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The Renaissance was a period of time in the middle ages.  The word literally means rebirth.  This time period was the rebirth of the middle ages.

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Linear perspective is a method that artists use to provide depth into a painting/art piece. This creates an optical illusion to the human eye, allowing one to see a 3D painting on a 2D canvas.

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Michelangelo is an Italian painter best known for his Frescos paintings in the Sistine Chapel. The paintings spread from the walls to the ceilings!

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Leonardo da Vinci is a skilled painter and inventor. He painted many widely known paintings, ranging from the Mona Lisa to the Last supper. He also created inventions that were groundbreaking at the time. Some examples are the parachute and the triple barrel cannon.

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Donatello was a famous Italian artist/sculptor. He was known for his sculpting in marble, granite, and wood.

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Raphael is a famous artist most commonly known for his paintings. Some of those may include... Madonna in the Meadow, and School of Athens.

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Machiavelli was a Florentine philosopher most known for his political ideas.

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Petrarch is mostly known for being a poet during the Renaissance era in Italy. Petrarch's most famous poem is talking about his love for a women whom he cannot be with.

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Dante is an Italian poet best known for his artwork piece La commedia

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Shakespeare is a widely know poet who was WAY before his time. Most of his masterpieces are still brought up to this day. He was alive during the 1500's.

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Gutenberg was a German inventor/craftsman. We is most famous for making the Gutenberg press, this allowed the bible to be made much quicker. 500 could be made in the same amount of time 1 would normally be made.

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The protestant reformation was a religious movement that came through Europe in the 1500's

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Martin Luther was a widely known German priest. He was a major figure during the protestant reformation

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John Calvin was a French theologian. He widely influence the Christian religion. Just like Martin Luther, John Calvin was also a major figure during the protest reformation.

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Henry VIII was the former king of England. Other than being the king of England, Henry is most known for having 6 marriages and getting them annulled. He was king till his death in 1547.

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Christopher Columbus was an Italian explorer/voyager. "Christopher Columbus sailed the ocean blue in 1592". Columbus was the first(non-native) to discover the New World (America's).

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Samuel de Champlain was a French navigator, cartographer, and many more things.  Samuel de Champlain sailed along the Atlantic ocean around 30 times!  Samuel de Champlain
founded Quebec

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The Columbian Exchange refers to exchange of food, disease, animals, etc. This was good and bad for both the native Americans(of the new world) and the Europeans.

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This is an economic process used to maximize exports and minimize imports

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Triangular trade is the trade between three different ports. The ports are the United States, Africa, and Europe. All three of these ports end up making a triangle.

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The Middle Passage was a part of the triangle trade, but rather than trading goods they traded African's. This was the triangle slave trade. Africans would be deported from west Africa to the America's to work as slaves.

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The scientific revolution was a series of events that allowed science to be introduced in everyday life.

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Copernicus was an astronomer.  Copernicus discovered that the sun was a stationary object in space that did not rotate, in fact, the Earth rotated around it.

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Galileo was an Italian scientist(physicist) who discovered that Jupiter had 4 moons surrounding it.

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Kepler was a German astronomer(astrologist) that discovered the earth and other planets move around the sun in specific orbits.

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Sir Isaac Newton was an English astronomer, mathematician, etc.  Sir Isaac Newton invented the law of inertia.  Sir Isaac Newton also discovered gravity.

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Heliocentric theory is an astrological model that shows how the Earth and other planets revolve around the sun in orbit. The model also showed how all the planets revolve in the center of space.

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Louis XIV (France) was the king of France.  Louis XIV (France) was not only known for being the king of France but also having many mistresses.

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Czar Peter the Great (Russia) was a Russia leader/monarch, he ruled the Tsardom of Russia. During his time as the Tsardom of Russia he upgraded himself to become the emperor of Russia.

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Elizabeth I (England) was the queen of England and Ireland. She was the last of the Tudor Monarchs. She died in 1603.