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Not easy for the elderly to operate
Older people often find it challenging to use intelligent devices (Leung et al., 2012)[9].

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Mental health problems in the elderly
Unmet mental health care is a common problem in Australia (Muir-Cochrane et al., 2014)[4]. Older people are less likely to consult psychologists and health professionals than younger people (Parslow & Jorm, 2000)[5].

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[1] LoGiudice, D. (2016). The health of older aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Australasian Journal on Ageing, 35(2), 82-85. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajag.12332

[2] Couteur, D. G. L., Flicker, L., & Hilmer, S. N. (2022). Geriatric medicine and health care for older people in Australia. Age and Ageing, 51(3). https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afac001

[3] Gardiner, F. W., Richardson, A. M., Bishop, L., Harwood, A., Gardiner, E., Gale, L., Teoh, N., Lucas, R. M., & Laverty, M. (2019). Health care for older people in rural and remote Australia: challenges for service provision. The Medical Journal of Australia, 211(8), 363-364. https://doi.org/10.5694/mja2.50277

[4] Muir-Cochrane, E., O’Kane, D., Barkway, P., Oster, C., & Fuller, J. (2014). Service provision for older people with mental health problems in a rural area of Australia. Aging & Mental Health, 18(6), 759-766. https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2013.878307

[5] Parslow, R. A., & Jorm, A. F. (2000). Who Uses Mental Health Services in Australia? An Analysis of Data from the National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 34(6), 997-1008. https://doi.org/10.1080/000486700276

[6] Loh, P., Flicker, L., & Horner, B. (2009). Attitudes Toward Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in Residential Aged Care in Western Australia. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 10(6), 408-413. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2009.02.012.

[7] Ambagtsheer, R. C., Shafiabady, N., Dent, E., Seiboth, C., & Beilby, J. (2020). The application of artificial intelligence (AI) techniques to identify frailty within a residential aged care administrative data set. International Journal of Medical Informatics, 136, 1386-5056. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2020.104094.

[8] Gianfrancesco, M. A., Tamang, S., Yazdany, J., & Schmajuk, G. (2018). Potential biases in machine learning algorithms using electronic health record data. JAMA Intern Med, 178(11), 1544-1547. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2018.3763

[9] Leung, R., Tang, C., Haddad, S., Mcgrenere, J., Graf, P., & Ingriany, V. (2012). How older adults learn to use mobile devices: Survey and field investigations. ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing, 4(3), 1-33. https://doi.org/10.1145/2399193.2399195

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Robotic Applications in Aged Care

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Our client is a private robotics developer who wants to understand the aged-care robot market to improve their products.

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Inadequate health care in remote Australia

Older people living in remote Australia have to travel hundreds of kilometers to reach nearby health services (Gardiner et al., 2019)[3].

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Physical health concerns of older Australians

Aged care is a form of protection against physical health problems. For example, one in three Aboriginal people over 45 have falls, impaired mobility, urinary incontinence, and poor hearing (LoGiudice, 2016)[1].

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What is the greatest area of need in Australian aged care?

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Lack of intelligent technology
The reliability of intelligent applications currently under development is insufficient. Gianfrancesco et al. (2018) state that the inaccuracy of electronic health record data has a detrimental effect on machine learning[8].

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One of the largest areas of aged care in Australia is health care. Here are some recommendations for our client:

1. Robots should be designed to contribute to the physical and mental health of the elderly.

2. Aged care robots should be user-friendly for older people living alone in remote Australia.