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Therapeutic Class: Antibacterial
Pharmacologic Class: protein synthesis inhibitor

Suffix: Mycin and Micin

Tobramycin

Neomycin

Amikacin

Plazomicin

Paromomycin

Streptomycin

Gentamycin - prototype drug

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MOA: Acts by stopping the protein synthesis of the bacteria

Used to treat serious urinary, respiratory, nervous, or GI infections when less toxic antibiotics are contraindicated.

The common treatments:

Neomycin: Topical infections (skin, eyes, and ears)

Paromomycin: Parasitic infection

Streptomycin: Tuberculosis

Plazomomycin: Complicated urinary tract infections (UTI) with no alternative treatment options

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Rash

Nausea

Vomiting

Diarrhea

Urticaria

Anaphylaxis

Fatigue

Irreversible Ototoxicity

Nephrotoxicity

Superinfection

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Take the medication as directed for the full course of therapy

Adequate hydration (1500-2000 mL/daily)

Report signs of hypersensitivity, tinnitus, vertigo, hearing loss, rash, dizziness, difficulty urinating to healthcare provider immediately

Notify the healthcare provider if pregnant or suspected. This medication is a pregnancy class C and can cause irreversible deafness in babies

DO NOT double dose, if dose is missed

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Increased risk of ototoxicity with concurrent use of any of the following medications:
amphotericin B, furosemide, aspirin, bumetanide, ethacrynic acid, cisplatin, paromomycin

Increased risk of nephrotoxicity with concurrent use of any of the following medications:
amphotericin B, capreomycin, cisplatin, polymyxin B, vancomycin

NO food

NO herbal interactions

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Monitor the culture and sensitivity results before administering the medications

If administrating penicillins or cephalosporins concurrently, administer at separate sites, at least 1 hour apart

Adequate hydration for the patient (1500- 2000mL/day)

Monitor patient for signs and symptoms of:

An allergic reaction

Ototoxicity

Neurotoxicity

Neuromuscular blockade

IM administration is deep into a large muscle

Pregnancy category C

NO specific treatment for over dose

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Neurotoxicity may manifest as ototoxicity - produce a loss of hearing or balance, which may become permanent

Neuromuscular Blockage and Respiratory Paralysis - the drug may cause severe neuromuscular weakness that last for several days

Nephrotoxicity - Signs of reduced kidney function include oliguria, proteinuria, and elevated BUN and creatinine level