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An assessment instrument is any tool, procedure, or resource used to collect systematic information about a child’s abilities, behaviors, or development, in order to make valid and reliable decisions in areas such as education, health, or psychology.

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Every instrument must meet the following features:

Valudity : Measures what it is supposed to measure.

Reliability : Produces consistent and stable results.

Standardization : Has clear norms, procedures, and scoring guidelines.

Relevance : Adapted to the developmental area and cultural context of the child.

Objectivity : Minimizes examiner bias through clear items and rules.

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a) By Developmental Area

Cognitive : memory, problem solving, attention.

Motor : fine and gross motor coordination.

Language : vocabulary, comprehension, expression.

Socio-emotional : social skills, self-regulation, attachment.

b) By Type of Tool

Standardized Tests : e.g., WISC, Bayley Scales.

Checklists : structured lists of behaviors (e.g., Ages & Stages Questionnaires).

Observational Tools :systematic observation of play or interaction.

Developmental Scales : milestones across areas (e.g., Denver II).

Interviews : structured or semi-structured w

ith parents/teachers.

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Card 1: Denver II Developmental Screening Test

Area assessed: Cognitive, motor, language, and socio-emotional.

Population: Children from birth to 6 years old.

Description: A screening tool that assesses developmental milestones in four domains.

Use in early stimulation: Detects delays early to guide intervention programs.

Card 2: Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT)

Area assessed: Language (receptive vocabulary).

Population: Children and adolescents, 2.5 years and older.

Description: Measures understanding of spoken words by having the child point to pictures.

Use in early stimulation: Identifies language delays and guides expressive/receptive language training.

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Anastasi, A., & Urbina, S. (1997). Psychological Testing (7th ed.). Prentice Hall.

Bayley, N. (2006). Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (3rd ed.). Harcourt Assessment.

Frankenburg, W. K., Dodds, J., Archer, P., Bresnick, B., Maschka, P., Edelman, N., & Shapiro, H. (1992). Denver II: Technical manual. Denver Developmental Materials.

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Elaborado por Valeria Beltrán Ordóñez 701

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Elaborado por Valeria Beltrán Ordóñez 701