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Definition: Interventions in special education refer to strategies, supports, or teaching methods designed to address the unique learning needs of students with disabilities or those at risk of academic failure. These interventions can target areas like behavior, academic skills, social-emotional development, communication, or motor skills. They aim to help students overcome barriers to learning and achieve success in the general education curriculum.

Who would receive interventions?: Students with disabilities like autism spectrum disorder (ASD), emotional disturbances, intellectual disabilities, or developmental delays are just some of them.

Examples of interventions:

Reading Intervention- Specialized programs designed to improve reading skills, such as phonemic awareness, decoding, fluency, and comprehension.

Behavioral Interventions- These interventions address challenging behaviors by teaching students positive alternatives, using reinforcement techniques, and creating structured environments.

Social Skills Training- This involves teaching students appropriate social interactions, communication, conflict resolution, and emotional regulation skills.

Article: https://www.understood.org/en/articles/the-difference-between-interventions-and-accommodations

Title: The Difference Between Interventions and Accommodations

Summary: This blog post explains that interventions are designed to help a student work on a specific skill. Accommodations are made to a student's learning schedule to help them overall have a better learning experience and help remove challenges they may face.

EBP Title: Behavioral interventions for children with autism- The use of behavioral techniques such as ABA (applied behavior analysis) to teach skills and reduce challenging behaviors.

(https://ncaep.fpg.unc.edu/)

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Definition: Differentiation in special education means the process of tailoring instructional methods to meet the diverse needs of all students. This includes those with differing levels of disabilities, and all different types of disabilities at that. The goal of differentiation is to provide a unique learning experience for all students to have an equal opportunity to learn the curriculum and achieve success.

Students who typically experience differentiation in their school day: It's very common for ASD students to have differentiation in their school day because their disability requires them to receive that. Another example is multi-lingual learners because as they are still developing their proficiency in English, they will need differentiated approaches in their learning because of the language development factor.

Examples of Differentiations:

Tiered Instruction- Teachers provide different levels of support to students based on their ability or readiness. For example, some students might receive extra support in reading, while others might receive more challenging tasks to deepen their skills.

Universal Design for Learning-UDL is a framework for designing learning experiences that meet the needs of all students, including those with disabilities. This approach provides multiple means of representation, engagement, and expression.

Article: https://transitionabilities.com/different-ways-to-use-differentiation-in-your-special-education-classroom/

Title: Different ways to use Differentiation in your Special Education Classroom

The article walks through what differentiation in a special education classroom is, and more importantly, how it aligns with IDEA expectations/guidelines. It highlights how to implement differentiation effectively by identifying the student's needs accurately, establishing goals, and assigning different types of work.

EBP Title- The Benefits of Differentiation in the Classroom

https://www.hmhco.com/blog/benefits-of-differentiation-in-the-classroom#:~:text=One%20of%20the%20main%20benefits,need%20on%20their%20learning%20journey.

The EBP discussed in this article is the importance of tailoring instruction to fit your student's needs.

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Different Ways to Use Differentiation in Your Special Education Classroom

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If you need practical tips on differentiation , here are effective strategies to use in your special education classroom!

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Definition: Accommodations are changes to a student's learning plan or school day that include different tools that help them have a better learning experience, as well as an equal opportunity. These tools can be anything from modifications to the learning environment, teaching strategies, or the materials used. They will all be based off of the student and their unique needs.

Who experiences accommodations?: Students with different learning disabilities get accommodations throughout the day. Certain learning disabilities that commonly qualify students for needing accommodations are dyslexia, dyscalculia, and dysgraphia, along with ADHD and ASD. Many students with these disabilities experience accommodations because they aide them through learning. This is normally determined through an IEP or 504 plan.

Examples of Accommodations:

using noise cancellation headphones for students who get overstimulated easily and are sensitive to sound

having a designated quiet work or break room, or oftentimes a sensory room, available at students' disposal when they may need that break from the traditional classroom environment

extended times or deadlines for quizzes, tests, assignments, etc.

behavioral plans and movement breaks

Technology-based tools such as speech-to-text or text-to-speech

Article on Accommodations: https://www.educationadvanced.com/blog/special-education-accommodations-7-types-to-know

Title: Essential Accommodations in Education to Empower Student Success

This blog post is all about the ins and outs of special education accommodations and how each accommodation should be applied to help work out a specific struggle a student is having. It presents seven main accommodations that we see students use the most today, and how to implement them effectively.

HLP #13: Adapt Curriculum Tasks and Materials for Specific Learning Goals (https://highleveragepractices.org/sites/default/files/2020-10/HLP-13-Adaptations.docx#:~:text=Setting%20accommodations%20make%20changes%20to,it%20in%20a%20different%20location.)

This HLP explains how to make modifications or accommodations for student's needs appropriately, and effectively, per an IEP or 504 plan when a student is in need of one to help them learn.

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Special education accommodations are designed to give all students a fair chance to learn and show what they know. These adjustments can involve anything from changing how students engage with the material to altering the environment where they learn.

Each student's needs are different, so accommodations vary. Some students might thrive with fewer distractions, while others may need simplified assignments or visual aids like lecture slides. These changes aren't just helpful - they can be life-changing, ensuring that every student in special education has access to the knowledge and opportunities they deserve.

‍Understanding Educational Accommodations and Modifications

Special education accommodations are vital for ensuring that every student gets the right instruction and support to succeed in school. These accommodations are designed to help students with disabilities access the same general education curriculum as their peers. Modifications, on the other hand, adjust the standards or curriculum for students who need extra time or specialized instruction.

Here are some common examples of accommodations:

Assistive technology: Tools like adapted keyboards, voice recognition software, and specialized devices that help students communicate more effectively.

Seating arrangements: Placing a desk closer to the teacher or positioning easily distracted individuals away from windows to help them focus.

Testing environment adjustments: Providing extra time, breaks during tests, quiet areas free from distractions, or structured reminders tailored to individual needs.

On the modification side, here are a couple of typical examples:

Simplified instructions and extra practice time: Breaking tasks into smaller, more manageable steps - often referred to as "chunking."

Assignment modifications: Allowing verbal responses instead of written ones, shortening assignments, or providing written instructions with visuals to aid understanding.

Essentially, a student with testing accommodations might get extra time on an assessment, while a learner with modifications might have materials tailored to their reading level to help them better grasp the content. Both teachers and families need to understand the difference between accommodations and modifications so that every student gets the right support to thrive.

Looking at Accommodations and Modifications in Practice

Consider Sarah, an 8th grader diagnosed with a learning disability in math and struggles with reading. She's in a standard 8th-grade class co-taught by a general education teacher and a special education teacher. To help Sarah succeed, she receives a mix of modifications and accommodations in her daily routine and during state or district-wide tests.

For example, her reading and writing assignments are shorter than those given to her classmates, and her textbook, though based on the 8th-grade curriculum, is at her independent reading level (4th grade). Sarah also has the option to have test questions read aloud to her and can respond to essay questions orally instead of in writing.

These classroom accommodations have boosted Sarah's confidence during tests and assessments, helping her feel more prepared and capable when facing challenging tasks.

7 Common Types of Accommodations in Education Today

Schools and education stakeholders can implement accommodations in various ways to support students with special needs. Here's a breakdown of how different types of academic accommodations can be applied:

1. Presentation Accommodations

These ensure that material is presented in a way that students can easily understand. Examples include:

Using visuals like bright colors and simple drawings to supplement verbal instructions

Offering presentations in both audio and visual formats

Providing written summaries after giving verbal instructions

Incorporating multimedia tools like videos and audio clips into lessons

2. Response Accommodations

Response accommodations give students with learning disabilities more time to answer questions or process information during lessons. These might involve:

Allowing alternative response methods like pointing or gesturing instead of writing answers

Providing multiple-choice options instead of requiring longer written responses, including graphical or in-line choices

3. Setting Accommodations

These involve adjusting the learning environment to meet the unique needs of special education students. For example:

Preferential seating for students, typically at the front of the class, for easier access to the teacher

Assigning a mentor to offer additional support

Adjusting classroom temperature to help students focus

Arranging desks in groups to encourage collaborative learning

Creating a designated safe space or comfort area in the classroom

Allowing students to finish tasks at home or spread out over several days if needed

4. Timing Accommodations

These provide extra time for tasks that require concentration, such as:

Giving students additional time to complete tests or assignments

Allowing more time on exams (e.g., an extra hour for test-taking)

Offering flexible deadlines for submitting assignments

5. Organization Skills Accommodations

These classroom accommodations help students stay organized and on task. Examples include:

Using calendars to track due dates

Color-coding important information or notes

Breaking down large tasks into smaller, manageable steps with checklists

Establishing a daily routine that includes study times and breaks

Prioritizing tasks so students know which assignments to tackle first

Providing organizational tools like folders and notebooks

6. Scheduling Accommodations

Scheduling accommodations help students focus on their strengths without the added pressure of keeping up with peers. These can include:

Taking tests at a specific time of day

Receiving one-on-one instruction in subjects like English or Math

Having more time to complete reading assignments or papers

7. Behavior Accommodations

These accommodations foster a positive and supportive learning environment. Examples include:

Using positive reinforcement to encourage good behavior

Implementing behavior plans that outline expectations and consequences

Providing incentives for appropriate behavior

Giving frequent reminders of classroom rules and expectations

Offering choices in assignments or activities to boost motivation

Key Steps for Implementing Accommodation Processes in Schools

Implementing effective accommodation processes in schools doesn't have to be overwhelming - here are some key steps to help you create a supportive learning environment for every learner:

Start with a solid identification process: Make sure you have a system in place to spot students who need accommodations, so no one gets overlooked.

Craft personalized plans: Use IEPs or 504 plans to tailor accommodations to fit each student's unique needs, ensuring the right support.

Keep the communication flowing: Open, ongoing conversations between teachers, students, and parents are key to staying on the same page and achieving success.

Track and tweak: Regularly monitor how well accommodations are working and adjust as needed to keep students progressing.

Best Practices and Technology for Improving Your Accommodation Processes

To improve your accommodation processes and better support every student, consider the following best practices:

Team up with specialists: Collaborate with special education teachers, psychologists, and other experts to create classroom accommodations that truly work for your students.

Get students involved: Bring learners into the conversation- they know their needs best and can offer valuable insights.

Equip your staff: Ongoing training on accommodation strategies empowers your teachers and staff to better support students.

Keep it flexible: Regularly review and tweak your accommodations to make sure they're still hitting the mark as individuals progress.

Leverage tech tools: Boost your accommodation game with cutting-edge solutions like text-to-speech, speech-to-text, and organization tools that help learners thrive.

Boost Your Support for Students With Education Advanced

Academic accommodations for learners are crucial in helping them reach their full potential and student achievement. By using a tailored mix of presentation, response, setting, timing, organization, scheduling, and behavior accommodations, teachers can create an environment where every student has an equal opportunity to thrive.

For students in special education, the right accommodations can make all the difference. These adjustments don't alter test scores; instead, they adapt the learning environment to meet individual needs, allowing learners to fully access and demonstrate their understanding of the material.

Tools like TestHound ensure that each student receives the accommodations they need, giving them an equal chance to succeed. If your school is looking for ways to enhance the learning experience, consider automating tasks and streamlining processes to free up more time for teaching.

Education Advanced offers a range of tools designed to help, including:

Evaluation: A solution that documents every step of the staff evaluation process, from walk-throughs to self-evaluations, with performance analytics and reporting features.

Pathways: A graduation tracking tool that allows administrators and counselors to monitor and analyze students' progress, ensuring they stay on track to graduate.

TestHound: A test accommodation software that helps schools manage thousands of students across state and local K-12 assessments, taking into account accommodations for reading disabilities, physical disabilities, translations, and more.

These tools will empower your school to provide a more inclusive and supportive learning environment, enabling all students to succeed.

‍

‍ Original Publish Date March 2, 2023 | Updated August 15, 2024

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Essential Accommodations in Education To Empower Student Success

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Explore common accommodations and best practices to support special education students and how to leverage effective strategies and tech tools for success.

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Definition: Adaptations are modifications or changes made to the curriculum, instruction, or environment to help students with disabilities learn in a more effective way. Alterations made to the curriculum are to give students more obtainable goals when it comes to learning.

Who receives adaptations? Students with learning disabilities such as dyslexia or dysgraphia need adaptations like speech-to-text or text-to-speech. Others with ADHD may need to use things like fidget tools to help them focus. Intellectual disabilities and sensory impairments can allow a student to receive adaptations as well.

Examples of Adaptations:

1. Specific seating arrangement- A student with ADHD may need a seat away from a window or high-traffic areas of the classroom so they are less easily distracted. Or, an ASD student in an inclusive environment may need a seat close to the door/exit so they can leave more nonchalantly in the case of when they need to take a break.

2. Extra time for testing- A student with dyslexia may receive extra time for a reading assessment so they are able to complete it to the best of their ability.

Article: https://www.edutopia.org/blog/need-for-adaptation-in-schools-matt-levinson

Title: The Need for Adaptations in School

This article shares a lot of insight and different approaches to explaining adaptations in the real world, and connects it back to adaptations in schools. They use the other examples to support why it is so necessary to have in schools. It also consists of videos with testimonies.

EBP Title: Implementing Evidence Based Practices in Special Education- It's explained how EBPs must be adapted to meet the specific cultural and individual needs of the student population. This may involve modifying instructional materials or approaches to ensure they are culturally responsive and appropriate for students with various backgrounds and needs, which supports how essential adaptations are.

https://magrid.education/implementing-evidence-based-practices-in-special-education/#:~:text=EBPs%20must%20be%20adapted%20to,with%20various%20backgrounds%20and%20needs.

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To meet Generation Z in their information-rich, results-oriented world, educators must think about adapting a new game plan to serve a new breed of student.

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Definition: In special education, modifications also refer to changes made to the curriculum or learning goals to accommodate a student with disabilities. It essentially changes what a student is expected to learn and/or demonstrate.

Who experiences modifications to their learning goals or curriculum? Modifications are a more serious change to accommodate a student's disability, so only the more severe learning disabilities receive modifications. Some of those include intellectual disabilities, ASD, or severe language/speech impairments. There are many more that could fall into this category as well, because after all, this determination is on a student case and need basis. The goal is for students to have a fair opportunity to show improvements in what they've learned and can demonstrate that learning.

Examples of Modifications:

1. Simplified assignment- A student with an intellectual disability may get to complete an assignment with fewer or simplified problems on it compared to their peers so it's easier for them to understand.

2. Alternative assessment- Instead of having to do something like an essay, a student with a learning disability may be given an alternative to still demonstrate what they've learned, but in a different way. It would be determined based on the student's strengths, but an example of one for an essay could be a short speech on the topic instead.

Article: https://www.readingrockets.org/helping-all-readers/inclusive-classrooms/accommodations-and-modifications

Title- Accommodations and Modifications

The article says, "Accommodations remove learning barriers in the classroom to provide every child with equal access to learning...Modifications are changes to what a child is taught and expected to do in class." It gives a table that is useful to depict between accommodations and modifications, because the definitions of each are different. There are also many resources and ideas provided of different modifications teachers may decide to use, so I found this article to be very useful.

HLP- Implementing organizational routines: https://library.teachingworks.org/curriculum-resources/teaching-practices/implementing-organizational-routines/

I thought that this HLP connected to modifications because each student would have a different organizational routine that worked best for them, and as a teacher, you have to do your best to know your students' strengths and weaknesses and which routine would work the best for them. Modifications take part in this for students with disabilities, who would receive a more simplified organizational routine while still learning the skill sufficiently.

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A strategy used to help a student with learning needs access the same curriculum as his peers.

A strategy used to help a student with learning needs achieve the same curriculum as his peers.

Curriculum learning expectations and outcomes are the same.

Curriculum learning expectations and outcomes are different.

Occurs in the general education classroom.

Occurs in the general education classroom.

Tools, materials, technology, visual aids, physical space, and timing are used to help the student access the currculum.

Tools, materials, technology, visual aids, physical space, and timing are used to help the student achieve the currculum.

Grading is the same.

Grading is different and appropriate to the student's specific developmental level and learning needs.

The basics

Accommodations for Students with LD
See examples of accommodations that allow students with learning disabilities to show what they know without giving them an unfair advantage. Accommodations are divided into the following categories: how information is presented to the student, how the student can respond, timing of tests and lessons, the learning environment, and test scheduling.

Accommodating Students with Dyslexia in All Classroom Settings
This fact sheet describes reasonable accommodations involving materials, interactive instruction, and student performance to help children with learning problems in general education and special education classrooms.

Dysgraphia Accommodations and Modifications
Learn the signs and symptoms of dysgraphia, see a menu of accommodations and modifications, and view remediation recommendations to help students improve their writing.

Visual schedules and structures

Visual Schedules in the School Setting
A visual schedule communicates the sequence of upcoming activities or events through the use of objects, photographs, icons, or words. Find out how to set up visual schedules in your classroom to support your students.

Visual Structure in the School Setting
Visual structure adds a physical or visual component to tasks to help students with ASD to understand how an activity should be completed. Get ideas on how to implement visual structure in your classroom and support your students' independence.

Do You See What I Mean? Visual Literacy Supports for Students with Disabilities
Many learners with disabilities are visual learners and are best able to understand and remember content when they can see it represented in some way; in other words, they need to "see what we mean." Three visual supports helpful for teaching and supporting literacy development are described here: picture books, graphic notes, and story kits.

Visual Supports for Students with ASD
Browse this collection of visual supports and other resources to help your students with ASD be successful socially and academically in school. You'll find templates for social rules, classroom rules, emotional support, schedules, and more.

Visual supports in the classroom

Autism expert Brenda Smith Myles talks about the importance of visual supports in the general education classroom. See the full interview with Dr. Myles here ›

Using visual supports to teach students with ASD across environments

This webcast from Virginia Commonwealth University provides educators who work with students with Autism Spectrum Disorder an opportunity to learn how to incorporate visual supports into their classrooms. Learn the importance of using visuals within four critical areas: instruction, environment, behavior, and communication.

More resources on accommodations and modifications

Common Accommodations and Modifications in School
There are many ways teachers can help kids who are struggling in school. Here are some common accommodations and modifications that schools and families can discuss as possible options for kids. ( Understood )

Modifications: What You Need to Know
For kids with learning and thinking differences, school can be challenging. If a child is struggling, one possible strategy is giving him less schoolwork or simpler assignments. This is called a modification. It's not the same as an accommodation. While modifications can make school easier for kids, they can have serious drawbacks, too. Here's what you need to know about academic modifications. ( Understood )

Accommodations vs modifications

Hear from parent advocate Amanda Morin on the difference between accommodations and modifications, and how each one impacts a child's experience in the classroom. (From Understood )

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Accommodations remove learning barriers in the classroom to provide every child with equal access to learning. An example is offering an audio version of classroom text for a student with dyslexia or visual supports for children with ASD. Modifications are changes to what a child is taught and expected to do in class.

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Definition: Specially Designed Instruction (SDI) refers to tailored teaching strategies, methods, and techniques used to meet the unique needs of students with disabilities. It is a core component of special education services and focuses on providing individualized support to help students access and succeed in the general education curriculum.

What students experience SDI? For SDI, since it's based around tailored teaching techniques for individuals, any student who is in need of an instructionalized teaching strategy that they need to have 1:1 will experience SDI's throughout their school day. Students with physical disabilities, ASD, blindness or deafness are commonly associated with SDI's so they can have a unique instructional method for what works best for them.

Examples of SDIs:

1. Multisensory for reading- Students with dyslexia often have the option to use multisensory tools to read. This means they will have visuals, auditory, and kinesthetic learning strategies associated with their reading.

2. Behavioral Support with positive reinforcement- For students who have EBD and are placed on behavioral plans, they can have the opportunity to receive incentives for staying on task, using preferred coping skills, and engaging in appropriate behavior for the school setting.

Article: https://www.studentachievementsolutions.com/demystifying-specifically-designed-instruction/

Title- Demystifying Specifically Designed Instruction- Reading this was helpful to breakdown what an SDI was as someone who has never heard the term before. The author broke it down into detail and described the structure of creating them, and how they are different than accommodations or modifications.

HLP: Methodology and tailoring instruction: https://highleveragepractices.org/topics/specially-designed-instruction

Most SDI's are created because an IEP calls for it, and it follows the IDEA guidelines of adapting and giving each eligible child the resources they need to have a fair opportunity at learning. Because of unique needs, students often need unique learning experiences, which is why SDI comes into play here.

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Center for Student Achievement Solutions

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Every student's learning needs are unique and deserve personalized attention. This is the foundation of Specially Designed Instruction (SDI), an educational approach developed to meet the individual learning needs of students with disabilities. This article is a comprehensive guide for school leaders, general and special education teachers, and paraprofessionals seeking to understand and implement SDI to maximize student success.

SDI: A Deeper Look

In legal terms, SDI refers to a series of organized and strategically planned instructional strategies, typically conducted by a special education professional. These high-leverage instructional strategies are customized to address the specific needs of each student, considering the impact of their disability on their learning process.

SDI differs from student to student, depending on their specific needs and learning objectives. Its primary aim is to ensure that students with disabilities can participate in the general education classroom, aligning with the same academic standards as their non-disabled classmates.

SDI is the collection of methods employed by educators to identify and close the learning gaps experienced by special education students. In essence, SDI paves the way for these students to make progress towards the goals and learning objectives outlined in their Individualized Education Program (IEP).

Differentiating SDI from Accommodations and Modifications

While accommodations and modifications refer to changes that help students access learning content, SDI extends further. It encapsulates the actual instruction and adaptation of that instruction, which may incorporate accommodations and modifications. Importantly, while accommodations and modifications can be implemented without a special education professional, SDI requires the expertise of such professionals.

SDI in Practice: Content, Methodology, and Delivery

SDI is achieved by appropriately adapting the three core elements of instruction: content, methodology, and delivery.

Content Adaptation

Content, in this context, refers to the specific knowledge or skills taught to a student, consistent with the grade and curriculum of the school or district. In SDI, content adaptations ensure that the knowledge or skills taught differ from those provided to the student's peers yet align with the same academic standards.

Methodological Adaptation

SDI leverages different instructional techniques to teach students based on their unique needs defined in their IEP. For instance, the Orton-Gillingham approach, designed for students struggling with reading and writing, may be one such specific instructional method employed.

Adaptation of Delivery

SDI also considers the exact manner in which the instruction is delivered to the student. This must be systematic, explicit, and utilize high-leverage instructional strategies. This could include one-on-one or small group instruction which takes place during the general education class period.

Key Characteristics of SDI

To further clarify, SDI has a series of defining features:

It is designed based on a child's unique needs and is systematic and intentional.

SDI is adaptable to any setting throughout the school day.

It is consistent with the IEP and ensures the student's placement in the least restrictive environment.

SDI focuses on the ambitious goals and learning objectives in the student's IEP.

It aims to close learning gaps, enabling students to achieve grade-level academic standards.

SDI is individual-specific and does not apply universally in a classroom.

It can address various needs, including behavioral, communication, academic, and health needs.

SDI maintains high expectations and learning standards for students with disabilities.

It is continuously monitored to ensure effectiveness.

However, differentiation, providing accommodations and modifications, or employing active learning strategies do not fall under SDI.

SDI vs. Core Instruction: A Comparative Analysis

While core instruction pertains to the standard teaching method based on a general curriculum, SDI is personalized to each student's unique needs. Both align with set standards and expectations for students, can be executed in a general education classroom setting, and utilize general education teaching strategies.

However, several key distinctions set them apart:

SDI is tailored to each student's needs, while core instruction is designed for all students.

SDI is a part of a student's Individualized Education Program (IEP), as guaranteed by the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA).

A qualified special education professional must deliver SDI.

Students eligible for SDI might also receive specific testing accommodations.

SDI may be conducted in a location separate from the general education classroom.

Despite these differences, the end goal of SDI is to help the student progress within the general education curriculum, mirroring the Multi-Tiered System of Support (MTSS). Both approaches employ evidence-based practices and interventions to support students; the key difference lies in their delivery - MTSS through an intervention plan and SDI through a student's IEP.

Embracing SDI: A Pathway to Inclusive Education

In conclusion, SDI offers a structured approach to cater to the unique learning needs of each student with a disability. Through personalized content, methodology, and delivery of instruction, it ensures no student is left behind in the pursuit of academic success. As education professionals, understanding and implementing SDI in our classrooms can be a game-changer in our mission to create an inclusive and productive learning environment for all students.

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Specially Designed Instruction (SDI), an educational approach developed to meet the individual learning needs of students with disabilities.