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a category of artistic composition, as in music or literature, characterized by similarities in form, style, or subject matter.

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35 mm film is a film gauge used in filmmaking, and the film standard. In motion pictures that record on film, 35 mm is the most commonly used gauge.

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A twin-lens reflex camera is a type of camera with two objective lenses of the same focal length. One of the lenses is the photographic objective or "taking lens", while the other is used for the viewfinder system, which is usually viewed from above at waist level.

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A camera obscura is a darkened room with a small hole or lens at one side through which an image is projected onto a wall or table opposite the hole. Camera obscura can also refer to analogous constructions such as a box or tent in which an exterior image is projected inside.

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The gelatin silver process is the most commonly used chemical process in black-and-white photography, and is the fundamental chemical process for modern analog color photography. As such, films and printing papers available for analog photography rarely rely on any other chemical process to record an image.

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a keeper or custodian of a museum or other collection.

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a public display of works of art or items of interest, held in an art gallery or museum or at a trade fair.

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a room or building for the display or sale of works of art.

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a building in which objects of historical, scientific, artistic, or cultural interest are stored and exhibited.

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A photographic studio is often a business owned and represented by one or more photographers, possibly accompanied by assistants and pupils, who create and sell their own and sometimes others’ photographs.

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The rule of space relates to the direction the subject of the photograph is moving in, or even just looking in.

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In photography, texture is the visual depiction of variations in the color, shape, and depth of an object's surface.

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Value defines how light or dark a given color or hue can be. Values are best understood when visualized as a scale or gradient, from dark to light.

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Form refers to when shape takes on three dimensions. Form is created by shadows and highlights on an object in the photograph. You can see in these two photos how shape becomes form when light hits the subject.

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The two-dimensional appearance of objects as they're captured by your camera

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Line is a point that continues; it implies motion. Lines are open and lead the eyes into a photograph or to an interesting point of the photo.

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The definition of color is a component of light that is separated when it is reflected off of an object.

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Balance is a composition technique that arranges elements within the frame to achieve equal visual weight across the image. The visual weight of an element essentially measures how much attraction it draws from the viewer.

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an act of changing physical location or position or of having this changed.

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Unity is a principle of visual design in photography that involves the repetition of certain elements in an image to make it visually pleasing.

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Proportion in photography is usually comparing size of objects, or the amount of one thing to the whole

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ive special importance or prominence to (something) in speaking or writing.

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a repeated decorative design.

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the quality or state of being different or diverse; the absence of uniformity, sameness, or monotony.

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symmetry around a central axis, as in a starfish or a tulip flower.

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the quality of being made up of exactly similar parts facing each other or around an axis.

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The phrase cool color is used to describe any color that is calm or soothing in nature. Cool colors are not overpowering and tend to recede in space. For this reason, cool colors typically make a space seem larger. Examples of cool colors include green, blue and violet (think calming blue waters).

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The phrase warm color is used to describe any color that is vivid or bold in nature. Warm colors are those that tend to advance in space and can be overwhelming. Examples of warm colors include red, yellow and orange (think exciting fire and volcanoes)

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Neutral colors are muted shades that appear to lack color but often have underlying hues that change with different lighting. Examples of neutral colors include beige, taupe, gray, cream, brown, black, and white. While neutral colors are not on the color wheel, they complement primary and secondary colors.

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a color that combined with a given color makes white or black.

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Monochrome colors are all the varieties of a single hue - the tints, shades, and tones. A monochromatic color scheme will range between lighter and darker versions of the base color or hue.

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change in the value of a quantity (as temperature, pressure, or concentration) with change in a given variable and especially per unit on a linear scale

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Constructive definition, helping to improve; promoting further development or advancement (opposed to destructive): constructive criticism.

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the practice of taking someone else's work or ideas and passing them off as one's own.

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moral principles that govern a person's behavior or the conducting of an activity.

"medical ethics also enter into the question"

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(of a person or their judgment) not influenced by personal feelings or opinions in considering and representing facts.

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based on or influenced by personal feelings, tastes, or opinions.

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1. the exclusive legal right, given to an originator or an assignee to print, publish, perform, film, or record literary, artistic, or musical material, and to authorize others to do the same.

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a symbol, word, or words legally registered or established by use as representing a company or product.

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The rule of thirds is a composition guideline that places your subject in the left or right third of an image, leaving the other two thirds more open

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Leading lines are a compositional technique where human-made or natural lines lead the viewer's eyes through a photograph to the subject or the heart of the image

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illumination from behind.

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In optics, a diffuser is any material that diffuses or scatters light in some manner to transmit soft light.

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. A soft light that is reflected off the ceiling.

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an effect of contrasted light and shadow created by light falling unevenly or from a particular direction on something.

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the dark shape and outline of someone or something visible against a lighter background, especially in dim light.

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ISO is your camera's sensitivity to light as it pertains to either film or a digital sensor

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The ASA (American Standards Association) scale is an arbitrary rating of film speed; that is, the sensitivity of the film to light. If everything else is kept constant, the required exposure time is inversely proportional to the ASA rating.

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An image sensor or imager is a sensor that detects and conveys information used to make an image

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Film grain or granularity is the random optical texture of processed photographic film due to the presence of small particles of a metallic silver, or dye clouds, developed from silver halide that have received enough photons

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F-stop is the term used to denote aperture measurements on your camera.

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a space through which light passes in an optical or photographic instrument, especially the variable opening by which light enters a camera.

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In photography, bokeh is the aesthetic quality of the blur produced in out-of-focus parts of an image.

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The programmed auto mode of your camera automatically adjusts shutter speed and aperture, based on a built-in program. This is often a useful mode, if you want to shoot snapshots or if you're dealing with tough lighting, and you'd like the camera to choose some of the exposure settings for you.

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As the name suggests, “Manual” mode stands for a full manual control of Aperture and Shutter Speed

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One of those modes is aperture priority. With it, the photographer selects a specific aperture value and the camera autoselects the proper shutter speed based on how much light it detects.

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Shutter priority, also called time value, refers to a setting on cameras that allows the user to choose a specific shutter speed while the camera adjusts the aperture to ensure correct exposure

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Program mode is marked by 'P' on your camera's mode dial and is one of the Creative Zone modes, though one with the least control over your exposure settings.

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It's the speed at which the shutter of the camera closes.

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The Bulb setting on camera shutters is a momentary-action mode that holds shutters open for as long as a photographer depresses the shutter-release button.

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Motion blur is the apparent streaking of moving objects in a photograph or a sequence of frames, such as a film or animation.

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In photography, a tripod is a portable device used to support, stabilize and elevate a camera, a flash unit, or other videographic or observational/measuring equipment. All photographic tripods have three legs and a mounting head to couple with a camera.

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Long-exposure, time-exposure, or slow-shutter photography involves using a long-duration shutter speed to sharply capture the stationary elements of images while blurring, smearing, or obscuring the moving elements

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1. denoting the photographic technique of taking a sequence of frames at set intervals to record changes that take place slowly over time. When the frames are shown at normal speed, or in quick succession, the action seems much faster.

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Light painting, painting with light, light drawing, or light art performance photography are terms that describe photographic techniques of moving a ligh

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In cinematography and photography panning means swivelling a still or video camera horizontally from a fixed position. This motion is similar to the motion of a person when they turn their head on their neck from left to right

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Burst mode, also called continuous shooting mode, sports mode, continuous mode, or burst shot, is a shooting mode in still cameras where several photos are captured in quick succession by either pressing the shutter button or holding it down

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By definition 18% gray is the “mid-point between black and white on a logarithmic or exponential curve.”

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In photography, the metering mode refers to the way in which a camera determines exposure. Cameras generally allow the user to select between spot, center-weighted average, or multi-zone metering modes.

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Partial metering covers only the centre 6.2% of the frame in the viewfinder, thus providing precise metering only for the subject.

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Centre-weighted Average metering is like using Evaluative metering with a centre AF point

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Evaluative metering is the default metering mode on most cameras. It ensures that the camera will automatically adjust to the right exposure setting even when the ambient lighting shows greater contrast.

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A medium tone, one that is neither very dark nor very light.

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a bright or reflective area in a painting, picture, or design.

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a dark area or shape produced by a body coming between rays of light and a surface.

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a small illustration or portrait photograph which fades into its background without a definite border.

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Technically speaking, sepia toning is a chemical process that converts the metallic silver in the emulsion of a photographic print into a silver sulfide compound

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Autofocus (AF) points are what you use to determine where the camera will be focusing the image.

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In photography, bracketing is the general technique of taking several shots of the same subject using different camera settings

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The exposure meter indicates the level of light reaching the sensor.

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Exposure compensation basically helps you override automatic exposure adjustments your camera makes in situations with uneven light distribution, filters, non-standard processing, or underexposure or overexposur

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. It can be used to help achieve accurate colors in photos, regardless of the lighting conditions.

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The Workspace Switcher panel plugin allows you to switch between virtual desktops and display your workspace layout in your panel.

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The toolbar, also called a bar or standard toolbar is a graphical control element on which on-screen icons can be used. A toolbar often allows for quick access to functions that are commonly used in the program. Some examples of functions a toolbar might have are open file, save, and change font.

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' describes the entire range of colors that can be rendered by a digital device such as a camera LCD or a computer monitor, or the range of colors contained within a specific image.

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This term refers to the technical standard that has been used to encode information for storage in a computer file. File formats can be designed for one specific type of data or for different types of data.

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A RAW file is the uncompressed and unprocessed image data captured by a digital camera or scanner's sensors. Shooting in RAW captures a high level of image detail, with large file sizes and lossless quality.

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it's the range of light and dark tones in your photos. The human eye has a very high dynamic range — which is why we can see details in both shadows and highlights.

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In film photography, a double exposure is a combination of two exposures in one image to produce evocative results

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The Triadic color scheme is based on three colors that are evenly spaced around the color wheel. Triadic colors have equally spaced hues in the same color family, but they are not directly across from one another. The most common triadic colors are red-orange-yellow, blue-green-violet and red-green-blue.The Triadic color scheme is based on three colors that are evenly spaced around the color wheel. Triadic colors have equally spaced hues in the same color family, but they are not directly across from one another. The most common triadic colors are red-orange-yellow, blue-green-violet and red-green-blue.

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the period of the day just before the sun sets or after it rises, when the light is redder and softer than usual so that photographs taken in it have a pleasing quality : The golden hour is when photographers often do their best work.

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The blue hour is the period of twilight when the Sun is at a significant depth below the horizon. During this time, the remaining sunlight takes on a mostly blue shade. This shade differs from the colour of the sky on a clear day, which is caused by Rayleigh scattering

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PNG is short for Portable Network Graphic, a type of raster image file. It's particularly popular file type with web designers because it can handle graphics with transparent or semi-transparent backgrounds.

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What is a JPEG File? JPEG stands for “Joint Photographic Experts Group”. It's a standard image format for containing lossy and compressed image data. Despite the huge reduction in file size JPEG images maintain reasonable image quality.

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What is a PSD File? PSD (Photoshop Document) is an image file format native to Adobe's popular Photoshop Application. It's an image editing friendly format that supports multiple image layers and various imaging options. PSD files are commonly used for containing high quality graphics data.

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A macro lens is a lens that specifically allows you to focus extremely close to a subject so that it appears large in the viewfinder (and in the final image).

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In film and photography, a prime lens is a fixed focal length photographic lens, typically with a maximum aperture from f2.8 to f1.2. The term can also mean the primary lens in a combination lens system. Confusion between these two meanings can occur without clarifying context

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A telephoto lens, in photography and cinematography, is a specific type of a long-focus lens in which the physical length of the lens is shorter than the focal length