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The Xia dynasty was established by Yu the Great. He established the Xia dynasty after he took the throne and became king. The Xia dynasty was the first to use irrigation, produce cast bronze, and build a strong army. They also invented the wheeled vehicle and used the compass and a calendar. One research question I would be interested in learning is why did they call it the Xia dynasty if Yu the Great was the one who was king during the dynasty.

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The Shang Dynasty was created by Cheng Tang. He overthrew the evil king of the legendary Xia dynasty. The invention of writing, the development of a stratified government, the use of bronze weapons in warfare, and the use of the chariot were all major achievements of the Shang Dynasty. One question I still have after researching is how did Cheng Tang overthrow the legendary Yu the Great.

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Wu Wang, led an army across the Yellow River to defeat the King of the Shang Dynasty. When he did, King Wu established the Zhou Dynasty. China had some dramatic changes during the Zhou dynasty. Iron, ox-drawn plows, crossbows, and horseback riding were all introduced. Large-scale irrigation and water-control projects were also created. One question I still have is what did they use horseback riding for.

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The state of Qin was able to conquer all other states and established the Qin dynasty. It was China's first unified state whose power was centralized instead of spread among different kingdoms in the north and south. The main achievement of the Qin is the fact that it unified China, creating the first dynasty ruled by the first emperor Qin Shi Huang. Other well-known achievements are the creation of the Great Wall, creating a large army of Terracotta Warriors, standardizing the Chinese writing system, and creating a uniform script called 'seal characters. One question I still have is how did Qin unify China.

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There was a war for four years between Liu Bang and his rival Xiang Yu. Liu Bang won the war and became emperor of the Han dynasty. The Han dynasty is known for its long reign and its achievements, which included the development of the civil service and government structure; scientific advancements such as the invention of paper, the use of water clocks and sundials to measure time, and the development of a seismograph. One question I still have is how was the Han dynasty able to reign for so long.

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Works Cited

"Kids History: The Zhou Dynasty of Ancient China." Ducksters, www.ducksters.com/history/china/zhou_dynasty.php#:~:.

"Zhou Dynasty." Encyclopedia Britannica, www.britannica.com/topic/Zhou-dynasty.