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is an integral part of the human body that not only controls our body but also enables us to think, store memories, have feelings, learn new things, and many other important functions. When studying the human body, the human brain is an important topic. We have gathered a complete set of Brain Facts For Kids that will help you in learning all the brain information you need along with pictures, diagrams, and videos. You are going to learn all about the brain including its definition, what it is made of, its size, weight, capacity, types, its regions, layers, parts, structure, functions, brain cells, memory, and many other interesting brain facts.

The brain is a central organ in all vertebrates and also in most invertebrates, that control all the functions of the body.

In all vertebrates and particularly in human beings, it is the most complex organ.

In vertebrates, the brain is usually located in the head near the sensory organs for senses like vision, hearing, smell, and test.

A human brain is made up of over 100 billion nerve cells or units called neurons.

The neurons are connected by connections called synapses. The approximated number of synapses is in trillions.

Neurons communicate through long nerve fibers known as axons.

2. Scientific Name Of Human Brain

There is no specified scientific name of the human brain.

However, the human brain is identified by " and " Encephalon " in Latin and Greek respectively.

3. What Does A Brain Look Like

The brain looks like a mass of folded lobes.

The largest part of the brain is the cerebrum which is divided into two hemispheres; the right and left cerebral hemispheres.

Each hemisphere is consists of 4 lobes known as the frontal lobe, the temporal lobe, the parietal lobe, and the occipital lobe.

All four lobes are separated by two deep grooves called the lateral sulcus and the central sulcus (a groove is technically known as a sulcus).

Besides the cerebrum, the brainstem and cerebellum are the other parts of the brain, and all the parts collectively form a complete brain.

All the regions and parts of the brain have different functions.

4. Is The Human Brain An Organ

Yes, the human brain is an organ and the most complex one in the entire body of humans.

5. Where Is The Brain Located

6. What Is Your Brain Made Of - What Is The Human Brain Made Of

7. What Is Inside Your Brain

Barin is the fattiest organ in the entire human body and is composed of about 60% of fats.

Mainly, the human brain is made of nerve cells (neurons), glial cells, neural stem cells (NSCs), and blood vessels.

8. How Much Does A Human Brain Weigh - Weight Of Human Brain

9. What Is The Size Of Human Brain - Human Brain Size

The average weight of an adult human's brain is about 2.6 to 3.1 pounds (1.2 to 1.4 kg), which makes approximately 2% of the whole body weight.

10. Human Brain Capacity

The human brain has an average size of about 140 mm (14 cm) in width and 167 mm (16.7 cm) in length.

The average volume of a woman's brain is about 1130 cm³ and that of a man's brain is about 1260 cm³.

12. Regions Of The Human Brain

The capacity of the human brain to store memory is nearly about 2.5 petabytes (2.5 million gigabytes).

The following are the anatomical regions of the human brain during early development:

The forebrain which is also known as the prosencephalon is the most forward region of the brain.

In later life, this region controls the functions of reproduction, body temperature, emotions, sleeping, and eating.

This region is part of the central nervous system.

It is associated with the functions of motor control, regulation of body temperature, alertness, reflex actions, and senses of hearing and vision.

13. Layers Of Human Brain Facts for Kids

The hindbrain is also known as the rhombencephalon .

This region develops to the cerebellum, pons, and medulla oblongata.

This region is associated with vital body functions like heart rate, blood pressure, breathing, and digestion.

14. How Many Parts Of Human Brain - Parts Of The Brain - Parts Of The Human Brain Facts for KIds

This layer is divided into two halves known as the cerebral hemispheres.

Each cerebral hemispheres is consists of four lobes;

The brainstem or the midbrain

In all parts of the human brain, the cerebrum is the largest one and performs functions like remembering, cognition or thinking, problem-solving.

It is also associated with the senses of vision, hearing, and touch.

This part also controls the emotions and movements of a person.

15. Biggest Part Of Brain

This part lies under the cerebrum and controls the functions of balance and coordination.

The cerebrum is the biggest part of the brain, which makes up about two-thirds of the total mass of the brain.

17. Structure Of Human Brain - Human Brain Anatomy Facts for Kids

Every cerebral hemisphere of the cerebral cortex is divided into four lobes.

All the lobes are named according to the bones of the skull that lies upon them.

Each lobe has special functions, however, some of the functions are combinedly performed by the lobes.

There are three major parts of the human brain, which are:

The cerebrum is the largest and wider region of the brain.

A longitudinal deep groove known as the longitudinal fissure divides the cerebrum into two equal symmetrical halves; the left and right hemispheres.

The outer extensively folded region of the cerebrum is called the cerebral cortex, which is consists of grey matter.

The grey matter is made up of cortical layers, the neocortex, and the allocortex.

The neocortex is consists of six layers of neurons while the allocortex is made up of three to four layers of neurons.

Five commissures (commissure is an anatomical word for the linking or joining location of two objects) link both hemispheres.

The brain has a folded surface with many grooves (sulci) and ridges (gyri), some of which are named due to their specific positions.

Each cerebral hemisphere is further divided into four lobes; the frontal lobe, the parietal lobe, the temporal lobe, and the occipital lobe.

Just below the grey matter is located the white matter, which is the inner and deeper region of the hemispheres.

18. Brain Cells Facts for Kids

The cerebellum is located under the cerebrum at the back region of the cranial cavity.

It is divided into three lobes; anterior, posterior, and flocculonodular lobes.

A cerebral tentorium separates the cerebellum from the occipital lobes of the cerebral hemispheres.

The neurons are the primary signaling cells that transmit, receive, and process information via chemical and electrical signals.

The neurons are of four types, that are; the interneurons, the motor neurons, the pyramidal cells, and the Purkinje neurons.

The estimated number of neurons in the brain of an adult human is 86±6 billion.

Out of this number, about 80% (69 billion) neurons are located in the cerebellum while 19% (16 billion) are in the cerebral cortex.

19. What Does The Brain Do - Human Brain Functions

The number of non-neuronal cells in the brain of an adult human is roughly estimated as 85±10 billion.

Another type of cell known as the Neural Stem Cells (NSCs) also exists in the brain.

Neural Stem Cells are the progenitor cells and are responsible for the production of all types of cells (neurons and glia) of the nervous system.

Besides these basic types of cells, certain immune cells like Mast Cells (a type of White Blood Cells or WBCs) are also found in the brain, particularly in the meninges.

20. How The Human Brain Works

21. How Does The Brain Control The Body

22. Human Brain Facts On Memory for Kids

Every part of our body is connected with the nervous system, through which our brain controls our body.

The nerves act like electrical cables and carry electrical impulses to the brain.

The electrical impulses are produced upon stimulation.

In this way, the brains control all the functions of our bodies.

25. Brain Stem Facts for Kids

Most parts of the brain are almost always in use.

Every time, most of our brain remains active even when we are sleeping or resting.

It was a common myth that humans utilize only 10% of their brains.

However, this myth was debunked by a research study published in the Frontiers in Human Neuroscience.

The brain stem is comprised of the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata.

Our brainstem is responsible for the most basic functions our body needs to stay alive, like pulse rate, breathing, blood pressure, and digestion.

The brain stem also controls the functions of alertness, awareness, pain sensitivity, and consciousness.

Any damage to the brain stem can be life-threatening as it is responsible for vital body functions.

The basic sensory and motor nerve supply to the neck and face also comes from the brain stem through the cranial nerves.

27. Human Brain Pictures With Labels

31. Human Brain Development

Brain foods are referred to the foods that keep our brain healthy and improve concentration and memory.

Foods rich with Omega-3 fatty acids, antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals are considered foods that improve brain health.

Some of the best brain exercises are:

Testing your remembrance by making and memorizing a list of things and recalling it after one or two hours later.

Learning a foreign language is also a good brain exercise, as it involves listening and cognition.

Doing maths in your mind without any aid (like paper, pen, etc).

Doing cooking, involves the senses of touch, smell, test, and sight that is controlled by the different parts of the brain.

32. Early Childhood Brain Development Facts - Child Brain Development Facts

There are five main categories of brain diseases, which are:

Infections of the brain include meningitis and encephalitis.

Seizures include epilepsy as a major form, which is caused by immoderate and abnormal electrical activities within the brain.

Trauma includes conditions like a concussion, intracerebral hemorrhage, and traumatic brain injury.

Strokes include conditions like ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke.

Brain tumors may be cancerous or benign but exert excessive pressure on the brain.

34. Interesting Facts About The Brain - Fun Facts About The Brain for Kids

A neural tube is the precursor of the spinal cord and brain during the development of the human brain.

At the sixth week of pregnancy, three major structures are formed that are; the prosencephalon, the mesencephalon, and the rhombencephalon.

From these three structures, five secondary structures develop in the seventh week of pregnancy, which is; telencephalon, diencephalon, mesencephalon, metencephalon, and telencephalon.

Further, the telencephalon develops to the cerebrum and diencephalon to the thalamus and hypothalamus regions of the forebrain.

The mesencephalon develops to the midbrain, while the metencephalon and telencephalon develop to the hindbrain (which include the brainstem, cerebellum, and reticular formation).

The brain of teenagers does not have a completely developed prefrontal cortex.

The prefrontal cortex is the brain region associated with the functions of decision making, complex thinking behavior, expression of personality, and social behavior.

That is why teenagers are so emotional, often show dangerous behaviors, and take risks.

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Brain Facts For Kids - Brain Information - All About The Brain

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Complete Brain Facts For Kids that will help you in learning all the brain information you need along with pictures, diagrams and videos. You are going to learn all about the brain including its definition, what it is made of, its size, weight, capacity, types, its regions, layers, parts, structure, functions, brain cells, memory and many other interesting brain facts.

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Digestive System Gizmo | ExploreLearning Gizmos

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Digestion is a complex process, involving a wide variety of organs and chemicals that work together to break down food, absorb nutrients, and elimi…

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The Skeletal System: StudyJams! Science | Scholastic.com

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The skeletal system frames the body and it performs many other functions. This activity will teach students more about the role of the skeletal system.

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What Does the Heart & Circulatory System Do?

If you've ever wondered how your heart works, this movie has the answer. And special thanks to the Fred J. Brotherton Charitable Foundation for supporting this adventure!

How the Heart Works

Watch this movie about your heart and circulation - the system that sends blood throughout your body.

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How Does the Heart & Circulatory System Work? (Video)

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Watch this movie about your heart and circulatory system, which sends blood throughout your body.

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Human Machine Unit | 1 of 4

# Extensions

Below are ideas for extending this topic beyond the activity & exploration you just completed.

#Make a Robot Hand

To make a robot hand, get a piece of thin cardboard (about 6"x8" - a recycled cereal box works well) and Robot Hand Template.

Glue the template to the cardboard and cut on the dotted lines. Then watch the video on the next slide to see how to put it all together.

After students experiment with the robot hand, we suggest a class discussion.

#Discussion & Video

The robot hand can't do everything your hand can do.

Ask your student to experiment and figure out what their fingers and hands can do that the robot fingers and hands can't. Ask them: If you wanted to make the robot hand more like your hand, what would you need to add to the robot hand?

Discuss this question as a class. After your discussion, watch this video to hear some of the differences the Mystery Science team noticed.

#Additional Activities

Find out how your thumb is different from other fingers and why that's very useful in this activity.

Make a model of an arm and explore how bones and muscles work together in The Power of Togetherness from National Space Biomedical Research Institute.

# Readings:

These Common-Core-aligned readings are free with registration on ReadWorks. All readings include comprehension questions.

Mystery Science respects the intellectual property rights of the owners of visual assets. We make every effort to use images and videos under appropriate licenses from the owner or by reaching out to the owner to get explicit permission. If you are the owner of a visual and believe we are using it without permission, please contact us -we will reply promptly and make things right.

futuristic Android by Humanrobo , used under CC BY-SA

orange robot by Alexander Kozusev , used under CC BY

roomba stuck in chair by Geekzine Mexico , used under CC BY-SA

Atlas complex futuristic robot by Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency

DARPA falling over by blue hippo films

Atlas robot by Boston Dynamics

firefighter and rescued child by SanchaiRat

baby steps by Berenice Garcia , used under CC BY-SA

man running up hill by Alisha Vargas , used under CC BY-SA

Toronto Blue Jays starting pitcher Ricky Romero by Keith Allison , used under CC BY-SA

Portola Palace Stairs by Bernt Rostad , used under CC BY-SA

child riding a bike by Jerry , used under CC BY-SA

Sydney Gonzalez Gymnast by Ruben Gonzales

white android by Hairygael , used under CC BY-SA

duracell batteries by Anton Fomkin , used under CC BY-SA

sandwich by Seph Swain , used under CC BY-SA

Integrated Circuit by Tomasz Mikołajczyk

brain by Sanandros , used under CC BY-SA

brain and nerves by KRITRIM VAULT , used under CC BY

human hand by Johnny Magnusson

robot hand by Peter Ohlmus

human hand bones by OpenStax College

human skeleton by Scott Anselmo , used under CC BY-SA

seattle building by Seattle Municipal Archives

building skeleton by Les Chatfield , used under CC BY-SA

arduino hand robot by Peter Ohlmus

fried chicken by Evan-Amos

white hen by Agricultural Research Service

white king salmon fillet by Isaac Wedin , used under CC BY-SA

Strip Steak by Ɱ , used under CC BY-SA

rock em sock em by DJ , used under CC BY-SA

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In this lesson, students discover the mechanism by which their muscles control their bones to move their bodies.

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How Does the Lungs & Respiratory System Work? (Video)

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Watch this movie about the respiratory system, the system that enables you to breathe.

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In this lesson, students explore the brain’s role in receiving information from the senses, processing that information, and controlling the muscles to enable movement.

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Digestive System

Watch this movie about your digestive system, the system that handles the food you eat.

What's Saliva (Spit) Do?

Even before you eat, when you smell a tasty food, see it, or think about it, digestion begins. Saliva (say: suh-LYE-vuh), or spit, begins to form in your mouth.

When you do eat, the saliva breaks down the chemicals in the food a bit, which helps make the food mushy and easy to swallow. Your tongue helps out, pushing the food around while you chew with your teeth. When you're ready to swallow, the tongue pushes a tiny bit of mushed-up food called a bolus (say: BO-luss) toward the back of your throat and into the opening of your esophagus, the second part of the digestive tract.

What's the Esophagus?

The esophagus (say: ih-SOF-eh-guss) is like a stretchy pipe that's about 10 inches (25 centimeters) long. It moves food from the back of your throat to your stomach. But also at the back of your throat is your windpipe, which allows air to come in and out of your body. When you swallow a small ball of mushed-up food or liquids, a special flap called the epiglottis (say: ep-ih-GLOT-iss) flops down over the opening of your windpipe to make sure the food enters the esophagus and not the windpipe.

If you've ever drunk something too fast, started to cough, and heard someone say that your drink "went down the wrong way," the person meant that it went down your windpipe by mistake. This happens when the epiglottis doesn't have enough time to flop down, and you cough involuntarily (without thinking about it) to clear your windpipe.

Once food has entered the esophagus, it doesn't just drop right into your stomach. Instead, muscles in the walls of the esophagus move in a wavy way to slowly squeeze the food through the esophagus. This takes about 2 or 3 seconds.

What Does the Stomach Do?

Your stomach, which is attached to the end of the esophagus, is a stretchy sack shaped like the letter J. It has three important jobs:

1. to store the food you've eaten

2. to break down the food into a liquidy mixture

3. to slowly empty that liquidy mixture into the small intestine

The stomach is like a mixer, churning and mashing together all the small balls of food that came down the esophagus into smaller and smaller pieces. It does this with help from the strong muscles in the walls of the stomach and gastric (say: GAS-trik) juices that also come from the stomach's walls. In addition to breaking down food, gastric juices also help kill bacteria that might be in the eaten food.

Onward to the small intestine!

What Does the Small Intestine Do?

The small intestine (say: in-TESS-tin) is a long tube that's about 1½ inches to 2 inches (about 3.5 to 5 centimeters) around, and it's packed inside you beneath your stomach. If you stretched out an adult's small intestine, it would be about 22 feet long (6.7 meters) - that's like 22 notebooks lined up end to end, all in a row!

The small intestine breaks down the food mixture even more so your body can absorb all the vitamins, minerals, proteins, carbohydrates, and fats. The grilled chicken on your pizza is full of proteins - and a little fat - and the small intestine can help extract them with a little help from three friends: the pancreas (say: PAN-kree-uss), liver, and gallbladder.

Those organs send different juices to the first part of the small intestine. These juices help to digest food and allow the body to absorb nutrients. The pancreas makes juices that help the body digest fats and protein. A juice from the liver called bile helps to absorb fats into the bloodstream. And the gallbladder serves as a warehouse for bile, storing it until the body needs it.

Your food may spend as long as 4 hours in the small intestine and will become a very thin, watery mixture. It's time well spent because, at the end of the journey, the nutrients from your pizza, orange, and milk can pass from the intestine into the blood. Once in the blood, your body is closer to benefiting from the complex carbohydrates in the pizza crust, the vitamin C in your orange, the protein in the chicken, and the calcium in your milk.

Next stop for these nutrients: the liver! And the leftover waste - parts of the food that your body can't use - goes on to the large intestine.

How Does the Liver Help With Digestion?

The nutrient-rich blood comes directly to the liver for processing. The liver filters out harmful substances or wastes, turning some of the waste into more bile. The liver even helps figure out how many nutrients will go to the rest of the body, and how many will stay behind in storage. For example, the liver stores certain vitamins and a type of sugar your body uses for energy.

What Does the Large Intestine Do?

At 3 or 4 inches around (about 7 to 10 centimeters), the large intestine is fatter than the small intestine and it's almost the last stop on the digestive tract. Like the small intestine, it is packed into the body, and would measure 5 feet (about 1.5 meters) long if you spread it out.

What's the Appendix?

The large intestine has a tiny tube with a closed end coming off it called the appendix (say: uh-PEN-dix). It's part of the digestive tract, but it doesn't seem to do anything, though it can cause big problems because it sometimes gets infected and needs to be removed.

Like we mentioned, after most of the nutrients are removed from the food mixture there is waste left over - stuff your body can't use. This stuff needs to be passed out of the body. Can you guess where it ends up? Well, here's a hint: It goes out with a flush.

What's the Colon?

Before it goes, it passes through the part of the large intestine called the colon (say: CO-lun), which is where the body gets its last chance to absorb the water and some minerals into the blood. As the water leaves the waste product, what's left gets harder and harder as it keeps moving along, until it becomes a solid. Yep, it's poop (also called stool or a bowel movement).

What's the Rectum? And What's the Anus?

The large intestine pushes the poop into the rectum (say: REK-tum), the very last stop on the digestive tract. The solid waste stays here until you are ready to go to the bathroom. When you go to the bathroom, you are getting rid of this solid waste by pushing it through the anus (say: AY-nus). There's the flush we were talking about!

How Can I Keep My Digestive System Healthy?

You can help your digestive system by drinking water and eating a healthy diet that includes foods rich in fiber. High-fiber foods, like fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, make it easier for poop to pass through your system.

The digestive system is a pretty important part of your body. Without it, you couldn't get the nutrients you need to grow properly and stay healthy. And next time you sit down to lunch, you'll know where your food goes - from start to finish!

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The digestive system breaks down the food you eat. Learn how in this article for kids.

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How Do Bones Work? And What Do Bones Do?

If you want to know more about your beautiful bones, this movie is a great place to start!

How Bones Work

If you want to know more about your beautiful bones, this movie is a great place to start!

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How Does the Skeletal System (Bones) Work? (Video)

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Your eyes see, but how does vision happen? Find out how the eyes and brain work together in this eye video.

How Eyes Work

Your eyes see, but how does vision happen? Find out how the eyes and brain work together in this eye video.

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Chloe and the Nurb take you on a tour of the eyes and how seeing happens. Watch this How the Body Works movie!

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Built on a collection of 40,000+ popular, high-quality books from 250+ of the world's best publishers, Epic safely fuels curiosity and reading confidence for kids 12 and under.

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The Digestive System Book Collection on Epic

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Discover new children's books on Epic. With thousands of books and audiobooks there is no limit to what children can learn and explore.

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Built on a collection of 40,000+ popular, high-quality books from 250+ of the world's best publishers, Epic safely fuels curiosity and reading confidence for kids 12 and under.

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The Skeletal System Book Collection on Epic

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Discover new children's books on Epic. With thousands of books and audiobooks there is no limit to what children can learn and explore.

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Built on a collection of 40,000+ popular, high-quality books from 250+ of the world's best publishers, Epic safely fuels curiosity and reading confidence for kids 12 and under.

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The Lungs & Respiratory System Book Collection on Epic

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Discover new children's books on Epic. With thousands of books and audiobooks there is no limit to what children can learn and explore.

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Built on a collection of 40,000+ popular, high-quality books from 250+ of the world's best publishers, Epic safely fuels curiosity and reading confidence for kids 12 and under.

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The Nervous System Book Collection on Epic

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How does oxygen get from the air outside our bodies into our bloodstream? Through the good ol’ respiratory system! Tim and Moby talk trachea and lungs.