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The Balanites aegyptiaca in Sudan plays a pivotal role in the health and well-being of the Sudanese. Bark is used for venereal diseases and rheumatism because it has anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties. Fruits are used for digestion problems as their medicinal properties help in treating indigestion and gastrointestinal discomfort. Lalob is also effective against serious conditions like dysentery and bilharzias in Sudan (I.M.S. Eldeen, J. Van Staden, 2007, para 2). As I.M.S. Eldeen and J. Van Staden explain, besides medicinal uses, it is also deeply connected with cultural and religious practices. In Hausa ethnomedicine, the tree is prominently featured and has been found most useful for household remedies and religious rituals.

References:

I.M.S. Eldeen, J. Van Staden, (May 2007). In vitro pharmacological investigation of extracts from some trees used in Sudanese traditional medicine. South African Journal of Botany.

(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0254629907002384)

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For me, the most meaningful aspect of competency standard 1.2 was understanding the effect of traumatic experiences on a patient's health and well-being. I have upgraded my knowledge of trauma and its effects, and how it can harm a person's physical as well as mental health, there should be a holistic approach to how past trauma might affect current behavior. Having analysed I now feel that it is necessary to establish a safe environment for patients to feel comfortable and respected. This knowledge of adjusting assessments and diagnoses based on traumatic experiences will be useful to me in the workplace because it will provide more effective and empathetic care for patients. This will have a positive effect on their mental as well as physical health.

References:

culturally Responsive Clinical Practice: Working with People from Migrant and Refugee Background competency standards framework for clinicians. (2019). Australian Government.

https://moodleprod.murdoch.edu.au/pluginfile.php/4119639/mod_resource/content/3/Culturally-responsive-clinical-practice-Working-with-people-from-migrant-and-refugee-backgrounds-Jan2019.pdf

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Impact of social inclusion and non- discrimination on the health of Sudanese refugees.

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Impact of social inclusion and non- discrimination on the health of Sudanese refugees.

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Social inclusion and non-discrimination have a significant impact on the health of Sudanese refugees. The Racial Discrimination Act 1975 prohibits discrimination based on race, color, or national origin. They ensure that Sudanese have equal access to healthcare facilities without facing any issues due to language, race, or national origin. One of the ways to reduce the gap between refugees and host communities is through cultural familiarization, which helps refugees build connections that help them overcome the trauma of resettlement. Additional socio-cultural support is available, which aims to improve social participation, economic well-being, and community connectedness. This can positively affect their mental and physical health (Refugee Council of Australia, 2018).

References:

(2018, September 20). Refugee Council of Australia. https://www.refugeecouncil.org.au

Refugee Response Index Australia review: Refugees become self-reliant (Pillar 4). (2023, March 28). Refugee Council of Australia.

https://www.refugeecouncil.org.au/rri-refugees-become-self-reliant/

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"Music is often regarded as a more “scientific” form of art due to the nature of its medium and the quantitative element in its composition" (Mohamed Abusabib, 2005, para 20). Northern Sudanese music is usually Arabic or Arabic-African in nature.

Traditional music can be classified into two types: Devotional music which is a combination of dance and trance, and indigenous music which is a combination of drums and tambura. Sudan's contemporary music has its roots in haqiba, a vocal art similar to cappella singing (Ibbotson & Lovell-Hoare, 2012). While modern influences have shaped its evolution, Sudanese music continues to uphold its traditional roots, offering a unique and captivating experience.

References:

Mohamed Abusabib. (2005). The Cultural Basis of Sudanese Music. Sudan For All.

https://www.sudan-forall.org

Ibbotson, S., & Lovell-Hoare, M. (2012). BACKGROUND INFORMATION. In Sudan (p. 34). Bradt Travel Guides.

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Schistosomiasis- A common disease found in Sudanese refugees

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Schistosomiasis- A common disease found in Sudanese refugees

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Africa has the highest prevalence of schistosomiasis of any region, accounting for 95% of affected people worldwide. This disease is most prevalent in Sudanese refugees. Schistosomiasis is a chronic parasitic infection caused by flukes of the genus Schistosoma. Most infected Sudanese refugees are asymptomatic and therefore it is difficult to provide treatment. Symptoms may include abdominal pain and bloody diarrhea. Offer blood testing for schistosomiasis serology. If serology is positive treat with praziquantel in two doses of 20/mg/kg, 4 hours apart, orally.

Perform stool microscopy for ova.

Perform urine dipstick for haematuria, and end-urine microscopy for ova if haematuria.

Reference

Schistosomiasis » Australian refugee health. https://refugeehealthguide.org.au/schistosomiasis/

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"The Food and Agricultural Organization indicates that sorghum and millet are the main staple foods in the rural areas of Northern Sudan, while wheat and broad beans are principally consumed in the urban areas" (Nayla Mohammed Gomaa Nasr, 2015, Page 3, para 1). The main dish of central Sudan is Kissra (a bread) taken with a stew, which is made up of dried meat, onions, spices, and peanut butter. (Nayla Mohammed Gomaa Nasr, 2015). The famous dishes of North and West Sudan are Gourrassa, Dukhum, and Aseeda Dukhum (Nayla Mohammed, 2015).

"As for beverages, the Sudanese has several distinct beverages that are made of some fruits that grow in Sudan like Tabaldi, Aradaib, Karkadai, and Guddaim" (Nayla Mohammed Gomaa Nasr, 2015, Page 3, para 6).

References:

Nayla Mohammed Gomaa Nasr, (October 2015). Local resources of Food and Health in Sudan.

(CORE – Aggregating the world’s open access research papers. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/35343645.pdf)

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Sudan is a multilingual, multiethnic, and multireligious country. Muslims are estimated to represent between 50- 70 percent, African tribal religions represent between 25- 30 percent and Christians represent between 4- 15 percent. Historically, Sudanese Islam was influenced by Sufism. Most of the Muslims in Sudan belong to the Sunni branch of Islam (Roald & Longva, 2011, p.161). The African traditional religions are mainly practiced in southern Sudan while Christians are in the minority in Northern Sudan (Roald & Longva, 2011, p. 162).

References:

Roald, A. S., & Longva, A. N. (2011). FREEDOM OF RELIGION IN SUDAN. In Religious minorities in the Middle East: Domination, self-empowerment, accommodation. BRILL.