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Jaundice is characterized by the yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes, resulting from an excess of bilirubin in the blood. Bilirubin is a yellow pigment produced during the regular breakdown of red blood cells. Newborns frequently experience jaundice because their liver is immature and cannot efficiently process bilirubin.

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Newborns often develop jaundice, leading to yellowish skin and eyes due to bilirubin buildup in their blood and tissues. This happens because a newborn's liver takes a few days to process bilirubin, causing about six in ten babies to experience jaundice, particularly common in premature infants, termed 'physiological jaundice.'

Jaundice usually appears on the second or third day of life. For full-term, healthy babies, it typically resolves within a week without concern. However, premature or sick infants, or those with high bilirubin levels, require medical attention. Blood and liver conditions, like hemolytic anemia or hepatitis, can also cause jaundice.

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Bilirubin is a yellow substance produced during the normal breakdown of heme in red blood cells. It is processed in the liver, where it is combined with glucuronic acid and then excreted in bile. High levels of unconjugated bilirubin can lead to jaundice and, in severe instances, cause neurological damage known as kernicterus.

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Bili lights are a form of phototherapy used to treat newborn jaundice. They emit blue light that helps break down bilirubin in the baby's skin, facilitating its processing and elimination by the body. This treatment is safe, effective, and widely used in hospitals for infants with significant jaundice.

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Phototherapy is the treatment of disease through exposure to light. For neonatal jaundice, it involves using blue spectrum light to lower bilirubin levels in the blood. During phototherapy, the baby’s skin absorbs the light, altering the bilirubin molecules to facilitate their excretion in urine and stool. This non-invasive treatment is highly effective in managing jaundice in newborns.

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Oral thrush, a fungal infection in the mouth caused by Candida species, is common in infants and young children due to their developing immune systems. It manifests as white patches on the tongue, inner cheeks, roof of the mouth, gums, and tonsils, causing discomfort and feeding difficulties. Treatment usually involves applying antifungal medications to the affected areas.

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Excellent job girls, your information is concise and I didn’t see any spelling nor grammar mistakes. Thank you!

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Erythema toxicum is a common, harmless rash that appears on newborns. It typically emerges within the first few days of life and is characterized by red blotches with small white or yellowish bumps in the center. The rash can appear anywhere on the body but often affects the face, chest, and limbs. Erythema toxicum resolves on its own without treatment and does not cause any lasting problems.

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