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Between Common and Civil Law both systems are the most widely used in the world with most countries prescribing to one of these forms of law. They also utilize the use of courts, judges, and attorneys they are however used differently in each system to settle disagreements in a legal manner.

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The main difference between Civil and Common law is that Civil Law is based on written laws through legislation also known as statutes. While Common Law is based off of the outcomes of other similar cases using case law. Judges and attorneys function differently between the two as well, in civil law the judge is the main investigator and is in charge of bringing charges and establishing facts while attorneys have a less central and involved role in the proceedings. While in Common law attorneys make presentations to the judge and sometimes jury which is then referred to by the judge for the appropriate remedy when closing a case.

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Federalism is defined as a system of government that combines general government with regional government in the same system while separating the powers between the two. The United States is an example of a federalist government because they have the over arching federal government (general government) and the state government (regional government).

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The purpose for federalism is to deny any one government from having complete jurisdiction over concerns of public life, and allows for the protection of individual liberty. This keeps one government from holding to much power over the people as it is split between regional and general.

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The separation of powers is the idea of separating legislative, executive, and Judicial powers of government into separate bodies.

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The purpose of separating the powers is to ensure that one branch doesn't become more powerful through having to much control than the others. This is done by a system of checks and balances that keep the branches on the same playing filed and working together. An example of this is that the president from the executive branch can veto bills and send them back to legislation however it can be over turned by a two-thirds senate or house vote, this is to keep the executive branch from being able to veto bills they don't like.

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The Legislative branch consists of the Senate and the House of Representatives. These people are elected by citizens of their state to represent their states people and party. The primary job of the legislative branch is to draft laws.

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The Executive branch is made up of the President and the President's cabinet, the cabinet consists of fifteen departments of varying fields, and federal law enforcement agencies like the FBI. The role of the executive branch is to implement and enforce the laws created by the Legislative branch.

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The Judicial branch is made up of various federal courts with the highest of them being the supreme court. Their primary purpose is to determine weather a law is constitutional, to interpret laws, and apply their knowledge to individual cases.

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Primary Legal Sources are the law issued by a governing body that tells us what we can and cant do. The four primary sources consist of constitutions, statutes, cases, and regulations.

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Fair Labor Standards Act (1938)
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka (1954)
Civil Rights Act (1964)

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Secondary Legal Sources are a variety of resources that explain and analyze primary legal sources.

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Legal Dictionaries
American Law Reports
Law Reviews

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The Plain English Movement is an idea to change how legal documents are written in order for those outside of the field of law can still understand what is going on. Most of the diction used in law is so different from common English for the purpose of gate keeping individuals who are un familiar with the vocabulary. This is a common problem in many academic fields not just that of law.