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Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development

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Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development

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Piaget developed a theory to explain how a child mentally perceives the world. He suggested that cognitive development occurs through a combination of biological maturation and environmental influences. Through all this thinking and knowledge develop through changes.

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Children understand the world through

1. Schemas

2. Adaptation

3. Assimilation and Accommodation

Children go through Four Stages of Cognitive Development

1. Sensorimotor Stage (Birth to Age 2)

2. Pre-Operational Stage (Age 2 - 7)

3. Concrete Operational Stage (Age 7-11)

4. Formal Operational Stage (11+ to adulthood)

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ZONE OF PROXIMAL DEVELOPMENT.  Ley Vygotsy

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ZONE OF PROXIMAL DEVELOPMENT.  Ley Vygotsy

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Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) is the distance between someone who can do something independently and something they need help with or guidance with.

An example of this is when a child learns to ride a scooter. First, they start with a beginner scooter that has three wheels and receive guidance from their parents. With practice, they eventually transition to a two-wheeled scooter and ride independently. This progression happens through the zone of proximal development.

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The Concept of Guided Participation. Barbara Rogoff

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The Concept of Guided Participation. Barbara Rogoff

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This concept connects with Ley Vygotsy Zone of Proximal Development. This concept is that learning happens through social interactions, not just by given instructions, and includes both verbal and non-verbal forms of guidance.

An example of this concept is a student working alone on her assignment. Even though she is alone or isolated, she is still guided and influenced by the people around her.

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Sociocultural theory explains how a person’s way of thinking and development are shaped by social interactions, cultural traditions, and historical influences.

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How Constructivism is different from Social cultural theory

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How Constructivism is different from Social cultural theory

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Constructivism is a theory of learning that emphasizes how individuals actively build knowledge through their experiences.

This is different from sociocultural theory, which focuses on learning as a cultural and social process. This theory encourages teachers and students to collaborate and relate their lessons to the real world. This theory also has been expanding to digital technologies like online learning to help students.

Both of these theories are different but very important in education and learning in many ways.

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This is also known as heredity versus environment.

This debate explores whether human development and behavior are mostly shaped by genetics and biology or by culture and environment. Some people believe that these two work together and some don't.

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Neurons: Store Information.

Neurogenesis: Produces New neurons.

Synapses: Space between neurons.

Synaptic Plasticity and Plasticity: Brain tendency to remain adaptable or flexible.

Near-infrared optical tomography (NIR-OT):

a technique that uses optical fibers to transmit near-infrared light to reveal brain activity.

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CAT Scan, PET Scan, EEG, fMRI, NIR-OT

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Listening to Mozart will not make you smarter but learning how to play it will increase cognitive achievement.

Our brains are changing all the time.

It takes both sides of your brain to do something.

Brain continues to develop throughout childhood and adolescence.

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Scaffolding is when an adult supports others learning and problem solving. Some examples of this could be clues, reminders, positive words, and examples.

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Physical Development

Personal Development

Social Development

Cognitive Development