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Q5: What did you learn about the challenges faced by refugees to resettle in the United States?

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Q5: What did you learn about the challenges faced by refugees to resettle in the United States?

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Q4: “How can participatory methods be used to improve the cultural appropriateness or usefulness of cultural orientation materials to support the educational success of refugees?” This is a methodological RQ which can be addressed in part through our reflection on the PAR practicum process and results. orientation of newcomer refugees.

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Q4: “How can participatory methods be used to improve the cultural appropriateness or usefulness of cultural orientation materials to support the educational success of refugees?” This is a methodological RQ which can be addressed in part through our reflection on the PAR practicum process and results. orientation of newcomer refugees.

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One thing to do different is starting the practicum aspect earlier to become informed on the issue earlier.

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One thing to do different is starting the practicum aspect earlier to become informed on the issue earlier.

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Q3: What are some of the personal, practical, or other challenges associated with doing the PAR Practicum? Upon reflection, are there things we might have done differently which may have improved our work together and its outcomes? 

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Q3: What are some of the personal, practical, or other challenges associated with doing the PAR Practicum? Upon reflection, are there things we might have done differently which may have improved our work together and its outcomes? 

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Methodology: involve the community, together with the participant find out solution for the problem in the community
Ethical: doing NO harm
Epistemological: knowledge from community is also important

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***Methodological – more interviewing, collaborative, less hierarchy of the research, more equal process	***Epistemological – knowledge is generated by the community for the community; more valid cause the community is sharing their experience and understanding, not necessarily objective, but can make it more objective with a blended team who has outside perspective ****Ethical – community researching itself helps decrease oppressive research and imposing bias research upon a community

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***Methodological – more interviewing, collaborative, less hierarchy of the research, more equal process	***Epistemological – knowledge is generated by the community for the community; more valid cause the community is sharing their experience and understanding, not necessarily objective, but can make it more objective with a blended team who has outside perspective ****Ethical – community researching itself helps decrease oppressive research and imposing bias research upon a community

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Q2: Based on what you have learned about traditional paradigms of research from this class (and from other classes, research experiences, or other readings during your college or graduate school career), what are some of the (a) methodological, (b) epistemological, and (c) ethical differences and advantages of PAR approaches to research in contrast with traditional paradigms.

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Q2: Based on what you have learned about traditional paradigms of research from this class (and from other classes, research experiences, or other readings during your college or graduate school career), what are some of the (a) methodological, (b) epistemological, and (c) ethical differences and advantages of PAR approaches to research in contrast with traditional paradigms.

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Collaborative process with an aim towards equity between participants

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Collaborative process with an aim towards equity between participants

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collaborative process, there is no hierarchy

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involving the community in the research process

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We included members of the community we are researching in the research team. There is a large emphasis on collaboration. The refugees on our team inform the project and shape the ideas and develop the focus of the work.

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We included members of the community we are researching in the research team. There is a large emphasis on collaboration. The refugees on our team inform the project and shape the ideas and develop the focus of the work.

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Q1: What is Participatory Action Research? Why was our practicum an example of PAR?

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Q1: What is Participatory Action Research? Why was our practicum an example of PAR?