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Management is the process of planning, organizing, leading, and controlling people in the organization to effectively use resources to meet organizational goals.

Without management at a work place the day to day operation of a company would not be as efficient or organized which would affect the company as a whole as they would not be meeting their goals or expectations as employees would not have anyone day to day to assure they are doing their part. There are different levels to management within a company:

First-line Management: Are in charge of making sure the business plans are implemented. They usually report to middle management about internal issues at hand.

Middle Management: receive the business plans from the CEO, or CFO who are top level management and report to top level management.

Top Level Management: are in charge of long-term success of the organization and handle decisions that affect the whole company.

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Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility

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Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility

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Corporate Social Responsibility, also known as CSR, corporate citizenship, or the CEO of Whole Foods likes to refer to it is, conscious capitalism is a business concept that intertwines social and environmental concerns within a company's operation.

Four strategies organizations use to increase CSR are - Environmental Efforts, Philanthropy, Ethical Labor Practices, and Volunteerism.

Environmental Efforts Examples: any action a company may take to reduce a carbon footprint.

Philanthropy Examples: when companies donate to various charities or start charitable programs.

Volunteerism: a company can donate to an event their employees volunteer at or they could reward their employee with a gift card from volunteering at said charity.

Diversity is important in a workplace for many reasons. Everyone deserves to feel comfortable, included and respected. Having different values and upbringings can bring different perspectives in a workplace which can lead to more solutions to a problem through teamwork. Culture plays a big role in the workplace as it can vary employee to employee. Some might have a different goal or desire for their career like moving up in the industry to be a manager while others can be content staying as an assistant.

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Global Organization refers to when a company performs business out of its native company. Globalization is the exchange of goods & services across the boarders. While this can increase profit for a business it also allows a wider access for consumers. This can negatively effect local business who may sell the same product but not have as big of a branding or advertisement as a bigger well known company.

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Planning is the first step of the management process of a organization. This is where a company will set goals and the actions that are required for them to hit those goals.

There can be both positive and negative outcomes when it comes to an organization's plans.

Positive:

provides a clear guide

sets a performance goal which can increase motivation

Negative:

could prevent a company if management gets too consumed planning to the point where they are unable to take action on the plan.

A decision makers may take PESTEL (Political, Economical, Social, Technological, Environmental, Legal) into consideration when trying to understand their interactions within their business.

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Business will face many difficult situations where they need to have management that understand all the aspects before decision making. There is not one set way to decision making it all depends on the decision at hand which is the managers job to determine what's needed. There are many different methods to decision making:

Satisficing: is where the decision being made is less than perfect but the best option with the little information they may have.

Optimizing: is where managers may gather all possible to find the optimal solution.

Intuitive: is an automatic decision coming to your mind like clockwork.

Rational: is more logical and more reasoning behind a decision.

Combinatorial: is when you make a decision based on the final outcome in mind.

Positional: is where there are multiple decision options depending on option needed at that given sequence.

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There are four elements that are used to define an organizational culture:

Common Purpose (the main mission that is clear to manage)

Coordinated Effort (one common purpose in mind that is coordinated in one plan)

Specialization & Division of Labor (dividing tasks into different categories to take on)

Hierarchy of Authority (the power of command at a company - like team leaders report to managers who report to CEOs)

Other elements that can be used when deciding a structure for an organization could also be: centralization & decentralization, and formalization.

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Managing Human Resources & Communications

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Managing Human Resources & Communications

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Human Resources also referred to as "HR" are designed for a company to handle training & development, safety issues, legal issues and manage any and all employee conflicts, this is to not only protect a company but also employees.

Human Resources can play a major role in a business success as they can maximize employee performance and employee turn over rates from providing a healthy organized work environment.

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Communication in a work place is highly important to hit the goals of a business. Without clear & consistent communication a company can easily fail. These communications can be verbal, non-verbal, or written depending on the content being shared.

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Leadership is a very important concept in management. Leadership can be defined as an employee who establishes a direction and uses it to influence others to follow. Some key characteristics for a leadership role might include: influencing, motivating, innovating, and inspiring.

Motivation can effect people on how they might do something, or how much effort they put into that something. There are two different types of motivation: Intrinsic & Extrinsic.

Intrinsic Motivation Examples: social status, interests, beliefs.

Extrinsic Motivation Examples: commissions, bonus, raises.

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A company’s standards and objectives are both equally important to the success and growth of any business. The standards set a baseline of operational rules and practices that the company is run by giving staff a clear black and white rulebook of what can and cant be done. The company objectives however give the staff a goal to work towards and an understanding of where the company is heading. Without both of these elements a company will likely fail.

Total Quality Management (TQM) is an important operational system for any business, this is a way for the company to grow organically by creating a system of quality control that listens to the customer, empowers the employees and ensures that product quality and improvement is done efficiently and without waste. This allows for a company to produce quality products and improve upon them based upon customer influence. Essentially allowing for constant improvement which means their products will continue to be bought as they improve.