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Watch our short animation and discover sources about Black, Irish, South Asian, European and Jewish people who moved to Britain.

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A short animation featuring British Library sources. Offers an overview of where different migrants came from, why they came and their experiences in Britain during the 1700s and 1800s.

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Held by British Library. Shelfmark: P.P.6018. ta

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Photograph of Emily Chung Ting, The London Magazine, 1911

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Photograph of Emily Chung Ting, The London Magazine, 1911

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Location: Liverpool

Creator: The London Magazine

Format: Magazine

Copyright: Public domain

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Photograph of people inside a grocery shop. Two women and a young boy stand in front of the country and two men stand behind the counter. There are goods on shelves behind the men.

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Migration to Britain, 1700s to 1900s: timeline

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Migration to Britain, 1700s to 1900s: timeline

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Explore this timeline to learn more about some of the people who came to Britain between the mid-1700s and early 1900s.

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Using a selection of items from the British Library’s collections and other archives, this timeline explores migration to Britain from the mid-1700s to the early 1900s. It charts some of the groups who came to Britain during this period, including lascars from South Asia, Irish people and Jewish refugees, and examines their reasons for settling. Some of these sources include content that may be considered discriminatory, offensive or distressing.

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Held by British Library. Shelfmark: 213-216.g

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'A public house in Fleet Street', London Chronicle, 1764

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'A public house in Fleet Street', London Chronicle, 1764

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Location: London

Creator: London Chronicle

Format: Newspaper

Copyright: Public domain

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Held by British Library. Shelfmark: LOU.EW S1530.

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Location: Manchester

Creator: Navvies and General Labourers Union

Format: Newspaper

Copyright: Public domain

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Front page of Navvy’s and Labourers Guide with three columns of text.

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Page of Navvy’s and Labourers Guide with three columns of text.

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Extract of article from Navvy’s and Labourers Guide. 

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Held by Modern Records Centre. Shelfmark: MSS.240/W/4/2/9

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A Voice from the Aliens, Jewish trade unionist pamphlet, 1895

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A Voice from the Aliens, Jewish trade unionist pamphlet, 1895

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Location: Cardiff, Wales

Creator: Joseph Finn

Format: Pamphlet

Copyright: Modern Records Centre, University Library, University of Warwick

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Held by British Library. Shelfmark: W4965 (b),(c ).

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Examination papers for Indian Civil Service, 1858

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Examination papers for Indian Civil Service, 1858

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Location: London

Creator: Indian Civil Service

Format: Examination papers

Copyright: Public domain

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Examination papers for Indian Civil Service 1858

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Held by Greater Manchester County Record Office. Shelfmark: B10/10/1/18/28

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Photograph of navvies constructing the Manchester shipping canal, 1890s

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Photograph of navvies constructing the Manchester shipping canal, 1890s

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Location: Manchester

Creator: Unknown

Format: Photograph

Copyright: Manchester Libraries, Information and Archives

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A group of men standing in a ditch, with a train full of dirt on the left and a wall of dirt on the right. The men hold shovels. 

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Held by British Library. Shelfmark: Maps 3165.(6.)

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Map of the Manchester Ship Canal general plans, 1889

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Map of the Manchester Ship Canal general plans, 1889

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Location: Manchester

Creator: John Heywood

Format: Map

Copyright: Public domain

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Location: Britain

Creator: Unknown

Format: Cartoon

Copyright: Jewish Museum London

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A group of people stand on edge of the docks, with a large ship in the background. Britannia stands of the left holding a piece of paper with Aliens Act written on it and a group of migrants stand of the right. The man, woman and two young children wear travellers clothing and have bags, they look weary from their journey. 

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Held by British Library. Shelfmark:  04034.ee.33.

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Location: London (East End), England

Creator: George Arkell

Format: Map

Copyright: Public domain

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Detailed street map titled 'Jewish East London', colour-coded in blue and red.

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Held by People's Collection Wales. Photograph kindly loaned for copying by Mr A. Conti.

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Conti brothers outside their first café in Ystradgynlais, c. 1920

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Conti brothers outside their first café in Ystradgynlais, c. 1920

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Location: Ystradgynlais, Wales

Creator: Unknown

Format: Photograph

Copyright: People's Collection Wales. Photograph kindly loaned for copying by Mr A. Conti.

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Three men wearing suits, ties and waistcoats stand outside the front door of their cafe, with windows either side showing products for sale.

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Held by London Museum. Object ID: 84.166

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Location: London

Creator: John Collet

Format: Painting

Copyright: London Museum

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A painting of people in a city street celebrating a festival, with a dog in the foreground and people leaning out of windows to look at the crowd. 

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Held by Royal Academy of Arts. Shelfmark: 05/4201

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Ignatius Sancho by Francesco Bartolozzi, 1781

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Ignatius Sancho by Francesco Bartolozzi, 1781

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Location: London

Creator: Francesco Bartolozzi

Format: Engraving

Copyright: Science History Images / Alamy Stock Photo

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A portrait of Igantius Sancho. He sits facing the viewer, with dark hair that is longer at the back. He wears a dark coat and lighter vest, with a white top underneath. One hand is tucked into the buttons that run down the centre of the vest. 

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Held by British Library. Shelfmark: Maps K.Top.21.31.5.c.PORT.11.TAB.

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Location: London

Creator: William Daniell

Format: Print

Copyright: Public domain

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A painting with the docks in the foreground with boats arriving and leaving, and fields on green in the background. 

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Held by Leeds Libraries. Shelfmark: LQ 331.833 L517

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Photograph of Copenhagen Street, Leeds, 1901

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Photograph of Copenhagen Street, Leeds, 1901

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Location: Leeds, England

Creator: Unknown

Format: Photograph

Copyright: Leodis by Leeds Libraries

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Black and white photograph of a terraced street with a large group of young children in foreground.

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Held by Jewish Museum London. Shelfmark: G7-6

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Photograph of a tailoring workshop, c. 1900-1910

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Photograph of a tailoring workshop, c. 1900-1910

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Location: London (East End), England

Creator: Unknown

Format: Photograph

Copyright: Public domain

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Black and white photograph of tailors sat around a table sewing garments in a room with big windows. 

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Held by British Library. Shelfmark: 10349.h.12. 

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German: 'German London', Living London, 1901

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German: 'German London', Living London, 1901

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Location: London, England

Creator: Count E. Armfelt

Format: Printed book

Copyright: Public domain

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Newspaper article with black and white photograph of German migrants at the docks. 

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Newspaper article with black and white photograph of German men in a soup kitchen.

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Image of people dancing in couples in a large hall. The captions reads a Christmas dance at the German gymnasium. 

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Newspaper article with black and white photograph of German men playing skittles. 

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Newspaper article with black and white photograph of German men at a saloon. 

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Newspaper article with black and white photograph of German people inside a house celebrating with a dinner. 

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Held by British Library. Shelfmark: 08275.bb.28.

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Henry Mayhew's interview with Irish street-sellers, 1861

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Henry Mayhew's interview with Irish street-sellers, 1861

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Location: London, England

Creator: Henry Mayhew

Format: Illustration, printed book

Copyright: Public domain

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Held by British Library. Shelfmark: PP.1041.c.

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Photograph of the exterior of the Ayahs' Home in Hackney, 1921

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Photograph of the exterior of the Ayahs' Home in Hackney, 1921

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Location: London, England

Creator: Unknown

Format: Photograph

Copyright: Public domain

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Sepia-toned photograph of the exterior of the Ayahs' Home in Hackney, with a group of people standing outside. 

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Held by British Library. Shelfmark: 10349.h.12.

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Photograph of the interior of the Ayahs' Home in Hackney, 1904

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Photograph of the interior of the Ayahs' Home in Hackney, 1904

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Location: London, England

Creator: Unknown

Format: Photograph

Copyright: Public domain

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Black and white photograph of the interior of the Ayahs' Home, with women sat around a table sewing and reading. 

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Held by British Library. Shelfmark: Mss Eur F754/2/2.

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Photograph of an ayah with the Greenhill family, c. 1890-1910

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Photograph of an ayah with the Greenhill family, c. 1890-1910

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Location: British India

Creator: Unknown

Format: Photograph

Copyright: Public domain

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Black and white photograph of the Greenhill family. Mother and father sit on chairs in front of a large palm tree, with a baby in the mothers lap and a child standing between the parents. The ayah stands next to the mother, slightly behind the family. 

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Held by British Library. Shelfmark: Mss Eur F754/2/1

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Location: Calcutta, British India

Creator: Mrs G F Greenhill

Format: Manuscript

A transcript is available in the sources label document on this Padlet.

Copyright: We have been unable to locate the owner of the copyright in this material. Please contact copyright@bl.uk with any information you have regarding this item.

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A handwritten contract, with a blue border at the top. 

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Photographic collage featuring lascars, 1906

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Photographic collage featuring lascars, 1906

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Location: London

Creator: Reinhold Thiele, The Illustrated London News

Format: Collage, photograph

Copyright: Chronicle / Alamy Stock Photo

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A collage showing lascars performing various jobs on board ships and relaxing in a home. 

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Location: London

Creator: A L Valentini

Format: Printed book, dictionary

Copyright: Public domain

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Page 44 of a Lascari-Bât from 1896, with phrases in Lascari and English, for example 'who are you? where are you going?'.

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Page 45 of a Lascari-Bât from 1896, with phrases in Lascari and English, for example 'how can I help it'.

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Page 12 of a Lascari-Bât from 1896, with phrases in Lascari and English, for example 'do you understand?'.

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Page 13 of a Lascari-Bât from 1896, with phrases in Lascari and English, for example 'Put on the strop'.

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Page 206 of a Lascari-Bât from 1896, with words in Lascari and English, for example supper, sugar and sun.

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Page 206 of a Lascari-Bât from 1896, with words in Lascari and English, for example swift, sweet and swoon.

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Held by British Library. Shelfmark: 4192.bb.43.

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The Asiatic in England by Joseph Salter, 1873

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The Asiatic in England by Joseph Salter, 1873

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Location: London, England

Creator: Joseph Salter

Format: Printed book, illustration

Copyright: Public domain

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Pencil drawing of six lascars from different areas in Asia, including Berma, Bengal and China. They wear different yet simple clothing and hats. One is sat in a chair in the centre, while the rest are standing behind him and one either side. 

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Held by British Library: Shelfmark: PENN.P9

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Letter from Olaudah Equiano to the Norfolk Chronicle, 1794

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Letter from Olaudah Equiano to the Norfolk Chronicle, 1794

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Location: Norfolk

Creator: Olaudah Equiano, Norfolk Chronicle

Format: Letter, newspaper

Copyright: Public domain

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Held by British Library: Shelfmark: 1489.g.50

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The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, second edition, 1789 

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The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, second edition, 1789 

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Location: London

Creator: Olaudah Equiano

Format: Printed book

Copyright: Public domain

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An open book with a portrait of Olaudah Equiano. He has short dark hair, and sits facing the viewer wearing a dark suit and light shirt with ruffles at the collar. He holds an open book in his hands.

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Migration to Britain, 1750 to 1900: source labels

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Migration to Britain, 1750 to 1900: source labels

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Learn more about this collection of sources from the British Library and other archives on migration to Britain between 1750 and 1900.