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Example of someone with cystic fibrosis 

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Cystic fibrosis is a recessive disease that affects the CFTR gene causing damage to the lungs and digestive system Causing thicker mucus to be produced which can block a persons airways. It is controlled by complete dominance. Cystic Fibrosis is not sex linked, it affects the autosomal chromosomes 1-22. The parents would need to have at least 1 dominant C allele, CC or Cc for the trait to be passed on. Cystic Fibrosis has been found in around 30 thousand people in the U.S. and 70 thousand worldwide. About 1 thousand new cases are diagnosed each year. Aswell as 2,500 babies being born with it. Cystic Fibrosis is most common in Caucasians who have ancestors from northern Europe, and it’s less common in African Americans. What is the phenotype for people with this condition? 1. How is it expressed?2. Symptoms?
The symptoms of cystic fibrosis are coughing or increased mucus in the sinuses or lungs.
Fun fact - cystic fibrosis was discovered by a woman

https://www.cdc.gov/scienceambassador/documents/cystic-fibrosis-fact-sheet.pdf

https://www.lung.org/lung-health-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/cystic-fibrosis/learn-about-cystic-fibrosis

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Sickle cell anemia is a recessive trait ( ss ) with a codominance pattern of inheritance. The gene affected by it is the HBB gene.

Its expressed through the hemoglobin being abnormal causing red blood cells to turn hard and sticky. It also starts looking like a sickle. Some symptoms are pain in joints, as-well as chest, dizziness, fatigue, low oxygen in body, unable to concentrate, etc.
Sickle cell anemia is not sex linked and parents would need to pass at least one gene for an altered HBB gene causing the production on an abnormal beta-globin

Around 300 thousand people get sickle cell anemia around the world. African Americans are the ones that are most likely to inherit this disorder.

One interesting fact i learned about sickle cell anemia is that is affects about 300 thousand people worldwide yearly.

https://health.mo.gov/living/families/genetics/sicklecell/pdf/sickle-cell-booklet.pdf

https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/fixing-sickle-cell-disease-gene

https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/sicklecell/facts.html

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5560446/#S1title

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The genotype for Huntington Disease is Hh dominant. It’s inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. The gene that’s affected by this disease is the HTT gene.

It’s expressed by irritability, poor coordination, depression, small involuntary movements, trouble learning, and trouble decision making. The symptoms include “chorea, dystonia, incoordination, cognitive decline, and behavioral difficulties.”

Huntington Disease is not sex linked since it’s autosomal so 1-22. At least one parent would have to have one big H, so Hh or HH.

This disorder is rare. Huntington disease is more likely in people of European descent, but the main factor is if you have a parent with HD.

One interesting fact I learned is that it’s a neurodivergent disorder, this is my first time researching it.

https://med.stanford.edu/neurology/divisions/md/hdsa.html

https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/14369-huntingtons-disease

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Hemophilia is a recessive disease that is controlled by complete dominance, the genotype for people with hemophilia is if, as a woman they are homozygous recessive (XhXh) and as a male recessive (XhY)It affects the VIII and IX protein and is expressed internally when your blood clotting properties dont work properly and it causes excessive bleeding when cut.  The phenotype for people without hemophilia is regular blood clotting and those with hemophilia with irregular blood clotting. Some symptoms include easily bruising, swelling of the joints, frequent nose bleeding etc. It is a sex linked disease and is located on the X chromosome, the parents would both have too have an Xh in order for the offspring to have hemophilia for example XHXh and XhY. Hemophilia is more common in males than it is in females for example it effects 1 in 5000 males and only 0.5% to 1% of females. An interesting fact i learned is that males are more likely to inherit the disease because they only have 1 X which means they either have it or they do not have it whereas with women they have 2 Xs so if they could be homozygous dominant and not have it but they could also be heterozygous which would mean they still aren’t affected by it and they are only a carrier.
https://medlineplus.gov/hemophilia.html

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What is the genotype for people with this condition? 1.Recessive/dominanttrait?
Genotype- 1)aa(recessive) .
2.Complete/Incomplete/Codominance pattern of
inheritance?
2) codominance
3. What gene is affected? 3 points
3) Tyrosine which is also the TYR gene
What is the phenotype for people with this condition? 1. How is it expressed? 2. Symptoms? 3 points
Phenotype- 1)White hair, very pale skin, and light colored irises.
How is this condition passed from one generation to the next?
Autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance.
1. Is it sex-linked?
It is not sex linked.
2. What genotype would parents need to have to pass
on the trait? 3 points
The parents would both need to carry an albinism trait to have a child and pass on the trait. The genotype should be Aa.
Statistics!
1. How common is this genetic disorder?
In the U.S., about one in every 18,000 to 20,000 people has some type of albinism. In other parts of the world, the ratio is one in every 3,000 people.
2. Are certain groups of people more likely to inherit
this disorder? 3 points
The sub-Saharan African descent group of people are most likely to inherit albinism.
What is one interesting fact that you learned about this condition.
There are 20 different types of albinism.
Include links to your credible sources.
https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/diseases-conditions/albinism
https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/oculocutaneous-albinism/