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The first photo of DNA captured on film. This photo was taken by Rosaland Franklin

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https://www.purposegames.com/game/051c4a2de6

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This online quiz is called DNA Structure. It was created by member aballing and has 8 questions.

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Great DNA Structure Youtube video

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There are 4 different types of Nitrogen Bases.
1. Adenine
2. Guamine
3. Thymine
4. Cytosine

Adenine and Guamine are both purine bases, meaning they are much bigger then Thymine and Cytosine. Thymine and Cytosine are both pyrimidine bases and are much smaller.

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Adenine and Thymine go together(2 Hydrogen Bonds)
Guamine and Cytosine go together(3 Hydrogen Bonds)

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DNA is made up of Nucleotides. Nucleotides are made up of 3 parts:
5 Carbon Sugar molecule(Deoxyribose)
A phosphate group
1 of 4 Nitrogen Bases

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The structure of DNA is a double helix. Watson and Crick were the first to name the odd shape of DNA.

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In DNA the amount of a Nitrogen Base is the same across its pair.
Example:
A = 20%
T = 20%
G = 30%
C = 30%

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Hydrogen Bonds bond the 2 Nitrogen Bases together.

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Covalant Bonds hold the Sugar, Phosphate Group, and Nitrogen Base together in the Nucleotide.

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DNA making an exact copy of itself.

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1. Anytime there is a new cell (cell division).
2. Body needs to grow.
3. Broken Bone.
4. Getting cut.
5. Replace old cells.
6. Fix Blisters/Bruises.

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https://www.purposegames.com/game/25b81472f3

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This is a game where you identify the parts of DNA and the enzymes used in DNA replication. Sometimes, more than one of the same object are labled with dots, and just selecting one will select them all.

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This is a game where you identify the parts of DNA and the enzymes used in DNA replication. Sometimes, more than one of the same object are labled with dots, and just selecting one will select them al

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Unwinds and unzips the DNA making two single strands.

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Makes an RNA Primer to lead the way for DNA Polymerase.

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Lays down new Nucleotides in the 5' to 3' direction.

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Ligase finishes off the job and glues the new nucletides to old nucletides.

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Since DNA can only form in the 5' to 3' direction it causes a lagging strand. The Lagging Strand cuases Okazaki Fragments that later the Ligase has to clean up at the end of replication.

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Semi Conservative is the product of DNA Replicationm it means that the DNA has one new strand and one old strand.

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A perminate in DNA caused by mutagens(Viruses, Fever, Chemicals, & Radiation),

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vl6Vlf2thvI&t=1shttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vl6Vlf2thvI&t=1s

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1. No effect. Not all mutations end up making a difference.
2. Beneficial.
3. Genetic Disorder. Example: Down Syndrome & Turners Syndrome.
4. Cancer.

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-In nucleus
-Rewrite the DNA code
-Makes the mRNA(message RNA)

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https://www.purposegames.com/game/protein-synthesis-processes-quiz

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This online quiz is called Protein synthesis - processes. It was created by member lanty slee and has 8 questions.

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Helicase unwinds and unzips a small segment of DNA while SSB protiens hold open the DNA.

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RNA Polymerase-makes sure that the RNA nucleotides pair correctly.(Only happens on one side, 5' to 3')

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mRNA detaches and heads towards the nuclear pores and leaves the nucleus into the cytoplasm, so it can attach to a ribosome.

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mRNA slides through the ribosome, while the ribosome is looking for the start codon(AUG).

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Once the Ribosome reads the start codon the tRNA(Transfer RNA) brings the correct amino acid to the Ribsome for the codon. This process keeps going until the Ribosome reads a stop codon. While this process happens the amino acids makes a peptide bond which turns into a protien with more bonds. Final Product: Protien

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After the nucleotides are transcripted, the Thymine turns into Uracil before the mRNA leaves the nucleus. A codon codes for a Amino Acid. There are 64 different codons that code for 20 different Amino Acids.

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A Anticodon is a 3 nucleotide sequence located at the bottom of the tRNA that combines with a codon on the Ribosome to make a Amino Acid.

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*3 DNA *