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A teacher was found to be teaching a Bible story to 10-year-old children outside of school hours in German. This went against a state law in Nebraska, where teaching in foreign languages was prohibited. It was a part of Nebraska's belief that incorporating foreign languages and culture in the classroom was against the best interests of the United States of America. The U.S. Supreme Court ruled against this, stating that prohibiting the education of foreign languages is unconstitutional based on the Fourteenth Amendment.

This court case was one of the first and leading examples of supporting ELL education. The reinforcement of English-only education has been pushed for centuries in a country built on foreign immigrants and cultural diversity. Meyer v. Nebraska encourages the inclusion of diversity, and that doing anything against this goes against the rights of the American people. Cases such as this one are a cornerstone in the movement of bilingual education, and it is important to highlight these changes in educational history.

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The Bilingual Education Act is Title VII of the 1965 Elementary and Secondary Education Act. This made it federal policy to put bilingual programs into the educational system. Federal funds were now able to be used in order to support bilingual education programs and minority students.

This act was a huge moment in bilingual education. In 1968, it was now a part of federal law to support bilingual and minority students in education. Students were now able to get the materials and the tools they needed in the classroom. Funding was now given in order to make meeting these needs easier and more successful. Without this act, there is no telling how much longer bilingual and minority students would have gone without having their needs met.

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As part of the Recovery Act, the 44th U.S. President, Barack Obama, announced 'Race to the Top' (RTTT). RTTT gave $4.3 billion into programs designed to reform education. There were four main goals of this program: 1) to set standards to prepare students for college, 2) to find effective teachers and principals, 3) to build data systems to collect student data that informs teaching, and 4) to put intervention strategies in place for low-performing schools. However, this program still includes standardized testing, and teacher evaluations were connected to student performance.

The RTTT has positive impacts on education, particularly the development of educational systems. However, standardized testing has always remained a giant struggle for students. Classroom performance often does not reflect on test scores. These testing systems mainly affect ELL students and many other students with needs. Though this was a big step and development in bilingual education, there were still aspects that negatively impacted and stressed people/students of minorities.

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In California in 2011, legislation was passed that is called the Seal of Biliteracy. These were awarded to graduating seniors who have bilingual skills, and the seal is incorporated on their diplomas. This was placed to recognize those who have proficiency in two or more languages and encourage biliteracy.

I believe this is an important time in history as it directly fights against previous initiatives such as "English for the children". Students, teachers, administration, and school systems are now celebrated for the efforts put towards bilingualism. This Seal also became a looking point on resumes for employers. Students could be chosen for employment based on the inclusion of the Seal on their diplomas. Those who learned multiple languages and became proficient in them were rewarded for their hard work and empowered by the positivity behind bilingualism.

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In November of 2019, Republican Don Young led the establishment of the Congressional Caucus on America's Languages. The goals of this Caucus were to increase world languages studies, improve education for ELL and Native Americans, and support the increase of bilingual people. So, this Caucus served the needs of ELL students and citizens along with Native American people. This Caucus also supported the Seals of Biliteracy.

Don Young led a movement to further support world language in the United States of America. In order to support the growth of language usage, one must also support the education of these people. This Congressional Caucus helped encourage bilingualism through financial means and the systematic support of bilingual and world language learners. Education is something that can always change and grow, and movements such as this emphasize the importance of continuing to adapt, especially in terms of meeting the needs of all students.