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I attended the Project Briefing Session (Taklimat Projek Sesi I: 2025/2026) conducted by Puan Rahmah Binti Khamis, Puan Farhana Binti Norazman, and Dr. Noor Anniesafina Binti Zainal. They explained the project requirements, assessment methods, and guidelines such as preparing the abstract, list of components, flowchart, block diagram, and schematic circuit. The session gave me a clearer understanding of the project expectations and how to manage the work effectively.

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Takwim Projek Pelajar DEE50102 Project 2 sesi 1_2025_2026

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I made a price comparison of the components before purchasing them. From the comparison, it was clear that buying online through Shopee is much cheaper compared to a physical store. Online platforms also provide a wider selection of products, various sellers to compare from, and frequent promotions or discounts. However, physical stores still offer the advantage of checking the product quality directly and getting immediate support or replacement if any issues arise. This comparison helped me make a more informed decision in planning my project budget.

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The SmartBaby Car Seat wiring diagram shows how various components are connected to an Arduino Uno to create a safety system that detects a baby’s presence and sends alerts. It includes a load cell with HX711 for weight sensing, an IR sensor for motion detection, an LED and buzzer for visual and audio alerts, and an ESP8266 WiFi module for remote notifications. This setup combines embedded systems and IoT to enhance child safety through real-time monitoring and wireless communication.

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I assembled and tested this PCB myself, securing it in the vise for stable soldering and connecting the wires for power and data transmission as part of my SmartBaby Car Seat project.

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SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF ARDUINO-BASED DETECTION AND ALERT SYSTEM

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SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF ARDUINO-BASED DETECTION AND ALERT SYSTEM

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The circuit uses an Arduino Uno as the main controller, connected with HX711 and load cell for weight measurement and an IR sensor for object detection. The ESP32 provides IoT connectivity, while outputs such as buzzer and LED act as alarms and indicators. Power is regulated at 5V and 3.3V, with all grounds connected for stability.

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The coding is used to control the system by integrating the sensors, buzzer, and microcontrollers. It defines the input from the load cell and IR sensor, processes the data using Arduino/ESP32, and activates outputs such as the buzzer or LED when certain conditions are met. The program also includes additional functions like playing a melody and storing calibration data in EEPROM for accuracy.

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Detects the presence of the baby (movement or object nearby).

The LED lights up as an indicator when the sensor is triggered.

Helps ensure the baby is properly seated.

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Measures the weight of the baby on the seat.

Ensures that the system can detect if the baby is present or not.

Used to monitor safety and prevent leaving the baby unattended.

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Amplifies the tiny signal from the load cell.

Sends accurate digital data to the Arduino Uno.

The Arduino processes the data for the smart baby seat system.

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This week, I tested how well the hardware and software worked together. I fixed small issues like loose connections and timing delays. I also checked the system’s accuracy under different temperature conditions to make sure it responds reliably.

To improve the design, I cleaned up the breadboard layout and started planning a more stable setup using a donut board or PCB. These steps helped me get closer to a working and safe prototype.

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ALERT TONE REFINEMENT & SAFETY LOGIC PLANNING

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ALERT TONE REFINEMENT & SAFETY LOGIC PLANNING

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This week, I focused on improving the alert system for the SmartBaby Car Seat project. I refined the buzzer coding by replacing the previous melody with a clear and simple alert tone. This change was made to improve functionality and create a stronger sense of urgency when the system detects unsafe temperature levels.

Following my supervisor’s advice, I also surveyed and compared different DHT11 temperature sensor options. I looked into factors like accuracy, stability, and compatibility with the ESP32 board to ensure the sensor would perform reliably in real-world conditions.

In addition, I planned the logic for temperature-based alerts. This includes setting threshold values and delay timing to avoid false alarms, while still ensuring the system responds quickly to overheating risks. These improvements are part of my goal to make the SmartBaby Car Seat safer and more dependable.

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BUZZER LOGIC FINALIZATION & DHT11 PREPARATION

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BUZZER LOGIC FINALIZATION & DHT11 PREPARATION

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This week, I finalized the buzzer alert logic by replacing the previous melody with a clear and consistent tone. After multiple tests, I confirmed that the sound is now more suitable for urgent alerts and works reliably during temperature simulations.

Following the component survey from Week 7, I decided to purchase the DHT11 temperature sensor online. I chose this model based on its compatibility with the ESP32 and its ability to provide stable readings for my project needs.

While waiting for the sensor to arrive, I began preparing the wiring and coding plan to integrate the DHT11 into the system. This includes assigning the correct GPIO pins, planning the temperature threshold logic, and ensuring the buzzer activates only when necessary. These steps are part of my goal to enhance the safety features of the SmartBaby Car Seat system.

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This week, I reviewed and tested all existing wiring connections to ensure stable performance across the system. I focused on identifying any loose or faulty contacts that could affect sensor readings or buzzer response. After careful inspection and minor adjustments, the system ran more reliably during testing.

I also organized the layout on the breadboard to make it cleaner and easier to troubleshoot. As part of the next phase, I began planning the transition to a PCB for a more permanent and professional setup. This includes evaluating the current component arrangement and preparing for soldering once the design is finalized.

In preparation for the arrival of the DHT11 sensor I ordered online, I created a pin mapping and integration plan. This will help ensure smooth installation and coding once the component arrives, minimizing setup time and reducing errors.

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DHT11 INTEGRATION & NOTIFICATION LOGIC EXPLORATION

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DHT11 INTEGRATION & NOTIFICATION LOGIC EXPLORATION

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This week, I successfully installed and tested the DHT11 temperature sensor on the ESP32 board. Using the serial monitor, I confirmed that the sensor provided accurate and stable temperature readings, which is essential for the SmartBaby Car Seat’s safety system.

After confirming the sensor’s performance, I updated the wiring layout to include the DHT11. I ensured proper connections for VCC, GND, and the data pin, and labeled each clearly to avoid confusion during future troubleshooting or documentation.

I also explored notification options using the Blynk app. The goal is to implement escalation logic that sends alerts when unsafe temperature levels are detected. This adds a remote monitoring feature to the system, making it more practical and responsive in real-world scenarios.

These steps mark a major milestone in integrating environmental sensing and alert logic into the project.

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The first DHT11 sensor gave inaccurate readings, showing temperatures around 40°C in normal conditions. After checking the wiring and code, I confirmed the sensor was faulty and decided to replace it with a new one for reliable results.

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The device is successfully connected to the mobile app and shows “Online” status. It’s registered under my account and ready for future automation features like remote alerts.

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For this part, I only tested two conditions because the DHT11 sensor was faulty, so I couldn’t proceed with the temperature condition.

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NEW DHT11 SENSOR & TEMPERATURE CONDITION TESTING

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NEW DHT11 SENSOR & TEMPERATURE CONDITION TESTING

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After purchasing a new DHT11 sensor from a physical store, I successfully installed and tested it on the ESP32 board. The readings were accurate and stable, allowing me to proceed with more temperature-based condition testing for the SmartBaby Car Seat system. This marks a key step in improving the reliability of the safety logic.

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SENSOR INTEGRATION – COMPACT PROTOTYPE ASSEMBLY

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SENSOR INTEGRATION – COMPACT PROTOTYPE ASSEMBLY

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I assembled a compact prototype using a wooden board to mount key components: DHT11 sensor, IR sensor, buzzer, and LED. This setup allows me to test environmental monitoring and alert features in one place, using a donut board for layout planning before finalizing the wiring. It’s part of my effort to validate system logic in a practical and organized way.

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MANUAL SWITCH – SIMULATING CAR POWER-OFF CONDITION

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MANUAL SWITCH – SIMULATING CAR POWER-OFF CONDITION

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Since I couldn’t find a reliable way to detect when the car is turned off, I added a manual toggle switch to simulate that condition. When the switch is turned ON, it acts as if the car has been turned OFF, allowing the system to respond accordingly. This helps me test the SmartBaby Car Seat logic without needing direct integration with the car’s ignition system.

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I focused on soldering components onto a donut board to create a stable and compact version of the SmartBaby Car Seat system. I used tools like a soldering iron, multimeter, and jumper wires to connect modules such as the DHT11 sensor, IR sensor, buzzer, and LED. This hands-on process helps ensure reliable connections and prepares the system for real-world testing.

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All core components—IR sensor, DHT11, ESP32, LED, buzzer, and donut board—were successfully integrated into a complete Smart Baby Car Seat System. The IR sensor reliably detected baby presence, while the DHT11 monitored ambient temperature in real time. The ESP32 processed both sensor inputs and triggered LED and buzzer alerts under unsafe conditions, such as overheating.

IoT connectivity was tested using the Blynk app, which consistently delivered real-time notifications to smartphones. Full system trials confirmed that all functions operated reliably, meeting the project’s safety objectives and validating the system’s readiness for deployment.

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HIGH TEMPERATURE ALERT VIA BLYNK NOTIFICATION

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HIGH TEMPERATURE ALERT VIA BLYNK NOTIFICATION

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The system successfully triggered real-time alerts when unsafe temperature conditions were detected while the baby was present in the car. Using the Blynk app, repeated notifications were sent to the caregiver’s smartphone, clearly stating “High temperature! Baby in the car!” This demonstrates the system’s effectiveness in monitoring environmental conditions and ensuring immediate awareness to prevent heat-related risks. The alert mechanism reinforces the safety objective of the Smart Baby Seat System.

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The Smart Baby Seat System successfully detected the baby’s presence and confirmed that the surrounding temperature was within a safe range. Through the Blynk app interface, a real-time notification was sent to the caregiver’s smartphone stating “Baby detected, temperature is safe.” This demonstrates the system’s ability to monitor both occupancy and environmental conditions, ensuring peace of mind and proactive safety assurance.

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 FINAL PRESENTATION SUCCESS – SMART BABY SEAT

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 FINAL PRESENTATION SUCCESS – SMART BABY SEAT

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Successfully presented the Smart Baby Car Seat System to the evaluation panel. All core functions were demonstrated, including IR sensor detection for baby presence, DHT11 temperature monitoring, ESP32 data processing, LED and buzzer alerts, and real-time notifications via the Blynk app.

The system operated smoothly throughout the presentation, with alerts responding accurately to test conditions. This final showcase reflected the dedication invested in development, testing, and thorough documentation. A proud moment marking the completion of a safety-focused innovation.

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REAL-WORLD PROTOTYPE – SMART BABY CAR SEAT SYSTEM

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REAL-WORLD PROTOTYPE – SMART BABY CAR SEAT SYSTEM

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This image shows the physical prototype of the Smart Baby Seat , built using a commercial infant car seat as the foundation. The seat is equipped with integrated sensors and electronics, including IR detection, temperature monitoring, and alert modules. The system is designed to detect baby presence and monitor environmental conditions, triggering alerts via buzzer, LED, and Blynk notifications when unsafe scenarios occur. This real-world setup demonstrates the practical application of the project and its commitment to enhancing child safety in vehicles.

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CUSTOM MONITORING MODULE – SMART BABY SEAT 

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CUSTOM MONITORING MODULE – SMART BABY SEAT 

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This image showcases the custom-built electronics module developed for the Smart Baby Seat . Housed in a compact casing, the unit integrates key components including the DHT11 temperature sensor, IR detection module, buzzer, LED indicator, and ESP32 microcontroller. The toggle switch and USB interface allow for easy activation and power supply. This module serves as the core of the system, enabling real-time monitoring of baby presence and environmental conditions, with alerts triggered through sound, light, and Blynk notifications. The design reflects practical prototyping and hands-on integration of embedded systems.

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DESIGN ASSESSMENT OF SMART BABY SEAT PROTOTYPE

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DESIGN ASSESSMENT OF SMART BABY SEAT PROTOTYPE

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Size & Dimension – The prototype is designed to fit standard vehicle seats, measuring approximately 45 cm (W) × 65 cm (H) × 50 cm (D), ensuring proper support for infants aged 0–3 years.

Model Layout & Design – Features a protective outer frame, ergonomic seating area, and a side mounting bracket for secure installation, with a centrally positioned harness system for balanced restraint.

Model Labelling – Includes the “My Kingdom” branding with a crown symbol, with space for additional labels such as sensor zones, emergency indicators, and QR onboarding points.

Safety Features – Equipped with a 5‑point harness, rigid protective frame, and designated space for emergency stop mechanisms or sensor alerts to enhance child safety.

User‑Friendly – Designed for easy operation with visible buckles, adjustable straps, and smooth surfaces, allowing parents to secure and release the child quickly and comfortably.

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This Arduino-based code integrates the ESP32 microcontroller with the Blynk IoT platform to enable real-time monitoring and alerting. It uses an IR sensor to detect motion (baby presence), a DHT11 sensor to measure temperature, and controls LED and buzzer outputs based on safety thresholds. Notifications are sent to the Blynk app when unsafe conditions are detected or when the baby is safely monitored. The system includes Wi-Fi connectivity, event logging, and error handling for sensor failures, ensuring reliable operation and timely alerts for caregivers.

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This schematic illustrates the electronic layout of the Smart Baby Seat using an ESP32 microcontroller. It connects key components including an IR sensor for motion detection, a DHT11 sensor for temperature monitoring, a manual switch, a buzzer, and an LED for visual and audio alerts. The circuit is designed to detect the presence of a baby, monitor environmental conditions, and trigger safety responses through the buzzer and LED. This layout supports real-time IoT integration and ensures reliable operation for child safety during travel.