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1) Hook -> Afganistan woman with the bycicle story
2) Transition -> problematisation (the story is an example of how it should be, but what is the reality?)
3) Research question and topic
4) Share a vision for OTs -> why is this an important topic to pursue?

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- We understood that the service users face difficulties within social integration, like not speaking the language and cultural barriers? Do you have more examples?

- Did we understand correctly that you go with the services users to the bank, health care insurance, and hospital. Do you also support them with leisure activities? If no, do you see a need for this?

- What are the priorities in terms of activities by the people who come to you?

- What do you do when the people who come to you, ask for support for leisure, for example hobbies and sports?

- Did you have projects for which you organized activities to bring people together. Do people want to participate in activities with local community? If yes, what are your experiences with this? If no, do you see a need for this?

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The need to:
(1) choose daily occupations,
(2) participate in occupations,
(3) have a balance of various occupations in one's life (eg, self-care, productivity, leisure), and
(4) engage in personally meaningful occupations.

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Six distal to proximal levels of involvement of the individual with others in social activities having different goals were also identified from the analysis of the literature: 1) doing an activity in preparation for connecting with others,
2) being with others,
3) interacting with others without doing a specific activity with them,
4) doing an activity with others,
5) helping others, and
6) contributing to society.
These levels are along a continuum and can help distinguish social participation (levels 3 through 6) from parallel but different concepts such as participation (levels 1 through 6) and social engagement (levels 5 and 6)

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Hainmueller, Jens, Hangartner, Dominik and Pietrantuono, Giuseppe (2016) Catalyst or crown: does naturalization promote the long-term social integration of immigrants? American Political Science Review . ISSN 0003-0554

successful social integration—understood as the removal of all barriers to full participation in the host society—is a key factor for immigrants and their offspring to achieve social, but also political and economic, mobility in their host society.

Laurentsyeva, Nadzeya; Venturini, Alessandra (2017) : The Social Integration of Immigrants and the Role of Policy – A Literature Review, Intereconomics, ISSN 1613-964X, Springer, Heidelberg, Vol. 52, Iss. 5, pp. 285-292, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10272-017-0691-6

where social integration can be understood from two perspectives. For immigrants, it means developing a sense of belonging to the host society. This often involves accepting and acting according to that society’s values and norms and, if necessary, building up the social capital that is deemed necessary by the host country’s institutions. The role of the native population is equally important: social integration is only feasible once immigrants are accepted as members of society. Such mutual recognition, apart from improving individual well-being, leads to better social cohesion and has considerable economic implications, from the provision of public goods and redistribution1 to teamwork and productivity in firms.2 Yet, if immigrants and the native population differ in many social and cultural dimensions, social integration poses a challenge

We broadly classify other proxies of social integration into four groups: culture, social participation and inclusion, demographics, and civil and political participation.

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RESEARCH QUESTION: How can expressing occupational identity through leisure occupations facilitate social integration of adults with a migration background into the host country ?

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RESEARCH QUESTION: How can expressing occupational identity through leisure occupations facilitate social integration of adults with a migration background into the host country ?

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Idea: How can expressing occupational identity through leisure occupations facilitate social integration of adult people with a migration background into the host country ?

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»Occupational identity could be conceptualized as the expression of the physical, affective, cognitive, and spiritual aspects of human nature, in an interaction with the institutional, social, cultural and political dimensions of the environment, across the time and space of a person’s lifespan, through the occupations of self-care, productivity and leisure.« (Unruh, 2002)

- OI is connected to doing, being, becoming and belonging
- socio-cultural dimensions are important determining factors (Hansson et al., 2022)

The interplay between agency and structure is a key aspect of identity. Individuals’ identities are viewed as multiple, dynamic and fluid, as they are embedded within a constant dialectical interplay between structure and agency. (Huot & Laliberte Rudman, 2010).

Kielhofner (2008a) and Unruh (2004) have also proposed that occupational identity is shaped by individuals’ choices/volition and cultural context, as occupational identity reflects who they are in context. Leisure choice is identified as particularly influential in how identities are constructed and shaped. (Phelan & Kinsella, 2009)