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Nelson Mandela:
- "prison life is about routine: each day like the one before; each week like the one before it, so that the months and years blend into each other"
- "Routine is also comforting for the prisoner, which is why it can be a trap"
- "This is particularly true of prison, where one must find consolation in being true to one's ideals, even if no one else knows it"

Migrant Mother:

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All across the United States and the world Antisemitism is present in today's society. People believe that Jews control the media to money to really anything. Some people are very open about their ideals toward it and others may not even know what it is. But either way, it's important to remember knowledge is power. We should give people the chance to learn about antisemitism, which would help eliminate ignorance. These methods of defining, gaining attention, and educating if used, can not only help antisemitism, but other types of hate. Which would ultimately make the world a better place.

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This program has a lot of individuals and government involvement for this to work. Which means this will be expensive and call for a lot of resources.

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This step of the solution is very dependent on political leaders. As I stated, most don't prioritize antisemitism as a problem. This means that we would be relying on the fact that eventually they would come across this issue and prioritize.

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Defining Antisemitism is extremely complex and there are no definitive answers on what it is. This makes defining it that much harder and that much broader. Which can ultimately make the solution broader.

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Once we have the attention of people in power, change can happen. Throughout the previous steps a crucial theme has come through, the importance of education. Whether it has been identifying what antisemitism is or understanding that a minority doesn't just need color, these need to be taught. This is where the school wide education programs come into place. Countries like Germany have tried this method and it has worked for them. Currently, they are lowering their rates of Antisemitism in their country every year. They took Muslims, people of the holocaust, professors etc... who are well versed in antisemitism. All these different perspectives gives students k-12 a chance to connect and learn. This not only educates our future generations but allows them to understand the severity of the problem. What I love about this solution is it can be universal. Not only can it be used for antisemitism, but for all different types of hate. Which would allow the future of America to be the most understanding great leaders!
- "Today, only KIgA remains, offering civil society workshops as well as working in schools. They added Islamism prevention/ de-radicalization with Muslim youth to their fight against the new antisemitism and also continue taking trips to Israel with Muslim youth to tackle anti-Semitic stereotypes" (Younes, 2020)
- " Government funding for projects fighting anti-Semitism has increased considerably since 2000" (Younes, 2020)
- "Whoever attacks Jews, also attacks German national ethics—not the other way around, as it would rather make sense and be also more inclusive for all potential minorities." (Younes, 2020)

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Thematic Cluster #3 : Educating Is The Way

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Thematic Cluster #3 : Educating Is The Way

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Unfortunately, in the eyes of most Americans antisemitism is not an important issue that needs to be solved right away. But the question is why? Its been made clear that it's extremely relevant and very harmful to the Jewish community. The simple answer is, people don't believe that Jews are a minority. Even though, since the beginning they've been persecuted and attacked, and not that long ago 6 million were murdered. Since, their skin color is not black, brown, etc, they are ignored for the unfortunate target they are. But the important question to answer is how do we gain that attention....
- "Antisemitism is often seen as less dangerous or less important than racism because nowadays it seems that antisemitism is not viewed as racism. Many Jewish
bodies are perceived as “white,” since most American Jews are white-passing" (Aronis, 2019, pg. 235)
- "opportunity to explore the interrelationships between ideas, individual policy actors, lobbyists/interest group activity, and the institutional arrangements that structure (if only loosely) the opportunities for influence." (Poulton, 2020)
- " three streams dramatically enhances the chances that an issue will receive attention by policymakers and that a proposed policy will be adopted" (Poulton, 2020)
- ""[of policies] is biased by the manipulating strategies and skills of policy entrepreneurs’ and their involvement dramatically enhances the chances that a specific policy will be adopted by policy makers" (Poulton, 2020)

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Old Antisemitism is a more stereotypical type of Jewish hate. It usually comes from people who openly admit that they have a dislike/hate towards Jews. This is also the certain discrimination that Nazis, Neo- Nazis, and terrorists would be labeled in. And, where the most common stereotypes like big nose, money stealers, media controllers etc.. come from. Additionally, it's notably way easier to identify then "New Antisemitism." And, most researchers and philosophers classify it as a radical right type of hate. This kind of antisemitism also dates back to as early as the medieval times.

- "Jews are weak and pathetic but they are also super powerful" (Subotic, 2022, pg. 461)
- "antisemitism because populism is built around a sense of collective insecurity faced by ‘the people’ and a threat that various others (and those others can easily be represented as ‘Jews’) (Subotic, 2022, pg. 461)
- "The rise in antisemitism has coincided with the rise and strengthening of far-right populist movements, which have deployed elements of the transnational antisemitic repertoire"  (Subotic, 2022, pg. 461)
-  "In Hungary, for instance, almost 70 percent of
respondents agreed that “Jews have too much influence.” (Beyer, 2019, pg. 1504)

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"New Antisemitism" is a certain type of Jewish discontent that has come about in the 21st century. This certain antisemitism is extremely tough to identify. It considers the ever-so-difficult question, is anti-Zionism considered antisemitism? Anti-zionism is defined as the political dislike in the Jewish land of Israel. However, most people like to argue that Israel itself can be separated from the Jewish people. But can it really? After the events of the Israeli and Palestinian conflict, this question has been at the forefront of identifying antisemitism. Unlike old antisemitism, this type of questioning is done mainly by the liberal side. And, they disagree that disliking Israel is part of disliking Jews. But it was found that most antisemitism comes from Muslim countries. This is crucial to understand because these are the countries that are favored in most of these heated debates in Israel. On the other hand, Israel is recognized as a country that is very diverse in both Muslims and Jews. In, truth what makes this debate even more difficult is the fact that each side has great points. But here is the truth, when identifying why someone is anti-zionists you never know their true motive. In fact, they might not even know if their antisemitism motivates their anti-zionism or the other way around. In most anti-zionists that question is clear in their subconscious, but can be hard to come to terms with. This is what makes new antisemitism so difficult because, unlike old antisemitism, these anti-zionists don't want to be a part of old hate.

-  "In Hungary, for instance, almost 70 percent of
respondents agreed that “Jews have too much influence.” (Beyer, 2019, pg. 1504)
-  "And again,a self-conception as a liberal, egalitarian person may make it especially hard for me to accept that I am subject to such influences." (Waxman etc., 2021)
- "binational state. In short, anti-Zionism is not necessarily motivated by negative feelings orbeliefs about Jews." (Waxman etc., 2021)
- "given problems of subconscious (or disguised)motives – it is difficult to reliably distinguish those cases where suchmotives are operative from those where they are not." (Waxman etc., 2021)
- "anti-Zionism doesn’t appear to be motivated by antisemitism, but their antisemitism is motivated by their anti-Zionism." (Waxman etc., 2021)

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Defining antisemitism, gaining attention, educating is the way

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Thematic Cluster #1 : Defining Antisemitism 

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Thematic Cluster #1 : Defining Antisemitism 

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How might Jews and non-Jews try to combat the reoccurring negative antisemitic stereotypes?

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Context + Introduction + Focus (Problem Statement) 

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Context + Introduction + Focus (Problem Statement) 

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Antisemitism is known as one of the oldest types of hate to ever exist. Nonetheless, it is a rising problem all around the world, but it's especially prevalent in the US today. According to David Hodge et al., (2021) who's a professor at Arizona State University, "it is notable that the Jewish population is victimized more often than Asians, American Indians, Latinos, women, Muslims, gay men, lesbians, people with disabilities, and almost every other group" (pg. 128). This is particularly concerning because Jews are one of the smallest minorities out there. However, antisemitism is not limited to the US, other countries are infested with this way of thinking. According to Heiko Beyer (2019), "In Hungary, for instance, almost 70 percent of respondents agreed that Jews have too much influence" (pg. 1503). It's also important to note that antisemitism is impossible to pinpoint where or why it started. With a similar idea, Subotic (2022) who's a professor of political science at Georgie State University, antisemitism is extremely complex and hard to understand. It goes deeper than the basic stereotypes, which is why it's a problem that's hard to solve and define. This means that for antisemitism to reduce, it has to first be better understood, then gain more attention from the public, and then finally, people can have the chance to be better educated on the subject.