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The artifact I found is from YouTube and describes an implantable device that senses glucose levels and automatically releases insulin. The target audience for this headline is the general public because it was broadcasted on the news. The information provided in this headline is evidence based because in a scholarly article, MIT discussed this implantable device and mentioned it as a living medical device that doesn’t need manual assistance (https://news.mit.edu/2023/implantable-device-enable-injection-free-control-diabetes-0918). This device would improve public health by allowing the diabetic more freedom and less manual labor in regulating glucose levels. In relation to diversity, equity, and inclusion; the trial is currently being implanted on mice. So, there is no clear way to tell if there any restrictions for diabetics receiving this treatment.

Anne Trafton  |  MIT News. (2023, September 18). An implantable device could enable injection-free control of diabetes. MIT News | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. https://news.mit.edu/2023/implantable-device-enable-injection-free-control-diabetes-0918

YouTube. (2022a, May 30). New insulin regulating implant helps type 1 diabetes patients. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HkjOXXlPevo

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New insulin regulating implant helps type 1 diabetes patients

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Vertex Pharmaceutical's Trial for Improved Glucose Control 

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Vertex Pharmaceutical's Trial for Improved Glucose Control 

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The artifact I found is from YouTube and discusses firsthand outcomes from a patient in a Vertex clinical trial to improve type 1 diabetes treatment/ management. The target audience is the general public because it was broadcasted on Good Morning America. This artifact is evidence based because a scholarly article written from the OSU College of Medicine discusses Brian Shelton and his current lifestyle after the clinical trial with Vertex Pharmaceuticals (https://medicine.osu.edu/departments/internal-medicine/dmrc/newsletter/december-2021/in-the-news). This clinical trial improves public health because it potentiates a cure for the millions of individuals with type 1 diabetes. In relation to diversity, equity, and inclusion; the trial is small scale and not yet out to the public. However, there is no mention of any restrictions for diabetics receiving this treatment.

“Ohio man appears to be first in the world to be cured of type 1 diabetes”: Ohio State College of Medicine. College of Medicine. (2021, December). https://medicine.osu.edu/departments/internal-medicine/dmrc/newsletter/december-2021/in-the-news

YouTube. (2021, December 6). Possible new medical breakthrough gives hope for people with type 1 diabetes L GMA. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zgd2g-SICIc

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Possible new medical breakthrough gives hope for people with Type 1 diabetes l GMA

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Lantidra: Decreased Donor Cell Therapy Treatment

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Lantidra: Decreased Donor Cell Therapy Treatment

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This artifact discusses Lantidra, the first allogeneic islet cellular therapy made from deceased donor cells for the treatment of type 1 diabetes. I found this website off a google search and the target audience seems to be for diabetic researchers and the general public. The data provided in this artifact is evidence based because a scholarly article written by the FDA discusses Lantidra and its benefits as well (https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-approves-first-cellular-therapy-treat-patients-type-1-diabetes). This therapy would improve public health because it provides individuals with type 1 diabetes an additional treatment option to help reach regulated glucose levels. Cost of this treatment may become an issue regarding diversity, inclusion, and equity. However, there are no known age restrictions related to the administration of this therapy to type 1 diabetics.

FDA. (2023, June 28). FDA approves first cellular therapy to treat patients with type 1 diabetes. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-approves-first-cellular-therapy-treat-patients-type-1-diabetes

Sommi, A. (2023, July 5). FDA approves Lantidra, the first ever cell therapy for type 1 diabetes. diaTribe. https://diatribe.org/fda-approves-lantidra-first-ever-cell-therapy-type-1-diabetes

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This artifact describes a trial cell therapy program called VX-264. The therapy uses stem cell derived pancreatic islet cells (to transplant destroyed beta cells in diabetics) and an immunoprotective device eliminates the need for immunosuppression. I found this artifact on twitter and the target audience seems to be large corporations and businessmen judging by this user’s profile and other tweets. This artifact is evidence based because a scholarly source addressed VX-264 stating, “After 270 days, the first patient to receive an infusion of insulin-producing stem cells was declared insulin independent with an HbA1c of 5.2 percent” (Vieira, 2023) (https://t1dexchange.org/vertex-vx264-t1d-human-trials/). This therapy has the potential to improve public health because it is in the early stages of being the cure to type 1 diabetes. The trial is still at a small scale right now, however, there is no mention of any boundaries of treatment regarding equity, inclusion, and diversity.

Dunn, A. (2023, August 1). New: Vertex says it has dosed the first patient with its next type 1 diabetes cell therapy program, vx-264uses a device rather than immunosuppressants to hide cells from immune system. $VRTXHTTPS://T.CO/jzsqaat7jr. Twitter. https://twitter.com/AndrewE_Dunn/status/1686467931528404992

Vieira, G. (2023, June 27). Type 1 diabetes stem cell therapy gets Greenlight for Human Trials. T1D Exchange. https://t1dexchange.org/vertex-vx264-t1d-human-trials/

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FreeStyle LibreLink: Continuous Glucose Monitoring System

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FreeStyle LibreLink: Continuous Glucose Monitoring System

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This artifact discusses the FreeStyle LibreLink, which allows you to use an app and a continuous glucose monitor to track and trend your glucose levels over time. I found this artifact on Instagram and judging by the ad, this device seems to target an adolescent & older diabetic population. This artifact is evidence based and using a scholarly source, I found that this device is only indicated for clients 18 and older (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5898159/). This device benefits public health because it allows for better management of this disorder. In relation to diversity, equity, and inclusion, the LibreLink is only intended for ages 18 and over. This company should consider making a user-friendly device like this for diabetics of younger ages as well.

Abbott on Instagram: “our Freestyle LibreLink app: Where cutting-edge health tech meets every day needs. now approved in the U.S. for compatible iphones. #abbott #lifetothefullest #dtech #diabetes #freestylelibre #t1d #t2d #typeone #typetwo #tech #monitor #glucose important safety info: Https://www.freestylelibre.us/safety-information.html.” Instagram. (2018, November 1). https://www.instagram.com/p/Bpp1TSMAO7v/

Blum, A. (2018, April). Freestyle Libre Glucose Monitoring System. Clinical diabetes : a publication of the American Diabetes Association. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5898159/

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Abbott on Instagram: "Our FreeStyle LibreLink app: where cutting-edge health tech meets every day needs. Now approved in the U.S. for compatible iPhones. #abbott #lifetothefullest #dtech #diabetes #FreeStyleLibre #T1D #T2D #typeone #typetwo #tech #monitor #glucose 
Important safety info: https://www.freestylelibre.us/safety-information.html"

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513 likes, 111 comments - abbottglobal on November 1, 2018: "Our FreeStyle LibreLink app: where cutting-edge health tech meets every day needs. Now approved i..."

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Omnipod: Tubeless, Automated Insulin Delivery

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Omnipod: Tubeless, Automated Insulin Delivery

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I found this artifact on the “Omnipod” website, and the page markets a tubeless, automated insulin delivery system called Omnipod 5. This new tech allows for a type 1 diabetic to use smartphone assisted insulin delivery and removes tube delivery & manual injections from the daily life of this population. The target audience for this marketing is any type 1 diabetic or parent assisting their child with a diabetic lifestyle. The artifact is evidence based and thanks to new systems such as this, “insulin pump use increased to 63% of patients” (Cobry, 2020) (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8097502/). This automated glucose control system improves public health by making management of diabetes that much easier for the community. This tech supports equity, inclusion, and diversity because the device is available to any type 1 diabetic that wants to switch to omnipod and continuous glucose monitoring.

Cobry, E. C., Berget, C., Messer, L. H., & Forlenza, G. P. (2020, August 11). Review of the omnipod® 5 automated glucose control system powered by HorizonTM for the treatment of type 1 diabetes. Therapeutic delivery. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8097502/

Simplify Lifewith Omnipod® 5. Omnipod. (n.d.). https://www.omnipod.com/simplify/omnipod-5?utm_source=google&utm_medium=paid&utm_campaign=prso-aw&utm_content=nb-pump&ctoken=7012J000001gYaiQAE&utm_id=7418150636&ad_group_id=86146130853&gad=1

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*Fingersticks required for diabetes treatment decisions if symptoms or expectations do not match readings.
† For a list of compatible smartphone devices visit omnipod.com/compatibility.

1. Study in 80 people with T1D aged 2 5.9 years involving 2 weeks standard diabetes therapy followed by 3 months Omnipod 5 use in Automated Mode. Average time in Target Glucose range (from CGM) for standard therapy vs Omnipod 5 = 57.2% vs. 68.1%. Average time in Target Glucose range (6AM 12AM) from CGM in standard therapy vs Omnipod 5 = 58.2% vs. 64.3%. Average time in Tar get Glucose range (12AM 6AM) from CGM in standard therapy vs. Omnipod 5 = 60.6% vs 82.4%. Average overnight time (12AM 6AM) with high blood glucose in adults/adol escents and children for standard therapy vs. Omnipod 5 = 32.1% vs. 20.7%; 42.2% vs. 20.7%. Average day time (6AM 12AM) with high blood glucose in adults/adolescents and children for standard therapy vs. Omnip od 5 = 32.6% vs. 26.1%; 46.4% vs. 33.4%. Median overnight time (12AM 6AM) with low blood glucose in adults/adolescents and children for standard therapy vs. Omnipod 5 = 2.07% vs. 0.82%; 0.78% vs. 0.78%. Media n d ay time (6AM 12AM) with low blood glucose in adults/adolescents and children for standard therapy vs. Omnipod 5 = 1.91% vs. 1.08%; 1.17% vs. 1.62%. Average A1c in standard therapy vs. Omnipod 5 = 7.4% vs. 6.9%. Sherr JL, et al. Diabetes Care (2022).
2. Study in 240 people with T1D aged 6 70 years involving 2 weeks standard diabetes therapy followed by 3 months Omnipod 5 use in Automated Mode. Average time in Target Glucose range (from CGM) for standard therapy vs Omnipod 5 in adults/adolescents and children = 64.7% vs. 73.9%; 52.5% vs. 68.0%. Average day time (6AM 12AM) in Targe t Glucose range (from CGM) in adults/adolescents and children for standard therapy vs Omnipod 5 = 64.8% vs. 72.5%; 51.5% vs. 64.6%. Average overnight (12AM 6AM) in Target Glucose range (from CGM) in adults/adole scents and children for standard therapy vs Omnipod 5 = 64.3% vs. 78.1%; 55.3% vs. 78.1%. Average time with high blood glucose overnight from CGM in standard therapy vs. Omnipod 5 = 38.4% vs. 16.9%. Average time wit h h igh blood during daytime from CGM in standard therapy vs. Omnipod 5 = 39.7% vs. 33.7%. Average time with low blood glucose overnight from CGM in standard therapy vs. Omnipod 5 = 3.41% vs. 2.13%. Ave rage time with low blood glucose during daytime from CGM in standard therapy vs. Omnipod 5 = 3.44% vs. 2.57%. Average A1c in adults/adolescents and children, standard therapy vs. Omnipod 5 = 7.16% vs 6.78%; 7.67% vs 6.99%. Brown et al. Diabetes Care (2021).

Risk Statement

The Omnipod 5 Automated Insulin Delivery System is indicated for use by individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus in persons 2 years of age and older. The Omnipod 5 System is intended for single patient, home use and requires a prescription. The Omnipod 5 System is compatible with the following U-100 insulins: NovoRapid®, Humalog®, and Admelog®.The Omnipod 5 Pump (Pod) is intended for the subcutaneous delivery of insulin, at set and variable rates, for the management of diabetes mellitus in persons requiring insulin. The Omnipod 5 Pump is able to reliably and securely communicate with compatible, digitally connected devices, including automated insulin dosing software, to receive, execute, and confirm commands from these devices. SmartAdjust™ technology is intended for use with compatible integrated continuous glucose monitors (iCGM) and to automatically increase, decrease, and pause delivery of insulin based on current and predicted glucose values. The Omnipod 5 SmartBolus Calculator is intended to calculate a suggested bolus dose based on user-entered carbohydrates, most recent sensor glucose value (or blood glucose reading if using fingerstick), rate of change of the sensor glucose (if applicable), insulin on board (IOB), and programmable correction factor, insulin to carbohydrate ratio, and target glucose value.

WARNING: SmartAdjust technology should NOT be used by anyone under the age of 2 years old. SmartAdjust technology should also NOT be used in people who require less than 5 units of insulin per day as the safety of the technology has not been evaluated in this population.The Omnipod 5 System is NOT recommended for people who are unable to monitor glucose as recommended by their healthcare provider, are unable to maintain contact with their healthcare provider, are unable to use the Omnipod 5 System according to instructions, are taking hydroxyurea as it could lead to falsely elevated CGM values and result in over-delivery of insulin that can lead to severe hypoglycemia, and do NOT have adequate hearing and/or vision to allow recognition of all functions of the Omnipod 5 System, including alerts, alarms, and reminders. Device components including the Pod, CGM transmitter, and CGM sensor must be removed before Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Computed Tomography (CT) scan, or diathermy treatment. In addition, the Controller and smartphone should be placed outside of the procedure room. Exposure to MRI, CT, or diathermy treatment can damage the components. Visit www.omnipod.com/safety for additional important safety information.

WARNING: DO NOT start to use the Omnipod 5 System or change settings without adequate training and guidance from a healthcare provider. Initiating and adjusting settings incorrectly can result in over-delivery or under-delivery of insulin, which could lead to hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia.

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Omnipod® 5 Automated Insulin Delivery System | Omnipod

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Fingersticks required for diabetes treatment decisions if symptoms or expectations do not match readings. † For a list of compatible smartphone devices visit omnipod.com/compatibility. 1. Study in 80 people with T1D aged 2 5.9 years involving 2 weeks standard diabetes therapy followed by 3 months Omnipod 5 use in Automated Mode.

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I found this artifact via google search and its link sent me to the nih.gov website (National Institutes of Health). The target audience for this artifact is young type 1 diabetics and their parents because this clinical trial discussed how the “artificial pancreas” helped better manage T1D in children. The website is evidence based, given that it is directly from The National Institute of Medicine. However, there are several articles addressing this technology and its benefits to this community. The scholarly source I selected comes directly from Mount Sinai and discusses the benefits of the artificial pancreas device along with the decreased burdens involved in self-management of T1D (https://www.mountsinai.org/care/diabetes/services/artificial-pancreas#:~:text=The%20artificial%20pancreas%20consists%20of,minute%20basis%20for%20many%20patients). This new technology will benefit the public health by providing diabetics with a system that better assists in the management of the disorder, especially in young children. The artifact focuses on the technology used for newly diagnosed T1D’s and specifically young children. However, in the scholarly source provided, the once trialed system has now expanded to type 1 diabetics of all age groups, with no restriction on how long the client has had diabetes. This gives consideration to equity and inclusion in the type 1 diabetes community.

Artificial pancreas - type 1 diabetes. Mount Sinai Health System. (n.d.). https://www.mountsinai.org/care/diabetes/services/artificial-pancreas#:~:text=The%20artificial%20pancreas%20consists%20of,minute%20basis%20for%20many%20patients.

Reynolds, S. (2023, April 4). Artificial pancreas controls blood sugar in young children with type 1 diabetes. National Institutes of Health. https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/artificial-pancreas-controls-blood-sugar-young-children-type-1-diabetes#:~:text=Recently%2C%20researchers%20have%20developed%20artificial,supplies%20insulin%20automatically%20when%20needed.

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At a Glance

Children aged 2 to 5 with type 1 diabetes who received an artificial pancreas had more stable blood glucose levels than those who received standard care.

The improvement translated into about three hours a day of better blood glucose control, with the largest benefit seen at nighttime.

In type 1 diabetes, the immune system attacks and destroys the cells in the pancreas that produce insulin. This hormone normally helps the body's cells take up glucose, a type of sugar, from the bloodstream. Without insulin, levels of blood glucose can swing dangerously high, leading to both short- and long-term health problems.

The standard treatment for type 1 diabetes has been to use frequent blood glucose testing to guide insulin injections. Recently, researchers have developed artificial pancreas systems. These systems contain a continuous blood glucose monitor and an insulin pump. The monitor constantly provides feedback to the pump, which supplies insulin automatically when needed.

Previous studies have shown that such systems improve blood glucose control in adults and in older children. But type 1 diabetes can be especially difficult to manage in younger children, who often can't express when they feel the effects of low or high blood sugar.

In a new study, an NIH-funded team led by Dr. Marc Breton from the University of Virginia tested an artificial pancreas in children aged 2 to 5 with type 1 diabetes. Because the study took place during the COVID-19 pandemic, most of the trial visits were conducted virtually. Results from the randomized clinical trial were published on March 16, 2023, in the New England Journal of Medicine.

The researchers recruited 102 children who had been diagnosed with type 1 diabetes at least six months before joining the study. The team randomly assigned 68 children to receive a closed-loop artificial pancreas system and 34 to continue receiving standard care. The children in the latter group also received a continuous glucose motor.

At the start of the trial, the children had blood glucose levels that fell within a target rage about 55% of the time. At thirteen weeks after implantation, blood glucose levels for children who received the artificial pancreas fell into that range almost 70% of the time. For those who remained on standard care, levels were about the same as at the start of the trial.

This difference translated to children with the artificial pancreas having blood glucose levels in the target range for an additional three hours per day. The difference between groups was most pronounced at nighttime, when the children would normally be sleeping. Children with the highest blood sugar levels at the start of the trial benefitted the most from the artificial pancreas.

"Artificial pancreas systems have the potential to improve all-day blood glucose control in these young patients. This could help ease fears families may have about low blood glucose, in particular during the night, as well as concerns about the long-term effects of type 1 diabetes on their children's health," says Dr. Guillermo Arreaza-Rubin of NIH's National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.

Because telemedicine was successfully used to teach families how to use the device, the study suggests this technology could be made available to people in areas without nearby specialty care.

Additional studies are needed to see if the benefits of the artificial pancreas observed over the 13 weeks of the trial are sustained in the long term.

-by Sharon Reynolds

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Artificial pancreas controls blood sugar in young children with type 1 diabetes

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Children aged 2 to 5 with type 1 diabetes who received an artificial pancreas had more stable blood glucose levels than those who received standard care.

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FDA Approves Use of Teplizumab To Delay Onset of T1D

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FDA Approves Use of Teplizumab To Delay Onset of T1D

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I found this artifact on YouTube, and I think it allows viewers see new advancements in T1D as we know it currently. The video talks about a new drug recently approved by the FDA to delay the onset of type 1. I think the target audience is the generalized public because this chronic illness not only impacts the diabetic, but family and friends as well. The data is evidence based because UCSF is an accredited organization in the research of diabetes. This article supports the artifact because it discusses FDA approval on Teplizumab to delay the onset of Type 1 Diabetes (https://diabetes.ucsf.edu/teplizumab). This newly approved medicine improves public health by spreading awareness of medicinal advancements in the treatment and near cure of type 1 diabetes. This video mentioned newly diagnosed diabetics as the beneficial population, however the research team gives insight about how this drug expands new possibilities with all diabetics and a potential cure for the near future. By approving the drug to the public, it supports equity & inclusion in the field of new T1D technology.

FDA approves teplizumab to delay onset of type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Center at UCSF. (2022, November 18). https://diabetes.ucsf.edu/teplizumab

YouTube. (2022, November 21). First FDA approved treatment to delay type 1 diabetes || UCSF Diabetes Center. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h8zgOrZUR6o

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First FDA approved treatment to delay Type 1 Diabetes || UCSF Diabetes Center