# data[].attributes.body
a category of artistic composition, as in music or literature, characterized by similarities in form, style, or subject matter.

# data[].attributes.body
a darkened box with a convex lens or aperture for projecting the image of an external object onto a screen inside. It is important historically in the development of photography.

# data[].attributes.body
The standard photographic film format for analog single lens reflex (SLR) still cameras and motion picture cameras.

# data[].attributes.body
A twin-lens reflex camera is a type of camera with two objective lenses of the same focal length

# data[].attributes.body
The gelatin silver process is the most commonly used chemical process in black-and-white photography, and is the fundamental chemical process for modern analog color photography.

# data[].attributes.body
Photo curators collect, exhibit, research and maintain the photo collection at a museum.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Museums of History NSW is changing the way our past is understood and our future will be experienced.

# data[].attributes.body
a public display of works of art or items of interest, held in an art gallery or museum or at a trade fair.

# data[].attributes.body
a room or building for the display or sale of works of art.

# data[].attributes.body
a building in which objects of historical, scientific, artistic, or cultural interest are stored and exhibited.

# data[].attributes.body
A photographic studio is often a business owned and represented by one or more photographers, possibly accompanied by assistants and pupils, who create and sell their own and sometimes others’ photographs.

# data[].attributes.body
An element of art defined by a point moving in space. Line may be two-or three-dimensional, descriptive, implied, or abstract.

# data[].attributes.body
An element of art by which positive and negative areas are defined or a sense of depth achieved in a work of art .

# data[].attributes.body
An element of art that is two-dimensional, flat, or limited to height and width.

# data[].attributes.body
An element of art that is three-dimensional and encloses volume; includes height, width AND depth (as in a cube, a sphere, a pyramid, or a cylinder). Form may also be free flowing.

# data[].attributes.body
An element of art made up of three properties: hue, value, and intensity.

# data[].attributes.body
The lightness or darkness of tones or colors. White is the lightest value; black is the darkest. The value halfway between these extremes is called middle gray.

# data[].attributes.body
An element of art that refers to the way things feel, or look as if they might feel if touched.

# data[].attributes.body
A way of combining elements to add a feeling of equilibrium or stability to a work of art. Major types are symmetrical and asymmetrical.

# data[].attributes.body
A principle of design concerned with diversity or contrast. Variety is achieved by using different shapes, sizes, and/or colors in a work of art.

# data[].attributes.body
Pattern is the repeating of an object or symbol all over the work of art.

# data[].attributes.body
A principle of design used to create the look and feeling of action and to guide the viewer’s eye throughout the work of art.

# data[].attributes.body
A principle of design that refers to the relationship of certain elements to the whole and to each other.

# data[].attributes.body
A way of combining similar elements in an artwork to accent their similarities (achieved through use of repetitions and subtle gradual changes)

# data[].attributes.body
A way of combining elements to stress the differences between those elements.

# data[].attributes.body
Radial balance is a form of symmetrical balance where elements within an image radiate outwards from a central point.

# data[].attributes.body
In photography symmetry appears when parts of your composition mirror other parts. It is created when two halves of your scene look the same and balance each other out.

# data[].attributes.body
Asymmetrical balance has two sides that are unequal while having elements that balance each other out

# data[].attributes.body
Juxtaposition photography involves combining two or more elements in the same picture, highlighting the interesting contrast between them, to create an eye-catching and thought-provoking image.

# data[].attributes.body
Abstract photography consists of images created using photography materials and equipment that don't have an immediate association with the physical world.

# data[].attributes.body
The phrase cool color is used to describe any color that is calm or soothing in nature. Cool colors are not overpowering and tend to recede in space. Cool colors typically make a space seem larger. Cool colors include green, blue and violet

# data[].attributes.body
The phrase warm color is used to describe any color that is vivid or bold in nature. Warm colors are those that tend to advance in space and can be overwhelming. Warm colors include red, yellow and orange

# data[].attributes.body
Neutral colors are muted shades that appear to lack color but often have underlying hues that change with different lighting. Neutral colors include beige, taupe, gray, cream, brown, black, and white. While neutral colors are not on the color wheel, they complement primary and secondary colors.

# data[].attributes.body
Complementary colors are pairs of colors which, when combined or mixed, cancel each other out by producing a grayscale color like white or black. When placed next to each other, they create the strongest contrast for those two colors.

# data[].attributes.body
Monochromatic colors are all the colors of a single hue. Monochromatic color schemes are derived from a single base hue and extended using its shades, tones and tints.

# data[].attributes.body
Gradients, also known as color transitions, are a gradual blending from one color to another color.

# data[].attributes.body
Constructive criticism focuses on providing constructive feedback, supported by specific examples, to help you improve in some area. Constructive criticism should be offered in a friendly manner with good intentions.

# data[].attributes.body
The practice of taking someone else's work or ideas and passing them off as one's own.

# data[].attributes.body
involving questions of right and wrong

# data[].attributes.body
Based on or influenced by personal feelings, tastes, or opinions. Objective: (of a person or their judgement) not influenced by personal feelings or opinions in considering and representing facts.

# data[].attributes.body
Copyrights primarily protect the rights of people who create literary, dramatic, musical, artistic, and certain other intellectual works (like history tests, and software code). Trademarks protect the use of a company's name and its product names, brand identity (like logos) and slogans.

# data[].attributes.body
The rule of thirds is a composition guideline that places your subject in the left or right third of an image, leaving the other two thirds more open

# data[].attributes.body
Leading lines are a compositional technique where human-made or natural lines lead the viewer's eyes through a photograph to the subject or the heart of the image.

# data[].attributes.body
The photograph is divided into nine rectangles along two horizontal and vertical lines according to the golden ratio.

# data[].attributes.body
Negative space photography is related to minimalist photography. It emphasizes not just the subject, but the empty space around the subject. The viewer's eyes may be drawn to a central figure, but they can't help noticing the large section of emptiness that surrounds and defines that figure.

# data[].attributes.body
Positive space is any part of the photo that jumps out from its surroundings. That includes your subject, for example, along with other noteworthy areas of detail.

# data[].attributes.body
Backlighting means that you compose your pictures so that the primary light source is behind your subject.

# data[].attributes.body
Diffused light, or soft light, is light that's filtered by something. Sunlight through a sheer curtain is diffused. Light from behind a lampshade is diffused compared to the direct light of a bare bulb. The lampshade softens and scatters the light.

# data[].attributes.body
Ambient lighting is essentially indirect lighting. A soft light that is reflected off the ceiling. It reduces the shadows on people's faces and fills the room with equal brightness, opening up the architecture and drawing people in.

# data[].attributes.body
Chiaroscuro is a renaissance painting technique which literally means “light-dark” in Italian. Darker backgrounds but also high contrast between highlights and shadows with harmonious saturated tones.

# data[].attributes.body
What is silhouette photography? A silhouette is a solid, dark image of a subject against a brighter background. Silhouette pictures usually show the subject in profile.

# data[].attributes.body
Diptychs are a set of two photos you can use to tell a story and emphasise contrast. Or you can create one composition using two entirely different images.

# data[].attributes.body
A triptych is a group of 3 separate images displayed together. But crucially, the 3 images are more than just 3 photographs set out next to each other - they work together to create something more than that.

# data[].attributes.body
Orthographic projection is a means of representing three-dimensional objects in two dimensions.

# data[].attributes.body
Barrel distortion describes a type of distortion wherein lines that are straight in real life appear to curve inwards

# data[].attributes.body
Pincushion distortion produces the opposite effect from barrel distortion. Instead of an image curving in, pincushion distortion causes straight lines to curve outwards from the center of the image.

# data[].attributes.body
ISO is your camera's sensitivity to light as it pertains to either film or a digital sensor. A lower ISO value means less sensitivity to light, while a higher ISO means more sensitivity.

# data[].attributes.body
The ASA (American Standards Association) scale is an arbitrary rating of film speed; that is, the sensitivity of the film to light. If everything else is kept constant, the required exposure time is inversely proportional to the ASA rating.

# data[].attributes.body
An image sensor is a device that allows the camera to convert photons – that is, light – into electrical signals that can be interpreted by the device

# data[].attributes.body
Film grain is the visible silver crystals in a film negative's emulsion. These light-sensitive silver halides change into pure metallic silver when exposed to light, which is how an image is captured on film. So, grain is an inherent part of a film image.

# data[].attributes.body
Digital noise in photos taken with digital cameras is random pixels scattered all over the photo.

# data[].attributes.body
a space through which light passes in an optical or photographic instrument, especially the variable opening by which light enters a camera.

# data[].attributes.body
a camera setting corresponding to a particular f-number.

# data[].attributes.body
It measures the distance, in millimetres, between the optical centre of the lens and the camera's sensor (or film plane)

# data[].attributes.body
the distance between the nearest and the furthest objects that give an image judged to be in focus in a camera

# data[].attributes.body
the visual quality of the out-of-focus areas of a photographic image, especially as rendered by a particular lens.

# data[].attributes.body
Automatic Exposure is when the camera chooses the optimum shutter speed, aperture, ISO and flash settings for your shot.

# data[].attributes.body
Program mode is marked by 'P' on your camera's mode dial and is one of the Creative Zone modes, though one with the least control over your exposure settings. In program mode the camera selects and sets both the shutter speed and the aperture.

# data[].attributes.body
“Manual” mode stands for a full manual control of Aperture and Shutter Speed. In this mode, you can manually set both the aperture and the shutter speed to any value you want – the camera lets you fully take over the exposure controls.

# data[].attributes.body
Shutter Priority is a semi-automatic camera mode that allows you to set the shutter speed and ISO, while your camera sets the aperture.

# data[].attributes.body
In Aperture Priority, the photographer manually chooses the desired aperture value, and the camera then picks the required shutter speed and ISO value (if on auto ISO).

# data[].attributes.body
Long exposure photography is a photographic technique that uses a slow shutter speed to flood a camera's image sensor with light.

# data[].attributes.body
Time-lapse photography is a cinematography technique in which a photographer will take a series of still images of the same frame at regular intervals over a period of time, then play through the entire sequence rapidly.

# data[].attributes.body
Light painting is a photographic technique where light is “painted” or “drawn” into the photograph using a hand held light source during a long exposure.

# data[].attributes.body
Panning photography freezes objects in motion in a still frame.

# data[].attributes.body
Burst mode is a shooting mode in still cameras where several photos are captured in quick succession by either pressing the shutter button or holding it down.

# data[].attributes.body
It's the speed at which the shutter of the camera closes. A fast shutter speed creates a shorter exposure — the amount of light the camera takes in — and a slow shutter speed gives the photographer a longer exposure.

# data[].attributes.body
Bulb mode simply allows the photographer to take a picture for as long as the shutter is depressed, that means pushed down.

# data[].attributes.body
Motion blur is a long exposure photography technique that lets you convey the feeling of movement or action in a still image

# data[].attributes.body
Both a tripod and monopod are accessories designed to support a camera — where the two differ are the legs. A tripod has three legs (that's the “tri”). A monopod is a camera support that has one leg (that's the “mono”).

# data[].attributes.body
Camera shake is a term used to define the act of accidentally shaking a camera during shooting due to unsteady hands, which results in blurry images. This generally occurs more often if you're shooting on a low shutter speed or with a heavy lens, and can be avoided by using a tripod and cable release setup.

# data[].attributes.body
18% grey is what photographer's call “middle grey”, a reference point for photographic exposure, B&W or color.

# data[].attributes.body
Spot metering allows the camera to measure the light reflected from the person's face and expose properly for that, instead of adjusting exposure for the much brighter light around the hairline.

# data[].attributes.body
Partial metering covers only the centre 6.2% of the frame in the viewfinder, thus providing precise metering only for the subject. When the background is brighter than the subject due to reasons like back lighting, this metering mode is particularly useful.

# data[].attributes.body
Centre-weighted Average metering is like using Evaluative metering with a centre AF point. It places greater emphasis on the centre area while also taking meter reading across the entire frame.

# data[].attributes.body
Evaluative metering is the default metering mode on most cameras. It ensures that the camera will automatically adjust to the right exposure setting even when the ambient lighting shows greater contrast.

# data[].attributes.body
A shadow is the result of the relationship between the subject's location and the direction of the light source. With front light, the shadow falls behind the subject. When side lit, it appears on the opposite side that's lit.

# data[].attributes.body
Midtones consist of the middle 50% of the tonal range. The shadow and dark areas make up 25% of the tonal range, as do the lights and highlights on the other end of the tonal range.

# data[].attributes.body
Highlights are the lightest elements in an image, whereas shadows are the darkest areas.

# data[].attributes.body
A vignette is a darker border - sometimes as a blur or a shadow - at the periphery of photos.

# data[].attributes.body
sepia toning is a chemical process that converts the metallic silver in the emulsion of a photographic print into a silver sulfide compound.

# data[].attributes.body
Autofocus (AF) points are what you use to determine where the camera will be focusing the image.

# data[].attributes.body
bracketing is the general technique of taking several shots of the same subject using different camera settings.

# data[].attributes.body
The exposure meter indicates the level of light reaching the sensor. Too much light results in over exposure which gives you a photo that is too light and lacking detail. Too little light results in under exposure which gives you a photo that is too dark and again, lacking detail.

# data[].attributes.body
Exposure compensation basically helps you override automatic exposure adjustments your camera makes in situations with uneven light distribution, filters, non-standard processing, or underexposure or overexposure.

# data[].attributes.body
A white balance card (or gray card) helps you adjust the white balance and exposure settings of images by providing a reference point.

# data[].attributes.body
allows you to switch between virtual desktops and display your workspace layout in your panel.

# data[].attributes.body
The toolbar is where Photoshop holds the many tools we have to work with.

# data[].attributes.body
Palettes [shown right] are groups of tools used to edit and manipulate your image.

# data[].attributes.body
The menu bar is the part of a browser or application window, typically at the top left side, that houses drop-down menus that allow the user to interact with the content or application in various ways.

# data[].attributes.body
an Options bar is a horizontal menu at the top of the main Photoshop window that lets you customize a tool.