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Pyrolyse: Kann Pflanzenkohle wirklich CO₂ aus der Luft holen? | Terra X Lesch & Co

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Many materials have been pyrolyzed in the past. Technically speaking, this method is therefore old-school. The real challenge lies in whether there is a market value for the resulting products coke, condensate and gas. Only then will the economic cycle be complete and the project take off.

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Very often, composite materials (e.g. tetra packs) can be mechanically broken down so that only the organic materials that can no longer be mechanically recycled need to be subjected to a thermal process. This saves energy and investment!

This samples are from Urprall-reactor

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Ideal plastic waste for optimal (chemical) recycling consists only of hydrocarbons. However, the plastics actually contain many fillers, which are then also contained in the pyrolysis coke. For example, the carbon content in the coke may only be 50% and the rest is salts, titanium, calcium, iron, aluminum: currently still a challenge for further use as a raw material!

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The MIDI unit is a containerized system in 12 40" HC containers and includes the complete process chain with thermolysis reactor and staged condensation.

The material should be pre-shredded stored in 3 moving floor troughs so that an unmanned weekend shift is also possible.

On the liquid product side, the 4 storage tanks still need to be connected in order to store the different condensate qualities separately.

The cold permanent gas (CH4 + H2 + CO + CO2) is compressed to 50 mbar and can now be used by the customer.

The MIDI unit is electrically heated and is therefore emission-free.

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Rotor blades from wind turbines can also be mechanically recycled! The fibers can be reused in new products and the dust is sent for thermochemical recycling. This saves energy and investment!

This samples are from Urprall-reactor

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Condensate from chicken manure by D.Gerlach 2011

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Amazing: even chicken manure can be used to produce condensate oils and biocoke....

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Hydrogen storage & generation from syngas

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Hydrogen storage & generation from syngas

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Ambartec offers the possibility of converting a mixed, unpressurized pyrolysis gas into hydrogen using iron reactors and then directly converting it to a pressure of, for example, 30 bar. This requires significantly (!) less electricity than electrolysis and gas compressors. This makes the pyrolysis process very interesting for hydrogen production!

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If they asked me about risks and other things I will explain it like this...

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Why, we do this ...

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A wide variety of connections between waste (sorry raw material!) and required products can be designed !

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Tires taken from CalRecovery-Report 1364 from 1995

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Process temperature & conventional products

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Process temperature & conventional products

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Different products are not only created depending on the process temperature. The diagram shows the distribution of used tires over temperature. This means that the operator can always decide whether he wants more gas (e.g. for generating electricity or hydrogen) or whether he prefers a condensate oil for a robust diesel engine.

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Thanks to the horizontal column, process parameters can be set very precisely so that up to 4 different condensates can be produced: Tar or bituminous, diesel-like, aqueous or alcoholic and highly volatile.

The exact compositions also depend heavily on the chemistry of the input material used!

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Acetic acid has always been a booster for biogas plants, where it increases the methane yield. However, this acetic acid is now also in demand as a dressing for seeds (significantly higher yields) or as a bio-pesticide.

The pyrolysis of biomass in particular produces this previously unwelcome acid. However, the pH value of the condensates can be adjusted using the process parameters in the rotary kiln.

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All non-volatile components are concentrated in the pyrolysis coke. It is therefore necessary to check which metals are contained in the input material. If the sewage sludge is precipitated with iron or aluminum, then these metals are contained in the coke. If, on the other hand, it is precipitated with polymers, these are cracked by the thermal process and the coke contains significantly fewer metals.

If calcium is used to keep the sulphur and halogens out of the gas phase, then these components are also in the coke and could have a fertilizing effect there (which would have to be tested).

At high temperatures and steam in the rotary kiln, the surface area is significantly increased (steam activation), which can significantly increase the quality and therefore the selling price.

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MIDI thermolysis offers several advantages:

1. reduction of landfill waste volumes

2. recovery of valuable resources (substitution of fossile hydro-carbon liquids, methane)

3. reduction of CO2 emissions by creation of a closed material cycle of hydro-carbons

4. low-energy hydrogen production (by-product of cracking process)

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Pyrogenic coke (rCB), condensate oils and high-calorific gas can be produced from used tires.

BASF has been buying up these condensate oils since 2022. The coke is intended to replace fossil raw materials as a CO2-neutral raw material. Depending on the process temperature, larger quantities of hydrogen can also be produced as a by-product.

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In the circular economy, materials and products are kept in circulation for as long as possible in order to minimize waste and conserve resources. Recycling is a central component of this.

Ideally and in the most energy-efficient way, mechanical recycling is carried out directly. However, many materials are not chemically pure, meaning that the long-chain hydrocarbons they contain have to be thermally broken down again into a usable molecular size.

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During targeted condensation, heat must be dissipated, which can be fed into a local heating network.

Furthermore, the gases produced during thermolysis, if not used chemically, can be used to generate electricity (own power supply/island solution) and thus also further heat.

This heat (approx. 0.3 or 1.5 MW per MIDI unit) can be used for heat grids and reduces the need for fossil fuels.

By the way: Cooling stores can take their coldness by heat driven Wegracal units ...

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For continuous processing in the MIDI system, the tires must be granulated and the metal removed!

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To introduce as little oxygen as possible into the process, plastic waste should be granulated beforehand. This "sun" is a result of WiPa-processing.

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Biogenic filter aids can be converted into new products under suitable process conditions.

Pyrolysis of biomass produces inert carbon which is a CO2-sink !

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Due to the process conditions, biomasses rich in salt (e.g. tomato greens) or protein (sunflower seeds) can also be processed.

Without combustion oxygen and at lower temperatures, salts remain stable and the resulting process gases remain largely chlorine-free.

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We offer consulting, pre-feasibility study, basic site engineering, detail engineering. Any questions or request: mail to waste2product@akkodis.com

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We offer the manufacturing of the turnkey & tested MIDI unit.

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The complete process automation is ours!

One unique and integrated platform - from the field level to the management level with Control, Visualization, Production Management (MES), Energy Management, Advanced Process Control (APC) for increasing the plant efficiency.

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Financing projects of >30 million € is our passion!

Small financing (>15 million €) is possible under special conditions...

Check ssh-capital.com

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A local EPC is normally required for the on-site construction and piping to the tank farm and silo, who is then also responsible for the project vis-à-vis the authorities.

This means that local companies can also participate in the value creation and jobs are created.

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Depending on the process conditions, more or less hydrogen is released in the thermal cracking process.

This can be separated from the cold permentent gas and increases the benefit without significantly increasing the energy costs.

At around 850°, up to 90% of the hydrogen in PP can be released in elementary form.

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The rotary tube is brought to process temperature with electricity during MIDI. This requires approx. 600 kW per line.

This electricity can be sourced entirely externally, e.g. via a wind turbine, or generated internally from the permanent gas using a microturbine if this gas cannot be used for other chemical processes (due to a lack of consumers).

The turbines from E-Quad can process gas with up to 30% hydrogen by volume.

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The MIDI unit offers a key technology to efficiently connect the different sectors:

Disposal of (critical) waste in a commercial area

Waste heat recovery for local heating networks or cold stores

Production of raw materials (coke + condensates)

Production of biocoke for agriculture

Production of gases (H2 + CH4 + CO + CO2)

Demand-oriented power generation

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If you want to listen, ask or talk with us send us a mail to Leipzig_Plant-Engineering@akkodis.com

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The MIDI Thermolysis Unit is a groundbreaking innovation in the field of waste management and resource recovery. Using the latest technology, the plant efficiently converts waste into valuable raw materials, reduces emissions and protects the environment. But what makes this recycling plant particularly attractive for investors? The main advantages and unique selling points are presented below:

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The MIDI Unit uses an advanced process in which organic waste is thermally decomposed under controlled conditions. The high temperature and the exclusion of oxygen produce valuable products such as synthesis gas, oil and carbon. This process maximizes the yield of resources while minimizing environmentally harmful by-products – a perfect combination of efficiency and sustainability.

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The MIDI Unit is capable of processing a wide range of waste types, including:

plastic waste

biomass

used tires

industrial and municipal solid waste

This versatility ensures stable revenue streams by covering a wide range of customer needs – from municipalities to industrial enterprises. This ensures that the plant can be profitably deployed in both mature markets and emerging regions.

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Efficient resource recovery with high ROI

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Efficient resource recovery with high ROI

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The MIDI Unit is designed to extract the maximum value from waste. The resulting products, such as syngas, can be used directly as an energy source or for further processing, generating significant revenues. Liquid and solid products are suitable for the production of fuels or as chemical raw materials. Investors benefit from a high return on investment as the plant both reduces operating costs and generates additional revenue streams.

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Environmental friendliness as a competitive advantage

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Environmental friendliness as a competitive advantage

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With a closed system, the MIDI Unit minimizes harmful emissions. In addition, the carbon footprint is significantly reduced by converting waste into usable energy and materials. In a world that is increasingly focusing on ESG (Environment, Social, Governance) criteria, this plant is an excellent choice for sustainable investments.

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The compact and modular design of the MIDI Unit allows it to be easily integrated into existing waste management systems. Thanks to its modularity, the capacity of the plant can be expanded as needed, making it ideal for growing markets or changing requirements. This lowers the investment risk and increases flexibility.

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The MIDI Unit not only offers a cost-effective solution, but also a scalable business model. Operators can expand the plant capacity to tap into additional revenue streams. High efficiency and the ability to turn waste into marketable products make it a worthwhile investment with sustainable growth potential.

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Contribution to circular economy and social acceptance

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Contribution to circular economy and social acceptance

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The MIDI Unit actively supports the principles of the circular economy. By recovering valuable raw materials and drastically reducing waste, it contributes to a more sustainable future. These positive ecological and social effects increase social acceptance and improve the market position of companies that use the system.

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Conclusion: An investment in the future of waste recycling

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Conclusion: An investment in the future of waste recycling

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The MIDI Unit offers a unique opportunity for investors to invest in a sustainable and rapidly growing industry. With its advanced technology, diverse applications and contribution to the circular economy, it represents an economically sensible and forward-looking solution. The combination of environmental friendliness, profitability and scalability makes it a key player in modern waste recycling – and a lucrative investment for visionary investors.

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With MIDI you can solve a waste problem and produce as by-product CO2-neutral heat for your grid!

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With a MIDI system you enter a new technology level and can offer highly qualified jobs!

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You can clean up your environment from waste, processing by a MIDI and produce raw materials with benefit!

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MIDI's produced BioChar can be used as filter for cleaning your drinking water, but also as fertilizer to increase the farmers growing .

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Waste heat from a MIDI system can be used for heating a grid or steam production. But also generating coolness for a coldhouse storage.

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A localized MIDI plant can generate different jobs and benefits for a lot of "neighbours".

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If you transform waste to raw materials you create possibilities for further business !

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Direct conversion by electric driven thermolysis is a CO2- & methane-minus technology!

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Regions may define unlimited sets of scenarios, differing in use of resources, assumptions on (future) cost and willingness-to-accept, energy and climate strategies. The H2Scout empowers regional stakeholders to understand impacts of assumptions by comparing system performances of the scenarios.

Thanks to Spilett for implementing our MIDI-Unit !

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Spilett new technologies GmbH, Enda GmbH

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The H2Scout is a tool for regions to help them improving their way to renewable energies. Everyone can join the H2Scout and create own scenarios for the region!