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Economic inequality, political corruption, and social unrest in Cuba.

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Fulgencio Batista comes to power through a coup, establishing an authoritarian regime.

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Batista stages another coup, further concentrating power and increasing repression.

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Fidel Castro leads an unsuccessful attack on the Moncada Barracks, marking the start of the revolution.

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Castro, along with Che Guevara and others, launches the 26th of July Movement, engaging in guerrilla warfare against Batista's regime.

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Batista flees Cuba as Castro's forces take control of Havana.

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Fidel Castro becomes Prime Minister of Cuba.

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Land reforms and redistribution.

Nationalization of industries and foreign-owned properties.

Education and healthcare improvements.

Foreign Relations:

Shift towards socialist policies, leading to strained relations with the United States.

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Fidel Castro's long-term rule, his brother Raúl succeeding him in 2008.

Economic challenges, including the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 and the ongoing U.S. embargo.

Social and political changes, with Cuba remaining a one-party state.