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1. Pengertian Jantung Koroner (wini)

2. Epidemiologi (wini)

3. Fun fact (blm pasti) (wini)

4. Gejala/Faktor risiko (wini)

5. Explain lari (rayhanul)

6. Qr code untuk penjelasan tambahan (yang soal pace atau cara lari yg baik dan benar) (rayhanul)

7. Explain Bahagia sebagai manfaat dari lari (husnul)

8. Explain PDKT sebagai kegiatan tambahan untuk mewujudkan manfaatnya lari dan dapat hidup BAHAGIA (husnul, cosider jadi atau engga)

9. Nama Anggota (husnul-done)

10. Logo (husnul)

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RUN FOR YOUR LIFE!

Run and Save Your Life to be More Healthy

Start Your First Step

Run and be More Happy

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Lari akan membuatmu bahagia

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RUN FOR UR LIFE!

Cegah CVD dengan PDKT 10 Menit

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KARENA DARI SEGALA UMUR TDK MENYUSAHKAN

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Lari Dari Jantung Koroner

Dengan PDKT 10 Menit

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1. LARI DAN BAHAGIAKAN HIDUPMU! CEGAH JANTUNG KORONER DENGAN PDKT (...) MENIT!

2. LARI dari jantung koroner untuk hidup BAHAGIA

3. Bergerak dan bahagia, jauh dari jantung koroner

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1. Lari as nemonik

2. kr code pake web

3. consider lagi ambil pdkt atau engga

4. wini mau buat animasi (dia semangat skl)

5. ada waktu lebih bagus krna menarik mata

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benefits banyak gerak dalam hal ini lari

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benefits banyak gerak dalam hal ini lari

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BA ntu jaga kesehatan psikis

http://surl.li/styaw

https://shorturl.at/gNUY3

HA mbat tekanan darah tinggi, kolestrol, dan risiko jatung coroner

400631-latihan-fisik-bagi-penderita-hipertensi-86f314a3.pdf (neliti.com)

GI las angka risiko kematian akibat penyakit jantung

Leisure-Time Running Reduces All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality Risk - PMC (nih.gov)

Running as a Key Lifestyle Medicine for Longevity - ScienceDirect

A tasi berat badan berlebih dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup

The Role of Exercise and Physical Activity in Weight Loss and Maintenance - PMC (nih.gov)

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Association of running participation and the dose of running with the risk of all-cause, cardiovascular and cancer mortality.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
The .gov means it's official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a federal government site.

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The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Affiliations

¹ Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Zeljko.Pedisic@vu.edu.au.

² Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

³ Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

⁴ Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

⁵ Institute for Population and Social Research, Mahidol University, Nakorn Pathom, Thailand.

⁶ Institute of Sport Science, University of Graz, Graz, Austria.

⁷ Institute for Resilient Regions, Centre for Health, Informatics, and Economic Research, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield Central, Queensland, Australia.

⁸ UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland.

Affiliations

¹ Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Zeljko.Pedisic@vu.edu.au.

² Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

³ Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

⁴ Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

⁵ Institute for Population and Social Research, Mahidol University, Nakorn Pathom, Thailand.

⁶ Institute of Sport Science, University of Graz, Graz, Austria.

⁷ Institute for Resilient Regions, Centre for Health, Informatics, and Economic Research, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield Central, Queensland, Australia.

⁸ UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland.

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the association of running participation and the dose of running with the risk of all-cause, cardiovascular and cancer mortality.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Data sources: Journal articles, conference papers and doctoral theses indexed in Academic Search Ultimate, CINAHL, Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition, MasterFILE Complete, Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations, Open Access Theses and Dissertations, PsycINFO, PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, SPORTDiscus and Web of Science.

Eligibility criteria for selecting studies: Prospective cohort studies on the association between running or jogging participation and the risk of all-cause, cardiovascular and/or cancer mortality in a non-clinical population of adults were included.

Results: Fourteen studies from six prospective cohorts with a pooled sample of 232 149 participants were included. In total, 25 951 deaths were recorded during 5.5-35 year follow-ups. Our meta-analysis showed that running participation is associated with 27%, 30% and 23% lower risk of all-cause (pooled adjusted hazard ratio (HR)=0.73; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.68 to 0.79), cardiovascular (HR=0.70; 95% CI 0.49 to 0.98) and cancer (HR=0.77; 95% CI 0.68 to 0.87) mortality, respectively, compared with no running. A meta-regression analysis showed no significant dose-response trends for weekly frequency, weekly duration, pace and the total volume of running.

Conclusion: Increased rates of participation in running, regardless of its dose, would probably lead to substantial improvements in population health and longevity. Any amount of running, even just once a week, is better than no running, but higher doses of running may not necessarily be associated with greater mortality benefits.

Keywords: exercise; physical activity; running; sport; survival.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests: None declared.

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cardiovascular diseases / prevention & control*

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national center for biotechnology information

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Is running associated with a lower risk of all-cause, cardiovascular and cancer mortality, and is the more the better? A systematic review and meta-analysis - PubMed

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Increased rates of participation in running, regardless of its dose, would probably lead to substantial improvements in population health and longevity. Any amount of running, even just once a week, is better than no running, but higher doses of running may not necessarily be associated with greater ...

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Evaluate the relationship of physical activity (PA) with all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and incident cardiovascular disease (CVD)

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
The .gov means it's official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a federal government site.

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Affiliations

¹ Department and School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC.

² Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA.

³ Stanford Center for Research in Disease Prevention, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA.

⁴ Department of Health and Human Physiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA.

⁵ Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN.

⁶ Department of Health and Physical Activity, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.

⁷ Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, MD.

⁸ ICF, Fairfax, VA.

⁹ Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, MD.

Affiliations

¹ Department and School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC.

² Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA.

³ Stanford Center for Research in Disease Prevention, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA.

⁴ Department of Health and Human Physiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA.

⁵ Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN.

⁶ Department of Health and Physical Activity, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.

⁷ Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, MD.

⁸ ICF, Fairfax, VA.

⁹ Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, MD.

Abstract

Purpose: Conduct a systematic umbrella review to evaluate the relationship of physical activity (PA) with all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and incident cardiovascular disease (CVD); to evaluate the shape of the dose-response relationships; and to evaluate these relationships relative to the 2008 Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee Report.

Methods: Primary search encompassing 2006 to March, 2018 for existing systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and pooled analyses reporting on these relationships. Graded the strength of evidence using a matrix developed for the Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee.

Results: The association of self-reported moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) on all-cause mortality, CVD mortality, and atherosclerotic CVD-including incident coronary heart disease, ischemic stroke and heart failure-are very similar. Increasing MVPA to guidelines amounts in the inactive US population has the potential to have an important and substantial positive impact on these outcomes in the adult population. The following points are clear: the associations of PA with beneficial health outcomes begin when adopting very modest (one-third of guidelines) amounts; any MVPA is better than none; meeting the 2008 PA guidelines reduces mortality and CVD risk to about 75% of the maximal benefit obtained by physical activity alone; PA amounts beyond guidelines recommendations amount reduces risk even more, but greater amounts of PA are required to obtain smaller health benefits; and there is no evidence of excess risk over the maximal effect observed at about three to five times the amounts associated with current guidelines. When PA is quantified in terms of energy expenditure (MET·h·wk), these relationships hold for walking, running, and biking.

Conclusions: To avoid the risks associated with premature mortality and the development of ischemic heart disease, ischemic stroke, and all-cause heart failure, all adults should strive to reach the 2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of Interest and Source of Funding

The results of this study are presented clearly, honestly, and without fabrication, falsification, or inappropriate manipulation. The Committee's work was supported by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Committee members were reimbursed for travel and per diem expenses for the five public meetings; Committee members volunteered their time. The authors report no other potential conflicts of interest.

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References

Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee. Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee Scientific Report Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; 2008.

Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans In: DHHS, editor. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; 2008.

Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee 2018. 2018 Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee Scientific Report Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; 2018.

Torres A, Tennant B, Ribeiro-Lucas I, Vaux-Bjerke A, Piercy K, Bloodgood B. Umbrella and systematic review methodology to support the 2018 Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee. J Phys Act Health 2018;1-6. - PubMed

Johnson BT, MacDonald HV, Bruneau ML Jr., Goldsby TU, Brown JC, Huedo-Medina TB, et al. Methodological quality of meta-analyses on the blood pressure response to exercise: a review. J Hypertens 2014;32(4):706-23. Epub 2014/01/28. doi: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000000097. - DOI - PubMed

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national center for biotechnology information

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Physical Activity, All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality, and Cardiovascular Disease - PubMed

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
To avoid the risks associated with premature mortality and the development of ischemic heart disease, ischemic stroke, and all-cause heart failure, all adults should strive to reach the 2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans.

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High-intensity interval training (HIIT) and strength exercise are known to improve health markers, such as cardiovascular health, metabolic health, and cognitive function, as well as to reduce all-cause mortality

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
The .gov means it's official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a federal government site.

The site is secure.
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Affiliations

¹ The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Ramat Gan, Israel.

² The Paul Feder Laboratory on Alzheimer's Disease Research, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel.

³ The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Ramat Gan, Israel. eitan.okun@biu.ac.il.

⁴ The Leslie and Susan Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Ramat Gan, Israel. eitan.okun@biu.ac.il.

⁵ The Paul Feder Laboratory on Alzheimer's Disease Research, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel. eitan.okun@biu.ac.il.

Affiliations

¹ The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Ramat Gan, Israel.

² The Paul Feder Laboratory on Alzheimer's Disease Research, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel.

³ The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Ramat Gan, Israel. eitan.okun@biu.ac.il.

⁴ The Leslie and Susan Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Ramat Gan, Israel. eitan.okun@biu.ac.il.

⁵ The Paul Feder Laboratory on Alzheimer's Disease Research, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel. eitan.okun@biu.ac.il.

Abstract

High-intensity interval training (HIIT) and strength exercise are known to improve health markers, such as cardiovascular health, metabolic health, and cognitive function, as well as to reduce all-cause mortality. High-Intensity Functional Training (HIFT) is a training paradigm derived from both HIIT and strength exercise to elicit greater muscle recruitment than repetitive aerobic exercises, thereby improving both cardiovascular fitness and strength parameters. Herein, we provide a focused review of the known molecular mechanisms that underlie the beneficial effects of HIFT on cardiovascular, metabolic, and cognitive functions.

Keywords: Crossfit®; HIFT; HIIT; Mechanical tension; Resistance training; mTOR.

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High-intensity interval training is superior to moderate intensity training on aerobic capacity in rats: Impact on hippocampal plasticity markers.

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References

Barak, B., Feldman, N., & Okun, E. (2015). Cardiovascular fitness and cognitive spatial learning in rodents and in humans. Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 70(9), 1059-1066. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glu162 . - DOI

Ben-Zeev, T., Hirsh, T., Weiss, I., Gornstein, M., & Okun, E. (2020). The effects of high-intensity functional training (HIFT) on spatial learning, visual pattern separation and attention span in adolescents. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, 14(165), 577390. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2020.577390 . - DOI - PubMed - PMC

Calverley, T. A., Ogoh, S., Marley, C. J., Steggall, M., Marchi, N., Brassard, P., et al. (2020). HIITing the brain with exercise: Mechanisms, consequences and practical recommendations. Journal of Physiology, 598(13), 2513-2530. https://doi.org/10.1113/JP275021 . - DOI

Feito, Y., Heinrich, K. M., Butcher, S. J., & Poston, W. S. C. (2018). High-intensity functional training (HIFT): Definition and research implications for improved fitness. Sports (Basel). https://doi.org/10.3390/sports6030076 . - DOI - PMC

Finkbeiner, S., Tavazoie, S. F., Maloratsky, A., Jacobs, K. M., Harris, K. M., & Greenberg, M. E. (1997). CREB: A major mediator of neuronal neurotrophin responses. Neuron, 19(5), 1031-1047. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0896-6273(00)80395-5 . - DOI - PubMed

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intercellular signaling peptides and proteins / physiology

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national center for biotechnology information

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
High-Intensity Functional Training: Molecular Mechanisms and Benefits - PubMed

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
High-intensity interval training (HIIT) and strength exercise are known to improve health markers, such as cardiovascular health, metabolic health, and cognitive function, as well as to reduce all-cause mortality. High-Intensity Functional Training (HIFT) is a training paradigm derived from both HII ...

# data[].attributes.body
Higher levels of physical activity (PA) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) are associated with lower risk of incident cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the relationship of aerobic PA and CRF with risk of atherosclerotic CVD outcomes and heart failure (HF) seem to be distinct.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
The .gov means it's official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a federal government site.

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Affiliations

¹ Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.

² Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.

³ Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla, Finland.

⁴ K. G. Jebsen Center for Exercise in Medicine, Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.

⁵ Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, MI, USA.

⁶ Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.

⁷ John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute, Ochsner Clinical School - The University of Queensland School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.

⁸ Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA. Electronic address: ambarish.pandey@utsouthwestern.edu.

Affiliations

¹ Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.

² Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.

³ Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla, Finland.

⁴ K. G. Jebsen Center for Exercise in Medicine, Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.

⁵ Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, MI, USA.

⁶ Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.

⁷ John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute, Ochsner Clinical School - The University of Queensland School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.

⁸ Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA. Electronic address: ambarish.pandey@utsouthwestern.edu.

Abstract

Higher levels of physical activity (PA) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) are associated with lower risk of incident cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the relationship of aerobic PA and CRF with risk of atherosclerotic CVD outcomes and heart failure (HF) seem to be distinct. Furthermore, recent studies have raised concerns of potential toxicity associated with extreme levels of aerobic exercise, with higher levels of coronary artery calcium and incident atrial fibrillation noted among individuals with very high PA levels. In contrast, the relationship between PA levels and measures of left ventricular structure and function and risk of HF is more linear. Thus, personalizing exercise levels to optimal doses may be key to achieving beneficial outcomes and preventing adverse CVD events among high risk individuals. In this report, we provide a comprehensive review of the literature on the associations of aerobic PA and CRF levels with risk of adverse CVD outcomes and the preceding subclinical cardiac phenotypes to better characterize the optimal exercise dose needed to favorably modify CVD risk.

Keywords: Atrial fibrillation; Coronary artery disease; Fitness; Heart failure; Physical activity; Prevention.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.keywords[]
cardiovascular diseases / prevention & control*

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.keywords[]
national center for biotechnology information

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Running away from cardiovascular disease at the right speed: The impact of aerobic physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness on cardiovascular disease risk and associated subclinical phenotypes - PubMed

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Higher levels of physical activity (PA) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) are associated with lower risk of incident cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the relationship of aerobic PA and CRF with risk of atherosclerotic CVD outcomes and heart failure (HF) seem to be distinct. Furthermore, rece ...

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A bit outdated (2014) but crucial conclusion

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A bit outdated (2014) but crucial conclusion

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Running, even 5-10 minutes per day and slow speeds <6 mph, is associated with markedly reduced risks of death from all causes and cardiovascular disease. This study may motivate healthy but sedentary individuals to begin and continue running for substantial and attainable mortality benefits.

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The IP address used for your Internet connection is part of a subnet that has been blocked from access to PubMed Central. Addresses across the entire subnet were used to download content in bulk, in violation of the terms of the PMC Copyright Notice.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
The .gov means it's official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a federal government site.

The site is secure.
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Affiliations

¹ National Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine Center for Cardivascular Disease, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100101, China.

² Department of Psychiatric-Neuroimaging-Genetics Laboratory (PNG_Lab), Wenzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325000, China.

³ PNGC-Lab, Tianjin Mental Health Centre, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Tianjin, 300222, China.

⁴ Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Tainyuan, 030001, China.

⁵ Department of Psychiatry, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province 272100, China.

⁶ Department of Pharmacology, The first Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province 37000,China.

⁷ Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China.

⁸ Department of Psychiatry, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province 272100, China; Department of Psychiatric-Neuroimaging-Genetics Laboratory (PNG_Lab), Wenzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325000, China; Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China; Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Tainyuan, 030001, China. Electronic address: chuanjunzhuotjmh@ieee.com.

Affiliations

¹ National Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine Center for Cardivascular Disease, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100101, China.

² Department of Psychiatric-Neuroimaging-Genetics Laboratory (PNG_Lab), Wenzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325000, China.

³ PNGC-Lab, Tianjin Mental Health Centre, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Tianjin, 300222, China.

⁴ Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Tainyuan, 030001, China.

⁵ Department of Psychiatry, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province 272100, China.

⁶ Department of Pharmacology, The first Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province 37000,China.

⁷ Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China.

⁸ Department of Psychiatry, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province 272100, China; Department of Psychiatric-Neuroimaging-Genetics Laboratory (PNG_Lab), Wenzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325000, China; Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China; Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Tainyuan, 030001, China. Electronic address: chuanjunzhuotjmh@ieee.com.

Abstract

Depression is a highly prevalent risk factor for both the onset of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and the mortality of CVD patients, and people suffering from CVD are more likely to develop depression than healthy individuals. The aim of this review is to summarize recent findings regarding the underlying relationship between CVD and depression. Literature search and review were conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, Wanfang Med Online, and Baidu Scholar databases. CVD and depression are intimately related and researchers from around the world have proposed and validated various mechanisms that may potentially explain the comorbidity of CVD and depression. Recent studies have suggested that depression and CVD may manifest as two distinct clinical conditions in two different organs, the brain and the heart, respectively, but may also be linked by shared mechanisms. Of these, inflammation involving the immune system is thought to be a common mechanism of depression and heart disease, with specific inflammatory cytokines or pathways being potential targets for the prevention and treatment of the concurrent diseases. Therefore, inflammation may play an important role in bridging the link between depression and CVD, a finding that can have important clinical implications for the prevention and early intervention of these conditions.

Keywords: C-reactive protein; Cardiovascular disease; Depression; Inflammation; Interleukin-6.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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national center for biotechnology information

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Depression and cardiovascular disease: Shared molecular mechanisms and clinical implications - PubMed

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Depression is a highly prevalent risk factor for both the onset of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and the mortality of CVD patients, and people suffering from CVD are more likely to develop depression than healthy individuals. The aim of this review is to summarize recent findings regarding the underl ...

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Bagaimana kalau GI nya dijadikan kepanjangan untuk, GIat beroralahraga untuk melawan risiko penyakit jantung

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Pengertian Jantung Koroner :

gangguan pada fungsi jantung yang disebabkan

penyempitan pada pembuluh darah

koroner atau arteri koroner

Peningkatan Pengetahuan tentang Penyakit Jantung Koroner | Jurnal ABDIMAS-HIP Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (akbidhipekalongan.ac.id)

Epidemiology Jantung Koroner:

Berdasarkan data dari Journal of the American College of Cardiology tahun 2023, penyakit jantung koroner merupakan penyakit jantung dengan prevalensi tertinggi di dunia yaitu sebesar 40,69% atau 315.390.626 jiwa dengan persentase mortalitas sebesar 46,70% atau 9.239.181 jiwa.

Berdasarkan data dari WHO, penyakit jantung koroner menjadi penyebab kematian peringkat satu di duni. 17,9 juta orang meninggal akibat PJK atau sekitar 31% dari semua kematian global pada tahun 2016. Presentase penyakit jantung koroner (CAD) sebesar 2,2% dari seluruh penyakit dunia atau 32,7% dari penyakit kardiovaskular.

Berdasarkan data Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) tahun 2018, angka kejadian penyakit jantung dan pembuluh darah semakin meningkat dari tahun ke tahun. Setidaknya, 15 dari 1000 orang, atau sekitar 2.784.064 individu di Indonesia menderita penyakit jantung.

Global Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases and Risks, 1990-2022 (jacc.org)

Penyakit Jantung Koroner Didominasi Masyarakat Kota – Sehat Negeriku (kemkes.go.id)

View of [PJK)] : PJK (Penyakit Jantung Koroner) VS SKA (Sindrome Kororner Akut) Prespektif Epidemiologi (unwir.ac.id)

Coronary Artery Disease - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf (nih.gov)

Faktor risiko jantung koroner

1. hipertensi

2. obesitas

3. Rokok

4. Diabetes Mellitus

View of [PJK)] : PJK (Penyakit Jantung Koroner) VS SKA (Sindrome Kororner Akut) Prespektif Epidemiologi (unwir.ac.id)

View of Faktor Risiko Kejadian Penyakit Jantung Koroner (undana.ac.id)

81-87.pdf

Epidemiology of Coronary Artery Disease - ScienceDirect

Risk Factors for Coronary Artery Disease - Abstract - Europe PMC

View of Coronary Artery Disease (inovatus.es)

Correlation analysis of lipid accumulation index, triglyceride-glucose index and H-type hypertension and coronary artery disease [PeerJ]

Hypertension, coronary artery disease and myocardial ischemic syndromes - ScienceDirect

Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association | Circulation (ahajournals.org)

IJMS | Free Full-Text | MicroRNAs as Biomarkers for Coronary Artery Disease Related to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus&mdash;From Pathogenesis to Potential Clinical Application (mdpi.com)

Effect of cigarette smoking on coronary arteries and pattern and severity of coronary artery disease: a review - Nahid Salehi, Parisa Janjani, Hooman Tadbiri, Mohammad Rozbahani, Milad Jalilian, 2021 (sagepub.com)

Gejala jantung koroner :

1. rasa nyeri, tekanan berat, remasan, terbakar, hingga tertusuk pada dada

2. keringat dingin, mual, muntah,lemas pusing hingga pingsan.

View of [PJK)] : PJK (Penyakit Jantung Koroner) VS SKA (Sindrome Kororner Akut) Prespektif Epidemiologi (unwir.ac.id)

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Lemak jahat dikurangi

Antioksidan ditingkatkan

Rokok dienyahkan

Intensifkan pola makan sehat

View of Faktor Risiko Kejadian Penyakit Jantung Koroner (undana.ac.id)

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