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Knee-bend roots bend upwards to emerge above the soil surface before bending downwards into the soil at regular intervals.

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the roots help to anchor the tree to the soft soil and help take in oxygen

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Noelle 1.1 Salt-secreting leaves of Mangroves

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Noelle 1.1 Salt-secreting leaves of Mangroves

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Salt-secreting leaves can remove salt from the saline water that third roots have absorbed. When the concentrated salt solution secreted by the leaves evaporates, salt crystals are left behind on the leaf surfaces and will be removed by rain or wind.

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-Ashley Tan 1.4.               Aerial roots help to anchor the plant firmly, while also contributing to the uptake of water and nutrients.

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-Ashley Tan 1.4.               Aerial roots help to anchor the plant firmly, while also contributing to the uptake of water and nutrients.

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Tropical rainforest trees that grow to great heights in order to reach for as much sunlight as possible usually have buttress roots which helps to keep the roots upright and prevent them from toppling over.

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Kayla (1.3) - Salt-secreting leaves of mangrove  forests

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Kayla (1.3) - Salt-secreting leaves of mangrove  forests

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The salt-secreting leaves enable the mangrove plants to remove salt from the saline water that their roots have absorbed.

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cone roots can grow up to 1.5 m tall and absorb oxygen from the surrounding air.

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Waxy leaves reduce the amount of water vapour lost through transpiration

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Tropical mangrove’s leaf

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waxy leaves help to reduce the amount of water vapour loss to the surroundings during transpiration.
broad leaves has a big surface area to absorb as much sunlight for photosynthesis.

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Prop roots. They help the plant breathe and provide it with support as they form a broader base around it.

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emma goh and tessa nyeo (1.2) - salt-secreting leaves of mangroves

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emma goh and tessa nyeo (1.2) - salt-secreting leaves of mangroves

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the salt secreting leaves enable plants to remove salt from the saline water that their roots have absorbed

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Broadleaf plants (also called "broad-leaved") are those with leaves that have a flat, relatively broad surface. This surface is often marked with a network of prominent veins. These botanical characteristics distinguish them from plants with needle-like, awl-like, scale-like, or blade-like leaves.

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Broadleaf plants (also called "broad-leaved") are those with leaves that have a flat, relatively broad surface. This surface is often marked with a network of prominent veins. These botanical characteristics distinguish them from plants with needle-like, awl-like, scale-like, or blade-like leaves.

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Mangrove wetlands are characterized by such qualities as a humid climate, saline environment, waterlogged soil or muddy soil. Mangrove plants grow in waterlogged soils and capable of tolerating salinity ranging from 2% to 90%

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Mangrove pencil roots

The pencil roots provide the additional needed oxygen which can't be taken from the soil.

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Drip tip leaves allow rainwater that falls onto them to flow off easily. This is important as it helps the leaves to dry quickly and it prevents the growth of fungi or bacteria on the leaves.

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Drop too leaves allow water that falls onto the leaves will be able to drip off the leaves to prevent growth of fungi an bacteria on them.

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Buttress roots keep trees upright by holding on firmly to the trees weight.

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Aerial roots take in oxygen directly from the air when they are exposed during low tide. This helps them survive oxygen-poor soil. 

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drip tip leaves allow rainwater to flow off easilt to dry quicker and orevents bacteria growth

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They have large surface area so that they can absorb as much sunlight for photosynthesis

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The 3 layers in a tropical rainforest are the emergent layer, canopy layer and undergrowth layer.

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Prop roots help the plant breathe as the soil is waterlogged thus the soil has poor oxygen

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Keep tall trees upright and prevent them from toppling over :)

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Drip tip leaves allow rainwater that falls in them to flow off easily. This helps to prevent the growth of fungi or bacteria on them.

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Buttress roots. It is to keep tall trees upright and prevent them from toppling over

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emma goh and tessa nyeo (1.2) - drip tips of TRF

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emma goh and tessa nyeo (1.2) - drip tips of TRF

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the drip tips of a plant in a trf allows rainwater to flow off easily, help dry leaves quickly and prevent fungi/bacteria from growing

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Some plants have drip tip leaves so that when it rains the leaves will not collect rainwater and will let the water drip down to the soil for the plant to absob

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Rainforests
The tropical rainforest biome has four main characteristics: very high annual rainfall, high average temperatures, nutrient-poor soil, and high levels

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This is a drip tip leaf. Drip tip leaves allow rainwater that falls onto them to flow off easily. As there is frequent rainfall that occurs in the tropical rainforest, this is important as it helps the leaves to dry quickly and prevents the growth of fungi and bacteria on them.

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Buttress roots - keeps the tree upright and prevent  it from toppling over.

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Naomi Lim 1.2 - buttress roots tropical rainforests 

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Naomi Lim 1.2 - buttress roots tropical rainforests 

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Some Mangroves have aerial roots that grow partially above the soil surface to take in oxygen directly from the air during low tide so that they can survive in poor soil

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Waxy leaves help TRF ---how does it adapt?