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Sibel BAYRAKTAR Nilüfer Bursa TÜRKİYE

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For Diocletian's Palace, the best-preserved late-ancient complex in the world. A synonym for the old town of Split, there are so many questions about the exact time of its construction and the death of Diocletian. The Roman ruler who had it built. With its size and preservation, the palace is one of the most important monuments of late Roman architecture.

Let us give you a short intro first. Diocletian was a Roman Emperor born in Salona - the capital of the Roman province of Dalmatia. The massive palace was built as a preparation for his retirement. So, upon returning to his homeland he moved into the expensive fortified palace. Around later on the city of Split formed. After the death of Diocletian, the palace was abandoned by the Romans. The palace was empty for several centuries when its new residents started making their homes and workshops inside the walls.

Diocletian was buried in his palace. His tomb was later turned into a Christian church. The Cathedral of St. Domnius, which is still standing nowadays. Because of the fact that Diocletian persecuted Christians, while the palace wasn't in use anymore, they came back and destroyed all images and signs of Diocletian. Afterward, many other sights were destroyed and built upon. They replaced Roman-era imagery with Christian imagery. In November 1979 UNESCO declared the palace remains a World Heritage site as an important archeological complex.

Diocletian's Palace through history

Diocletian's Palace in Split is one of the most significant ancient buildings in Croatia and one of the best-preserved monuments of Roman architecture in the world. The palace was built by Emperor Diocletian as his imperial mansion in which he intended to spend his old age. The choice of this location was prompted by the mild climate, thermal water springs and the abundance of stone for construction, as well as the excellent location.

Construction was completed probably in the late 3rd century. Due to the danger of possible barbarian raids, it was built on the model of a military camp - . In the shape of a rectangle with four large towers at the corners and four doors. The palace was surrounded by large ramparts. And the gates were the entrances to the palace - three gates on the land side and one on the seaside.

From the palace to the city

After Diocletian's death, the palace underwent numerous changes. But it remained beautifully preserved and is considered one of the most significant Roman monuments in the world. It is especially interesting that this is a place that has been permanently inhabited ever since. In which people live and adapt to life, so even today it is actually still developing and changing. Diocletian's Palace was transformed into a city in a unique, creative and original way. At the time when the palace was built, the city of Split did not exist. Split arose from Diocletian's Palace through alterations and additions.

The way that this occurred is almost fascinating. A particularly beautiful and visible example is the Peristyle. A spacious square that connects the northern and southern parts of the city. Where inside the ancient pillars are embedded facades and facades of Romanesque, Gothic, and later Renaissance and Baroque buildings and palaces. An interesting example of the conversion of the palace is the former octagonal imperial mausoleum, which was turned into a cathedral by adding a Romanesque bell tower.

Peristyle

In Roman architecture, a peristyle is an open colonnade surrounding a court. Hence the name of the central court in Diocletian's Palace is called Peristil. It is located at the intersection of the two main streets, cardo and decumanus . The nucleus of historical sites is found here. With the protiron, sphinxes, vestibule and various palaces. Also with the imposing Cathedral of St. Domnius, and Diocletian's mausoleum.

The peristyle is the central square of Diocletian's Palace. Located in the part where several temples were built. It was intended for the emperor Diocletian, celebrated as the living son of Jupiter. The emperor appeared under the architrave arch of the central part of the protiron. His subjects approached him, kneeling and kissing the skirts of his crimson cloak. Or falling prostrate before him, lying with his whole body on the ground.

Basements of Diocletian's Palace

The basements of Diocletian's Palace are one of the best-preserved ancient complexes of this kind in the world. And they are very responsible for the fact that the historic core of Split was included in the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1979. In Roman times, their function was to elevate the spaces of the emperor's apartment on the upper floor. But they were also the storage space of the Palace. As they are structurally faithful copies of the upper rooms, they enable a quality reconstruction of the appearance of the imperial chambers. The walls served as the foundations of the imperial residential buildings. So the shapes of their rooms matched the shape of the buildings that disappeared above the surface. Basements are used today as attractive fair and exhibition spaces. And the popular television series Game of Thrones was filmed in them.
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For Diocletian's Palace, the best-preserved late-ancient complex in the world. There are so many questions about the exact time of its construction and the death of Diocletian.

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The Pula Arena ( Croatian: Pulska Arena, Italian: Arena di Pola) is the name of the amphitheatre located in Pula, Croatia. The Arena is the only remaining Roman amphitheatre to have four side towers and with all three Roman architectural orders entirely preserved. It was constructed in 27 BC - 68 AD and is among the world's six largest surviving Roman arenas. A rare example among the 200 surviving Roman amphitheatres, it is also the best preserved ancient monument in Croatia; however, the arena is not listed on UNESCO world heritage list.[citation needed ]

The amphitheatre is depicted on the reverse of the Croatian 10 kuna banknote, issued in 1993, 1995, 2001 and 2004.

The exterior wall is constructed in limestone. The part facing the sea consists of three stories, while the other part has only two stories since the amphitheatre was built on a slope. The maximum height of the exterior wall is 29.40 m (96.5 ft). The first two floors have each 72 arches, while the top floor consists of 64 rectangular openings.

The axes of the elliptical amphitheatre are 132.45 and 105.10 m (434.5 and 344.8 ft) long, and the walls stand 32.45 m (106.5 ft) high. It could accommodate 23,000 spectators in the cavea, which had forty steps divided into two meniani. The seats rest directly on the sloping ground; The field for the games, the proper arena, measured 67.95 by 41.65 m (222.9 by 136.6 ft). The field was separated from the public by iron gates.

The arena had a total of 15 gates. A series of underground passageways were built underneath the arena along the main axis from which animals, ludi scenes and fighters could be released; stores and shops were located under the raked seating. The amphitheatre was part of the circuit of the gladiators.

Each of the four towers had two cisterns filled with perfumed water that fed a fountain or could be sprinkled on the spectators. The amphitheatre could be covered with velaria (large sails), protecting the spectators from sun or rain (as attested by rare construction elements).

This amphitheatre, through its remarkable conservation, has served as an excellent example for the study of ancient building techniques.

The Arena was built between 27 BC and 68 AD, as the city of Pula became a regional centre of Roman rule, called Pietas Julia. The name was derived from the sand that, since antiquity, covered the inner space. It was built outside the town walls along the Via Flavia, the road from Pula to Aquileia and Rome.

The amphitheatre was first built in timber during the reign of Augustus (2-14 AD). It was replaced by a small stone amphitheatre during the reign of emperor Claudius. In 79 AD it was enlarged to accommodate gladiator fights by Vespasian and to be completed in 81 AD under emperor Titus. This was confirmed by the discovery of a Vespasian coin in the malting.

St. Germanus, of whom little is known, was allegedly tortured in the Amphitheatre in or around 290, and subsequently martyred outside the city, on the road to Nesactium. The legend is apocryphal.

The amphitheatre remained in use until the 5th century, when emperor Honorius prohibited gladiatorial combats. It was not until 681 that combat between convicts, particularly those sentenced to death, and wild animals was forbidden.

In the 5th century the amphitheatre began to see its stone plundered by the local populace. By the 13th century, the patriarch of Aquileia forbade further removal from the Arena.

In the Middle Ages the interior of the Arena was used for grazing, occasional tournaments by the Knights of Malta and medieval fairs. In 1583 the Venetian Senate proposed dismantling the arena and rebuilding it within Venice. The proposals were rejected. Today, a headstone celebrating the Venetian senator Gabriele Emo's opposition to the plan is currently visible on the second tower.

In 1709, stone was taken from Pula arena for the belfry foundations at Pula Cathedral. This was the last time the arena was used as a source of stone.

Restoration

General Auguste de Marmont, as French governor of the Illyrian Provinces, started the restoration of the arena. This was continued in 1816 by the Ticinese architect Pietro Nobile, commissioned by the emperor Francis I of Austria.

In 1932, the arena was adapted for theatre productions, military ceremonies and public meetings. In its present state, seating capacity is around 7000 and 12,500 for all standing events.

The arena is used as a venue for many concerts. Performances have included ones by; Foo Fighters, Luciano Pavarotti, Đorđe Balašević, Plácido Domingo, Andrea Bocelli, Patrizio Buanne, Jose Carreras, Dino Merlin, Jamiroquai, Anastacia, Eros Ramazzotti, Maksim Mrvica, Norah Jones, Zucchero, Zdravko Čolić, Alanis Morissette, Sinéad O'Connor, Elton John, 2Cellos, Sting, Michael Bolton, Seal, Il Divo, Tom Jones, Gibonni, Manu Chao, Oliver Dragojević, Leonard Cohen, Grace Jones, Moderat, David Gilmour, and Frank Zivkovic.

The arena has also been used for cinematic works such as , a 1999 film adaptation of Shakespeare's revenge tragedy Titus Andronicus by Julie Taymor.

Two professional ice hockey games were played there on September 14 and 16, 2012; KHL Medveščak, a Zagreb-based Erste Bank Eishockey Liga club, hosted HDD Olimpija Ljubljana and the Vienna Capitals.

Turner, J., Grove Dictionary of Art, Oxford University Press, USA. New Ed edition, January 2, 1996. ISBN 0-19-517068-7.

Mlakar, Stefan, The Amphitheatre in Pula, The Archaeological Museum of Istra, 1957.

Džin, Kristina. Mirko Žužić (ed.). Arena Pula. Zagreb: Viza MG d.o.o. Remetinečka cesta 81, Zagreb. ISBN 978-953-7422-15-8.

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The Pula Arena ( Croatian: Pulska Arena, Italian: Arena di Pola) is the name of the amphitheatre located in Pula, Croatia. The Arena is the only remaining Roman amphitheatre to have four side towers and with all three Roman architectural orders entirely preserved.

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The ‘Pearl of the Adriatic’, situated on the Dalmatian coast, became an important Mediterranean sea power from the 13th century onwards. Although severely damaged by an earthquake in 1667, Dubrovnik managed to…

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Ancient Evropos in the area of Kilkis is where the statue of a young boy (kouros) was excavated!

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Kilkis cave

The length of its corridors is about 300 meters and its area, together with the 2nd floor, exceeds 1000 sq.m. Its temperature remains constant at 15-17 degrees Celsius all year round and its humidity is 95%

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2nd Primary School of Thermi, Μανδρίτσα, Θέρμη

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2nd Primary School of Thermi, Μανδρίτσα, Θέρμη

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2nd Primary School of Thermi, Μανδρίτσα, Θέρμη

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The White Tower is situated in the waterfront of Thessaloniki. It used to be a fortress and a prison but now it is a museum where visitors can learn the history of the city. It is worth visiting!

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Belkıs Merkez, Zeugma Antik Kenti, Belkıs Köyü/Nizip/Gaziantep

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Belkıs Merkez, Zeugma Antik Kenti, Belkıs Köyü/Nizip/Gaziantep

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Belkıs Merkez, Zeugma Antik Kenti, Belkıs Köyü/Nizip/Gaziantep

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Belkıs Merkez, Zeugma Antik Kenti, Belkıs Köyü/Nizip/Gaziantep

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Belkıs Merkez, Zeugma Antik Kenti, Belkıs Köyü/Nizip/Gaziantep

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Belkıs Merkez, Zeugma Antik Kenti, Belkıs Köyü/Nizip/Gaziantep

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Kasaba, RUM KALE SEYİR TERASI, Yavuzeli/Gaziantep

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Kasaba, RUM KALE SEYİR TERASI, Yavuzeli/Gaziantep

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Kasaba, RUM KALE SEYİR TERASI, Yavuzeli/Gaziantep

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Gaziantep'teki Rum Kale'nin Diğer İsimleri ve Tarihsel Hikayesi - TRT Avaz

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Eleftheroupoli

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1o ΔΣ Ελευθερούπολης

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Barbaros, Hadrian's Gate, Hadrian Kale Kapısı, Muratpaşa/Antalya

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 Fulya Pekgüzel Erdoğan-Class 7/C-Nebi Güney Secondary School                                               Hadrian's Gate, Antalya/Turkey  

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 Fulya Pekgüzel Erdoğan-Class 7/C-Nebi Güney Secondary School                                               Hadrian's Gate, Antalya/Turkey  

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Hadrian's Gate

Hadrian's Gate was built in 130 due to Roman Emperor Hadrianus in Antalya on the Ancient Port walls.The emperor entered the city through this magnificent gate. The monumental structure has managed to be preserved until today. It is one of the most valuable historical artifacts among the city's symbols.Hadrian's Gate resembles the Roman Period.There are four marble columns on both sides of the Hadrian's Gate.There are 2 towers on the sides of the three-arched door. It draws attention with its eye-catching carving and relief decorations.Although it belongs to the Roman Period, it is thought that it was built independently of the door since it has a different style in terms of architecture.

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The Basilica Cistern is one of the most important cultural assets where we can trace the traces of glorious Istanbul history. This grand underground cistern, built by Eastern Roman Emperor Justinian I (527-565), is nicknamed “Yerebatan Sarayı” (Sunken Palace) among the public due to its numerous marble columns rising from the water.

Covering an area of approximately 10,000 square meters, this colossal structure has a rectangular shape with a length of 140 meters and a width of 70 meters.According to written sources, the cistern used to distribute water from waterways and rain to the Great Palace, where the emperors resided, and the surrounding buildings, meeting the city’s water needs for hundreds of years.Inside the cistern, there are 336 columns, each measuring 9 meters in height.The Medusa heads, considered one of the most exceptional examples of Roman sculpture, have attracted great attention from visitors and have become the subject of many legends.

Following the restoration in 1987, the magnificent structure was opened to the public as a museum with the addition of a platform for visitors. Over time, it has hosted various national and international events.The museum, which hosts temporary exhibitions, contemporary art performances, cultural and artistic events, aims to create a universe for the future of art with its deep memory.

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Saint Mary´s cathedral is located in Murcia city center. It is one of the most beautiful monuments due to the baroque style. If you visit Murcia, in Spain, it is a MUST!

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Namazgah, T.C Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı Smyrna Agorası, Tarik Sari Sokağı, Konak/İzmir

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Agora Ancient City is 5 minutes away from my school

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Esma Ayça Özel Yeşilyurt Delta Primary School Smyrna Agorası, Tarik Sari Sokağı, Konak/İzmir

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Esma Ayça Özel Yeşilyurt Delta Primary School Smyrna Agorası, Tarik Sari Sokağı, Konak/İzmir

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 AGORA Ancient City is an ancient city founded in the Hellenistic period. Many historical artifacts found here that have survived to the present day date back to A.D. These are the works that were rebuilt by Marcus Aurelius, who became Emperor after the earthquake that occurred in 178.

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Acarlar, Efes Antik Kenti, Efes Harabeleri, Selçuk/İzmir

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Agora Ancient City is 1 hour away from my school

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 Esma Ayça Özel Yeşilyurt Delta Primary School Efes Antik Kenti, Efes Harabeleri, Selçuk/İZMİR

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 Esma Ayça Özel Yeşilyurt Delta Primary School Efes Antik Kenti, Efes Harabeleri, Selçuk/İZMİR

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Efes (Hittite: 𒀀𒉺𒊭 Apaša, Ancient Greek: Ἔφεσος Ephesos) was an ancient Luwian city located on the west coast of Anatolia, three kilometers southwest of the Selçuk district of today's Izmir province. The city maintained its importance during the Ionian and later Roman periods, with the beginning of Greek colonialism in Anatolia.
Agora Ancient City is 5 minutes away from my school

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Yeşilova Mound is half an hour away from my school

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Esma Ayça Özel Yeşilyurt Delta Primary School Yeşilova Höyüğü, Karacaoğlan, Bornova/İzmir

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Esma Ayça Özel Yeşilyurt Delta Primary School Yeşilova Höyüğü, Karacaoğlan, Bornova/İzmir

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 The length of the mound, which is 19 m above sea level, is approximately 200 m in the north-south direction and 150 m in the east-west direction. B.C. It took 200-300 years for the first Aegean communities to leave the region around 5700 BC. It then reveals that Southeastern Europeans began to move and settle eastward. We understand that these communities from the Chalcolithic period tried to adapt to the deteriorating environmental conditions of Western Anatolia, perhaps with simpler and primitive lifestyles. These floors are in Yassitepe III. It is represented by layers. A total of 14 settlements have been identified in the areas excavated so far in the mound, where the longest settlement dates back to the Early Bronze Age.

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parco Longola

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Primary School A.Olivetti 4th grade, an open air Museum in the town: Maglione, TORINO 

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Primary School A.Olivetti 4th grade, an open air Museum in the town: Maglione, TORINO 

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M.A.C.A.M. is an open air museum of contemporary art, located in Maglione. There are no tickets or visiting hours, as artworks are painted on the walls of the town. Artworks are made by a variety of modern and contemporary italian artists in many different media.

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Museo d'Arte Contemporanea all'Aperto di Maglione

What it is

M.A.C.A.M. is an open air museum of contemporary art, located in Maglione. There are no tickets or visiting hours, as artworks are painted on the walls of the town. Artworks are made by a variety of modern and contemporary italian artists in many different media. Many of the pieces are painted in fresco painting technique.

Location

The Museum is located in Maglione, a small farmers village in Piedmont countryside.
It is only 50 km away from Torino and 20 km away from Ivrea, and it can be easily reached by car or public transports.

See how to reach the town to plan your journey.

Guided Tours

M.A.C.A.M. organises guided tours for groups or students.

Booking is requested for guided tours. Please use our Contacts page to arrange a booking.

A Museum map is available to plan your visit.

AMI Museum

The MACAM museum, together with many other museums in the Canavese area of Piedmont, is part of the 'Anfiteatro Morenico di Ivrea' museums network.

For furhter informations please visit www.ecomuseoami.it

Accessibility

Artworks are visible along the town walls as you stroll down the streets of Maglione. Therefore it can be easily accessed by people with physical disabilities and there are no opening times, instead you can look at the works anytime.

The Fresco Laboratory is a free workshop offered to Italian Academies of Fine Arts' students. This apprenticeship is unique in Italy for the intense and indepth training that is given to the chosen artists.

Visitors can come and see young artists at work during the time of the workshop. Booking for a visit to the workshop is requested.

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MACAM - Museo d'Arte Contemporanea all'Aperto di Maglione

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M.A.C.A.M. is the Italian acronym of Open air Museum of Contemporary Art in Maglione. The Museum was born in 1985 following an initiative of Maurizio Corgnati

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Cimavilla, Cerro de Sta Catalina, Centro, 33201 Gijón, Asturias, España

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It's a big sculpture made of concrete by Eduardo Chillida.

It¨s a symbol of the city of Gijón.

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Pl. Escandalera, 17, 33003 Oviedo, Asturias, España

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La Maternidad is a scupture made of bronze by Fernando Botero. It is a must in Oviedo.

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Fine Arts Museum, Oviedo, Asturias, España

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Fine Arts Museum, Oviedo, Asturias, España

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Carlos II, painted by Carreño Miranda. You can find this portrait in the Fine Arts Museum in Oviedo.

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Mafalda statue, Oviedo, Asturias, España

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Mafalda statue, Oviedo, Asturias, España

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This is an icon in Oviedo.It is a statue of Mafalda in San Francisco Park.

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Retrato de Jovellanos en el arenal de San Lorenzo by Goya

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Retrato de Jovellanos en el arenal de San Lorenzo by Goya

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Francisco de Goya

This portrait of Jovellanos was painted by Goya. It is in the Museum of Fine Arts in Oviedo .

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 Tito Bustillo cave. Ribadesella, Asturias, España

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 Tito Bustillo cave. Ribadesella, Asturias, España

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In this prehistoric cave you can see cave paintings of horses, cows and deer.

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Santuario de Covadonga. Asturias, España

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Santuario de Covadonga. Asturias, España

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The Covadonga sanctuary is in Picos de Europa. It is one of the most important basilics in Asturias, north Spain.

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Monumento al minero. Mieres, Asturias, España

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Monumento al minero. Mieres, Asturias, España

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This is a monument to the miners , it is a sculpture made by Miguel Ángel Lombardía.

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C. P, 2, 13270 Almagro, Ciudad Real, España

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C. P, 2, 13270 Almagro, Ciudad Real, España

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C. P, 2, 13270 Almagro, Ciudad Real, España

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Almagro is thought to be one of the most beautiful villages in La Mancha. Its “Plaza Mayor” (Main square) it’s a renowned touristic place that resembles central Europe’s squares.

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The Puerta de Toledo in Ciudad Real is a historic gateway dating back to the 14th century, reflecting a mix of Gothic and Renaissance styles . It's not just a door; it's a time-traveling gate that takes us back to when knights and princesses roamed the city. It is welcoming everyone to explore the amazing stories and adventures hidden inside Ciudad Real! .

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Adana is home to two of Turkey's 13 most important bridges, with Taşköprü (meanig stone bridge in Turkish) and Varda Bridge. Taşköprü is known to be "the oldest bridge in the world still in use". When you think of Taşköprü, Adana comes to mind; When Adana is mentioned, Taşköprü comes to mind. Therefore, it would be appropriate to say that Taşköprü is the symbol of Adana.It is estimated that the stone bridge was built by the architect Auxentios during the reign of the Roman Emperor, Hadrianus. The name of this architect is included in an inscription describing the bridge in the Adana Archeology Museum.

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Süleymanlar, Cehennem Ağzı Mağaraları Sk. No:21, 67300 Ereğli/Zonguldak, Türkiye

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Süleymanlar, Cehennem Ağzı Mağaraları Sk. No:21, 67300 Ereğli/Zonguldak, Türkiye

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Süleymanlar, Cehennem Ağzı Mağaraları Sk. No:21, 67300 Ereğli/Zonguldak, Türkiye

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Seyhan Özdemir, Zonguldak Türkiye

Cehennem Ağzı Mağraları

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We present you Open Air Museum Bilotti, located in our town, an interesting collection of contemporary art sculptures. When receiving Erasmus students from Spain, we organized them a treasure hunt on this place😊

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Via Marina Arenile, 69-38, 89135 Reggio Calabria RC, Italia

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Via Marina Arenile, 69-38, 89135 Reggio Calabria RC, Italia

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Via Marina Arenile, 69-38, 89135 Reggio Calabria RC, Italia

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Riace's bronzes, in archeological museum of Reggio Calabria

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The Riace Bronzes, also known as the Riace Warriors, are a pair of bronze statues most likely sculpted in Greece in the mid-5th century BCE and rescued from the Ionian Sea near Riace Marina, Italy in 1972 CE. Slightly larger than life-size, the nude male figures represent two warriors, one older than the other, and they are considered masterpieces of Classical Greek sculpture. Restored and protected from future corrosion, they stand magnificent in their own environmentally-controlled room within the National Archaeological Museum of Reggio Calabria in southern Italy.

Discovery & Restoration

The two bronzes were miraculously discovered in the Ionian Sea off the coast of Riace Marina in southern Italy on 16 August 1972 CE. The discoverer was Stefano Mariottini, who spotted them while diving a mere 200 metres (656 ft) from the shore. Lying at a depth of just 8 metres (26 ft), Mariottini noticed an arm sticking up from the sandy seabed and, digging down to investigate, he saw that not only did it belong to a large statue but there was a second figure buried close by. Within five days, the authorities were notified and a police diving team supervised by archaeologists raised the two figures using air-inflated balloons. Further investigation of the site in 1972 and 1981 CE revealed 28 lead rings - possibly used as part of a ship's sail - and a fragment of a ship's keel containing two bronze linchpins. These artefacts likely belong to the Roman period or later. Also discovered was a fragment of the handles of one of the figure's shield. It may be that the statues sunk while the wreckage from the light ship in which they would have been transported was dispersed by the sea. Alternatively, the statues may have been jettisoned overboard to make the vessel more seaworthy during a storm.

A likely date of their transportation would be the 1st to 2nd century BCE when the Romans looted large quantities of Greek artworks.

Before going on public display, the figures underwent a laborious process of restoration in Florence, which took five years. Sand and debris were removed from their interiors and their surfaces relieved of encrustations built up over the centuries on the seafloor. The figures were restored again from 1992-5 CE and 2009-11 CE. The statues, now standing on anti-seismic marble plinths in a climatically-controlled room of their own, are on permanent display at the National Archaeological Museum of Reggio Calabria, Italy, where they have become the poster boys of southern Italy, silent ambassadors for the region's cultural heritage and identity.

Dating & Manufacture

The statues have been dated to between 460 and 450 BCE. Although there are differences in execution of style between the figures, there are also enough similarities for renowned Greek sculpture expert John Boardman to consider them probably contemporary. Other scholars suggest there may be up to 50 years time difference in their creation, while still others even suggest they date to the early Roman period. They may have been sculpted by different artists at different workshops or by different artists at the same workshop. The sculptor(s) are not known, even if many have been tempted to attribute the figures to such admired Greek sculptors as Phidias or Myron. Analysis of the materials of the statues in 1998 CE and 2006 CE suggest a link to either Attica or Argos.

The figures are now inseparable but they may have been selected and transported together simply because they looked similar rather than that they came from the same place of production. Certainly, the attachments on the feet of both statues indicate they had already been standing on plinths prior to transportation, strongly suggesting they were not shipped directly from whatever workshop they were made in. A likely date of their transportation would be the 1st to 2nd century BCE when the Romans looted large quantities of Greek artworks and transported them to Italy. Further, the coast of Calabria was on the favoured sea route between Greece and Italy. However, those who prefer a later date for their loss in the sea suggest that, after standing a few centuries in Italy, they may have been on their way from Rome to Constantinople sometime in the 4th century CE.

More certain than their provenance is their method of manufacture. The two figures are made of cast bronze. This metal was the favourite of Greek artists but, because it was always in demand for reuse in later periods, very few complete sculptures (no more than 12) have survived. Very often at ancient Greek sites, we see merely rows of bare stone plinths, silent witnesses to art's loss. The most common production of bronze statues used the lost-wax technique. This involved making a core (which could be made up of composite pieces as is the case with this pair of bronzes) almost the size of the desired figure or a part of a body if the bronze sculpture was to be assembled later. The core was then coated in wax and the details sculpted. The whole was then covered in clay fixed to the core at certain points using iron rods. The wax was then melted out and molten bronze poured into the space once occupied by the wax. When set, the clay was removed and the metal surface finished off by scraping, fine engraving and polishing.

Statue A

Both statues sport beards and both strike a very similar pose. They both have both their feet resting on the ground with the left leg slightly forward of the right, and both are turning ever so slightly to the right. The arms hang at the sides with the left arm bent and holding a shield (neither of which have survived except the handles of Statue A's). In their right arms they held, in an almost vertical position, perhaps a lance or spear (which have not survived either but the lead fixture and corresponding grooves in the arms are still clearly visible). The disappearance of the shield and weapons may be due to their probable separation from the figures while they were being transported.

Known a little unimaginatively as Statue A, the younger (in appearance) of the nude male figures stands 2.05 m (6.73 ft.) tall. The thickness of the bronze is on average 8.5 mm (0.33 inch). Statue A has a long beard - much more deeply carved than Statue B's - and he wears a band around his head, probably meant to represent the woollen band that warriors wore to cushion their bronze helmets. That the statue originally had a helmet is strongly suggested by the presence of a linchpin hole at the crown and triangular protrusions at the side of the head. However, some scholars point out that the sculpted detail of the hair, which would not have been seen under a helmet, suggests the warrior may not have worn one at all. The hole on the crown may have been for a meniskos(a pointed disk designed to keep birds from perching on the figure's head). It may also be that a helmet was added later to the sculpture, as is the case with some of the side parts of the beard.

Details of both statues are picked out using materials other than bronze. Calcite was used to make the eyes with the pupils rendered using a glass paste and tear ducts using rose-coloured stone. The nipples, eyelashes and open lips were made using copper. In the case of Statue A, the front rows of teeth are visible and made using a single strip of silver.

Statue B

Statue B is 1.98 m (6.5 ft) tall, and the bronze is a little thinner on average than in Statue A, measuring around 7.5 mm (0.3 inches). Statue B wears a Corinthian helmet pushed to the back of his head and held in place by a bronze linchpin. There are indications that the figure wears a cap under the helmet, a common habit of Greek military commanders. Statue B seems to represent an older warrior than Statue A, he seems more relaxed, perhaps wearier and wiser than the self-confident and strutting younger figure. Unfortunately, Statue B's left eye is missing its calcite and this, along with his somewhat elongated head and flatter beard, makes him seem a little less handsome than his more dashing partner. He has, in keeping with his greater battle experience, also suffered other misfortunes as his right arm and lower left forearm were restored in antiquity, as chemical analysis of the metal reveals. The upper left arm was also reworked and reattached in antiquity, probably in late Hellenistic or Roman times as indicated by the reattaching alloy used.

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The Riace Bronzes, also known as the Riace Warriors, are a pair of bronze statues most likely sculpted in Greece in the mid-5th century BCE and rescued from the Ionian Sea near Riace Marina, Italy in...

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archeological area of Hera Lacinia greek templum, Capocolonna near Crotone

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Antonio Tortora al Santuario di Hera Lacinia Capo Colonna Crotone

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TEMPIO SANTUARIO DI HERA LACINIA AUDIO VIDEO

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Castillo de Calatrava la Nueva y Sacro Convento, Aldea del Rey

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Castillo de Calatrava la Nueva y Sacro Convento, Aldea del Rey

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Castillo de Calatrava la Nueva y Sacro Convento, Aldea del Rey

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One of the most important medieval castle in our area. It is placed in Aldea del Rey (Ciudad Real)and it was built in 1213 by the Calatravos' knights to defend Christianity. Its architectural style is a transition from Romanesque to Gothic with rose windows.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?app=desktop&v=hI5ZukSkN-c

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=taOwR2Fa4l0

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Molinos de Viento de Campo de Criptana., Calle Senda Molinos, Campo de Criptana

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Molinos de Viento de Campo de Criptana., Calle Senda Molinos, Campo de Criptana

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Molinos de Viento de Campo de Criptana., Calle Senda Molinos, Campo de Criptana

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Campo de Criptana is a illage located in Castilla La Mancha, famous for the windmills of "Don Quixote".

The entire group of windmills was declared Monument of Historical-Artistic interest, which today is referred to as a Cultural Heritage Site.

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Catedral de Santa María del Prado, Calle Reyes, Ciudad Real

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Catedral de Santa María del Prado, Calle Reyes, Ciudad Real

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Catedral de Santa María del Prado, Calle Reyes, Ciudad Real

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The spanish medieval king Alfonso X, the founder of our city, created this beautiful cathedral in the centre of the city.

It was built between the 13th to 16th centuries. Its architectural style is a transit from romanesque to gothic.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mAOPhY1bjn4

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z6dH4mUlSdw

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Wawel Royal Castle

The Castle is located in Krakow. The city used to be the capital of Poland untill 1795r. The castle was built in 11th and 12th centuries and for many years it was the seat of Polish kings.

Wawel Royal Castle

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Panorama Racławicka. Oddział Muzeum Narodowego, Jana Ewangelisty Purkyniego, Wrocław

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Panorama Racławicka. Oddział Muzeum Narodowego, Jana Ewangelisty Purkyniego, Wrocław

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Panorama Racławicka. Oddział Muzeum Narodowego, Jana Ewangelisty Purkyniego, Wrocław

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The Racławice Panorama is a monumental (15 × 114 meter) cycloramic painting depicting the Battle of Racławice, during the Kościuszko Uprising.[1] It is located in Wrocław, Poland. The painting is one of only a few preserved relics of a genre of 19th-century mass culture, and the oldest in Poland. The panorama stands in a circular fashion and, with the viewer in the center, presents different scenes at various viewing angles. A special kind of perspective used in the painting and additional effects (lighting, artificial terrain) create a feeling of reality.

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Oscar Niemeyer cultural center.Avilés, Asturias, España

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Oscar Niemeyer cultural center.Avilés, Asturias, España

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The Centro Cultural Internacional Oscar Niemeyer is modern cultural center by archit

ect Oscar Niemeyer. It is located in Avilés

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Villa Romana de Veranes. Cenero, Gijón, Asturias, España

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Villa Romana de Veranes. Cenero, Gijón, Asturias, España

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In Veranes we can visit a Roman villa.

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Museo Villa Romana de Veranes | Web de Gijón

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ENTRADA GRATUITA normas de acceso (descarga pdf) ficha de accesbilidad

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Contempary Art Museum, Gallery 'Contantin Xenakis', in Serres, Greece

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Contempary Art Museum, Gallery 'Contantin Xenakis', in Serres, Greece

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Contempary Art Museum, Gallery 'Contantin Xenakis'

In May 2022 the contemporary art museum "Constantin Xenakis" was opened in Serres, Greece, to host the famous artist's works, which he domated to the city of Serres.

The premises used to host the gallery was a former military camp.

Xenakis was born in Cairo, Egypt, on 28 December 1931. He lived mainly in Paris since 1955. In 1976–77 he collaborated with the composer Jean-Yves Bosseur on the work Ornigrammes.[2]

He was made a Chevalier de l' Ordre des Arts et des Lettres in 1986. In 1996 he was awarded the Prix Delmas by the Institut de France, at the recommendation of the French Academy of Fine Arts. The Constantin Xenakis Room in the Fameck community centre was opened in 1991. In 1998 he was given an "Award of Appreciation" at the 24th Olympiad by the National Museum of Contemporary Art, Korea.

His work is held in the National Gallery of Greece[3] and the Macedonian Museum of Contemporary Art.[4]

In May 2022 the contemporary art museum "Constantin Xenakis" was opened in Serres Greece.

He died in Athens on 5 June 2020, aged 88.

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Contemporary Art Museum ‘Constantin Xenakis’, Serres, Greece

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Universidad Laboral. Gijón, Asturias, España

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Universidad Laboral. Gijón, Asturias, España

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Universidad Laboral building is the largest building in Spain. It has the highest tower in Asturias, a church, a theatre and long time ago it was a boarding school. Now it is a Cultural and Art Centre.

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Yeşil, Yeşil Türbe, 1. Yeşil Caddesi, Yıldırım/Bursa

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Sibel Bayraktar                      Hasanağa Primary School         Yeşil Türbe, 1. Yeşil Caddesi, Yıldırım/Bursa   Türkiye 

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Sibel Bayraktar                      Hasanağa Primary School         Yeşil Türbe, 1. Yeşil Caddesi, Yıldırım/Bursa   Türkiye 

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https://www.kulturportali.gov.tr/turkiye/bursa/gezilecekyer/yesil-turbe

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Biserica de Lemn Sfîntul Nicolae, Bulevardul Matei Basarab, Slobozia

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Biserica de Lemn Sfîntul Nicolae, Bulevardul Matei Basarab, Slobozia

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Biserica de Lemn Sfîntul Nicolae, Bulevardul Matei Basarab, Slobozia

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Muzeul Național al Agriculturii, Bulevardul Matei Basarab, Slobozia

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Muzeul Național al Agriculturii, Bulevardul Matei Basarab, Slobozia

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Muzeul Național al Agriculturii, Bulevardul Matei Basarab, Slobozia

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Osijek - old town Tvrđa

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Osijek uz velebnu Katedralu ima još jedan biser - Tvrđu. Jezgra je to iz koje je nastao danas najveći grad na istoku Hrvatske i uz koju su vezani brojni važni događaji iz gradske povijesti.

Osječka Tvrđa

Osijek je još od rimskog doba, kao onodobna Mursa, imao važnu ulogu kao prometno središte. Prvi puta u pisanom obliku spominje ga se 1196. godine kao ' Eszek', od čega potiče i današnji nadimak za Osječane - Essekeri. Ondašnji gradić zauzimao je upravo prostor na kojem je kasnije nastala Tvrđa.

Dolaskom Turaka, Osijek postaje jedno od ključnih mjesta na važnom prometnom pravcu od Istanbula do Budimpešte. Upravo su se odande Turci otiskivali u svoje osvajačke pohode dublje u srednju Europu. U to vrijeme, tijekom 16. stoljeća nastao je i slavni Sulejmanov most, 'osmo svjetsko čudo' kako su ga tada zvali. Kako je bilo jasno kolika je važnost imati jaku 'bazu' na tom prostoru, Turci se odlučuju na gradnju jake utvrde, u kojoj će boraviti sve do konačnog poraza 1687. godine.

Austrijske vlasti nakon ulaska u grad pristupile su radovima na osnaživanju oštećene utvrde, prije nego li su početkom 18. stoljeća službeno počeli radovi na impozantnoj vojnoj utvrdi, današnjoj Tvrđi. Zbog nizinskog položaja, uzor pri gradnji bile su nizozemske utvrde.

Početak je to organiziranoga uređenja i izgradnje grada. U gradnju je uloženo mnogo novca, a u Osijek su počele pristizati i tisuće radnika sa svih strana onodobne monarhije. Vrijeme je to kada je Osijek dobio svoj multietnički i srednjoeuropski 'štih' koji je zadržao i do danas.

Već 20-ih godina 18. stoljeća radovi su privedeni kraju, iako su u manjem opsegu nastavljeni do sredine stoljeća. Jedna od prvih cjelina koje su dobile svoje obrise bio je Trg sv. Trojstva, koji je i danas, složit će se mnogi, najljepši gradski trg. Taj prostor prvotno je nosio naziv ' Vinski trg', zbog vina koje su lokalnim stanovnicima i vojnicima ondje prodavali baranjski vinari.

Najupečatljivija zgrada na Trgu sv. Trojstva jest Zgrada straže, današnji Arheološki muzej, koja pozornost privlači svojim pomalo neobičnim oblikom. Na sredini trga nalazi se zavjetni kip sv. Trojstva, podignut nakon epidemije kuge s namjenom da zaštiti stanovništvo od povratka ove opake bolesti.

Jedna od prepoznatljivih građevina jest i crkva sv. Mihaela, smještena na Križanićevom trgu, koji je s Trgom sv. Trojstva spojen Bösendorferovom ulicom. Pored nje nalazi se nekadašnji Isusovački samostan, u kojemu je jedno vrijeme djelovala i klasična gimnazija, no kasnije je pretvoren u vojarnu.

Veliki trag u Tvrđi i Osijeku ostavio je drugi redovnički red - franjevci. Oni su svoje djelovanje započeli gotovo odmah nakon oslobađanja od Turaka te su tijekom 18. stoljeća odigrali ključnu ulogu u obrazovnom i kulturnom životu Osijeka. Velik broj franjevaca radio je u gradskoj klasičnoj gimnaziji, vodili su dvije visoke škole, a bavili su se i tiskarstvom. Tako je upravo iz osječkih franjevačkih redova potekao jedan od vodećih hrvatskih prosvjetitelja, Matija Petar Katančić, u povijesti zapamćen i kao autor prvog cjelovitog prijevoda Biblije na hrvatski jezik.

Barokna Tvrđa je tijekom 18. stoljeća dobila i četvero bedemskih vratiju - Vodena, Nova, Valpovačka i, najkasnije izgrađena, Carska vrata. Zajedno s masivnim zidinama, činila su doista impresivnu utvrdu. No, odlukom Josipa II. 1783. godine, vojno zapodvjedništvo za Slavoniju i Srijem seli iz Osijeka u Petrovaradin te Tvrđa počinje gubiti svoju osnovnu namjenu.

Stotinjak godina kasnije pojavljuju se zahtjevi za rušenjem zidina zbog kočenja razvoja grada. Takve intervencije spriječio je car Franjo Josip I., no samo na neko vrijeme. Tako je 1923., nakon što je Austro-Ugarska već neko vrijeme bila samo povijesni pojam, odlučeno da se kreće u rušenje bedema. Od četiriju vrata, ostala su samo Vodena vrata s vodotornjem, a od bastiona zvjezdolike utvrde očuvani su tek prvi ( bastion sv. Karla) i sedmi ( bastion sv. Eugenija).

Uvrštenje na UNESCO-ov Popis svjetske baštine

Iako je spomenuto širenje grada imalo za posljedicu uklanjanje velikog dijela obrambenih zidina, Tvrđa je i danas impresivan spomenik s ogromnim, no još uvijek uglavnom neiskorištenim, turističkim potencijalom. Ne čudi stoga što se veliki trud ulaže u prijave Tvrđe za uvrštenje na UNESCO-ov Popis zaštićene svjetske baštine. Od 2005. godine Tvrđa se nalazi na popisu potencijalnih upisa, pa se možemo nadati da nećemo dugo čekati dok bude uvrštena i na 'pravi' popis.

U tome bi mogao pomoći i 'novi' adut, odnosno podzemni hodnici i tuneli koje se nedavno počelo intenzivnije istraživati. Iako su trenutačno u dosta lošem stanju, njihovim uređivanjem dobio bi se vrlo atraktivan prostor za različite namjene, a podzemne šetnje zasigurno bi posebno zanimljive bile turistima te bi Tvrđu učinile još atraktivnijom nego što je to sada.

Provjerite cijene smještaja u Osijeku

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Saznajte više o osječkoj Tvrđi, jednoj od najvažnijih znamenitosti u Hrvatskoj - slike, što pogledati, povijest, zanimljivosti te prikaz na karti.

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Vučedolska golubica

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Jedinstven muzej poput kulture koju predstavlja

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Folk dance in Bizovac

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Vladimir Džanko

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akvareli akvareli tempera akademija art stanko špoljarić pasteli akvareli klasicno slikarstvo akademski slikar likovnih umjetnosti glas slavonije umjetnine

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Bista Adolfa Waldingera u Sakuntala parku, Osijek.

Najznačajniji je slikar osječke sredine 19. stoljeća. Podrijetlom iz imućne osječke obitelji. Kod osječkog slikara Huga Conrada von Hötzendorfa učio je slikati olovkom i u akvarelu. Od 1862. godine do 1868. pohađao je bečku Akademiju lijepih umjetnosti, a u tom vremenu proputovao je Njemačkom, Austrijom i Italijom.

U Osijek se vratio 1869. i u potonjih 10 godina radi kao profesor na realnoj gimnaziji. To je i vrijeme njegovog slikarskog vrhunca i grafičke majstorije. Nastali likovni opus osigurao mu je karakteristiku neobičnog portretiste Slavonije. Umrijet će sam i neshvaćen da bi se tek nakon mnogo godina kasnije prepoznala vrijednost njegovog slikarstva.

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Najznačajniji je slikar osječke sredine 19. stoljeća. Podrijetlom iz imućne osječke obitelji. Kod osječkog slikara Huga Conrada von Hötzendorfa učio je slikati olovkom i u akvarelu. Od 1862. godine do 1868. pohađao je bečku Akademiju lijepih umjetnosti, a u tom vremenu proputovao je Njemačkom, Austrijom i Italijom. U Osijek se vratio 1869.

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International artist in Osijek

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Zoran Šimunović lives and works as a freelance artist in the city Osijek, Croatia. He won the rector's award for the best student in the academic year 2010/2011. in 2012, he won the first prize of the sony awards for short movies with the cinemactic work titled "Book" in Sarajevo. Represented in over 25 solo exhibitions and more than 35 group exhibitions in museums and galleries.

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Zoran Šimunović: The Artist Behind the Canvas

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Discover the life, inspiration, and artistic evolution of Zoran Šimunović in his About page. Delve into the world behind the extraordinary artistry.

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Female artist from Osijek - Helena Janečić

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painting slikarstvo paintings slikarica croatia art likovnih umjetnosti saatchi art artists

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Josip Alebić - most famous artist in Osijek

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Josip Alebić

Josip Alebić, mag. ak. slikar, rođen je 1945. u Osijeku. Završio gimnaziju u Osijeku. Diplomirao Akademiju likovnih umetnosti u Beogradu 1971. i postdiplomski studij slikarstva kod prof. Stojana Celica 1974. 1974 član HDLU - a Zagreb, a od 1975. član ULUBiH-e. Bio asistent i docent na Akademiji likovnih umjetnosti u Sarajevu, a sada u zvanju izvanrednog profesora. Sudjeluje u osnivanju i radu Umjetnicke akademije u Osijeku u svojstvu vanjskog suradnika, te vršio dužnosti privremenog dekana Umjetničke akademije u Osijeku. Živi i radi u Osijeku i Sarajevu.

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HDLU - Hrvatsko društvo likovnih umjetnika

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Josip Alebić, mag. ak. slikar, rođen je 1945. u Osijeku. Završio gimnaziju u Osijeku. Diplomirao Akademiju likovnih umetnosti u Beogradu 1971. i postdiplomski studij slikarstva kod prof. Stojana Celica 1974. 1974 član HDLU - a Zagreb, a od 1975. član ULUBiH-e. Bio asistent i docent na Akademiji likovnih umjetnosti u Sarajevu, a sada u zvanju izvanrednog profesora.

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The Lion of Amphipolis is the registered symbol for the entire prefecture of Serres and is nothing more than a burial monument of war glory and memory. The Lion of Amphipolis is a masterpiece of ancient Greek plastic work from the 4th century BC.

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Parthenon is a great big building that was made in 5th Century BC. It used to have bright colours but now it is just white. It's also the temple of thw goddess Athena. It is a great place to visit because it is intresting and you can learn from it too !!!

Stellina!

kalypso!

The 45th Primary School Peristeri

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Parthenon drone, acropolis/ Athens Aerial, Greece - ἀκρόπολις

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Castelul Bran, Strada General Traian Moșoiu, Bran

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Castelul Bran, Strada General Traian Moșoiu, Bran

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Castelul Bran, Strada General Traian Moșoiu, Bran

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After 1918, Transylvania became part of Greater Romania. On December 1st 1920, the citizens of Brașov, through a unanimous decision of the city’s council, led by Mayor Karl Schnell, offered the castle to Queen Maria of Romania, who was described in the deed as “the great queen who (…) spreads her blessing everywhere she walked, thus wining, with an irresistible momentum, the hearts of the entire country’s population”.

The Castle became a favourite residence of Queen Maria, who restored and arranged it to be used as a residence of the royal family.

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The Medieval Seat Fortress of Suceava (Romanian: Cetatea Medievală de Scaun a Sucevei or Cetatea Sucevei; German: Sotschen Festung or Festung Suceava)[2] is a fortified castle in the middle-sized town of Suceava, the county seat town of Suceava County, situated in the historical regions of Bukovina and Moldavia, northeastern Romania.

The castle served as the royal seat fortress for the Princes of Moldavia (Romanian: Domnitori or Domni) during the late Middle Ages. Nowadays, it is a tourist attraction of Suceava. It has been further renovated through a REGIO programme based on European Union (EU) funds.[3] The Medieval Seat Fortress of Suceava is also a historic monument officially listed by the Ministry of Culture of Romania.[4]

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Przedszkole Publiczne nr 2 w Skoczowie

Agnieszka Ślęzak

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Muzeum Współczesne, plac Strzegomski, Wrocław

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Muzeum Współczesne, plac Strzegomski, Wrocław

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Muzeum Współczesne, plac Strzegomski, Wrocław

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Muzeum Sztuki w Łodzi MS1, Gdańska, Łódź

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Muzeum Sztuki w Łodzi MS1, Gdańska, Łódź

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Muzeum Sztuki w Łodzi MS1, Gdańska, Łódź

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Muzeum Sztuki Nowoczesnej w Warszawie (Muzeum nad Wisłą), Wybrzeże Kościuszkowskie, Warszawa

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Muzeum Sztuki Nowoczesnej w Warszawie (Muzeum nad Wisłą), Wybrzeże Kościuszkowskie, Warszawa

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Muzeum Sztuki Nowoczesnej w Warszawie (Muzeum nad Wisłą), Wybrzeże Kościuszkowskie, Warszawa

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Tauragės Martyno Mažvydo pagrindinė mokykla, Prezidento gatvė, Tauragė, Tauragė District Municipality

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Tauragės Martyno Mažvydo pagrindinė mokykla, Prezidento gatvė, Tauragė, Tauragė District Municipality

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Tauragės Martyno Mažvydo pagrindinė mokykla, Prezidento gatvė, Tauragė, Tauragė District Municipality

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We have wonderful river Jūra in our town.