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Wilhelm Wundt the first psychology lab (1879)

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Wilhelm Wundt the first psychology lab (1879)

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Wilhelm Wundt, often referred to as the "father of modern psychology," founded the first experimental psychology laboratory at the University of Leipzig in Germany. This marked the beginning of psychology as an experimental and scientific discipline.

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John B. Watson introduces behaviorism (1913)

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John B. Watson introduces behaviorism (1913)

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John Watson published Psychology as the Behaviorist Views It, promoting behaviorism, which focused on observable behaviors rather than internal mental states. Watson argued that all behaviors are learned through interaction with the environment, shaping the course of psychology for decades.

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William James publishes The Principles of Psychology (1890)

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William James publishes The Principles of Psychology (1890)

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William James, an American philosopher and psychologist, published one of the most influential psychology books, The Principles of Psychology. His work laid the foundation for functionalism, focusing on how mental processes help individuals adapt to their environments.

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Sigmund Freud publishes The Interpretation of Dreams (1900)

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Sigmund Freud publishes The Interpretation of Dreams (1900)

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Sigmund Freud's book The Interpretation of Dreams introduced the theory of psychoanalysis, emphasizing the role of unconscious processes in human behavior. Freud's ideas on dream interpretation, repression, and the unconscious mind significantly shaped early 20th-century psychology.

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The 1950s saw the emergence of the cognitive revolution, with psychologists like Noam Chomsky and Ulric Neisser challenging behaviorism. Cognitive psychology began to focus on mental processes such as memory, perception, problem-solving, and language, and became one of the dominant approaches in psychology.