# data[].attributes.body
Jayme, Thomas, Aleksander, Josiah, Adrian, Jordan, Peter

# data[].attributes.body
1. Working with vulnerable groups

2. The topic in itself could raise past trauma (talking about human rights)

3. Language and accessibility of vocabulary for non English speakers

4. Consent and understanding what the research was about

# data[].attributes.body
Key ethics considerations include participants potentially experiencing privacy breaches or inducing trauma. Social/psychological harm from experiencing doxing may harm relationships between the victim and their family.

# data[].attributes.body
This study would be considered high risk due to the discussions regarding human rights and the potential for re-traumatising individuals through the conversations.

Moreover, in order to ensure trust with individuals, safety of locations where interviews were held would be a factor.

Rates of PTSD and Trauma with refugees is also far higher and participating in the study may make things worse. Informed consent plays into this and also the importance of having professionals to support participants throughout the process.

# data[].attributes.headline
Feedback: Maz Cabban, Nikolina Kuridza, riley coutts, Haneen Sabsabi, Emma Putar-Vrcek, Tara Smider

# data[].attributes.subject
Feedback: Maz Cabban, Nikolina Kuridza, riley coutts, Haneen Sabsabi, Emma Putar-Vrcek, Tara Smider

# data[].attributes.body
Psychological harm - Participants can feel re-traumatised, feel guilt and fear in disclosing their personal experience.

maybe explore how abuse of power wont be abused???

Legal harms - The government makes it difficult for refugees to seek asylum, interviews without anonymity may cause legal issues with consent.

# data[].attributes.body
The research is conducted regarding the turbulent dynamics between protestors and policemen during the Hong Kong Protests. The role of the population in the research is to open varying persepctives on the cause and impacts of doxxing, as well as further implications for those involved. Interviews may cause psychological and social harm, causing PTSD and perhaps affecting strained relationship dynamics.

In the case that harm is afflicted, available support services include:

1. Lifeline

2. Hong Kong Red Cross

# data[].attributes.body
1. Refugees understanding of human rights

2. Interviews to obtain qualitative data on understandings and perspectives

3. Risks as per above

4. Benefits to the research include greater awareness on the topic, unpacking colonising ideas of how refugees understand human rights and their experiences, giving voices to marginalised groups.

# data[].attributes.body
This would be a high risk application as doxing because interviewing or speaking to participants may bring up traumatic and sensitive topics.

There wouldn't be many plausible risks for the researcher, more so for the participants involved.

# data[].attributes.body
I think its also important to consider the role the interviewer plays in guiding and navigating the participants response through cultural presentation. To facilitate ethical research practices should the study include

cultural representation and diversity among interviewers to help create a safe, comfortable, and culturally inclusive space for participants? Could this help minimise covert cultural bias, producing more authentic research outcomes?

# data[].attributes.body
1. Working with secondary data of individuals that are/were involved with illegal activities

2. Maintaining anonymity with the data (ensuring that there are no key outliers to identify the individuals)

3. Do you give consent to your data if you commit illegal activities?

# data[].attributes.body
1. Lifeline

2. Transcultural mental health line

# data[].attributes.body
1. Summary of ethics considerations:

She is interviewing people who are vulnerable to dowry abuse.

2. Is this a minimum or 'low risk' ethics application or is it 'high risk'

Therefore, she is is a high risk ethics

application, for the participants mostly. they could suffer further mistreatment as a result of involvement by their family and their ex/husband.

3. consider if you were to interview the population being research

protect their anonymity

cultural significance

3. identify 2 free support services to refer people to

domestic violence group - white ribbon Australia

specific to dowry abuse - inTouch Australia

# data[].attributes.body
great points written about the ethics application- although, I am curious to ask whether there would actually be ethical implications for the researcher??? - Olivia N

# data[].attributes.body
The study would be considered lower risk since it revolves around the analysis of secondary data of whether vocational and ducation training in prison was effective in reducing the likelihood of reoffending once prisoners were released from prison.

# data[].attributes.body
I would consider there would be moderate risk for researchers given the criticism on governments regarding the doxxing of protesters.

# data[].attributes.body
1. Working with secondary data of individuals that are/were involved with illegal activities

2. Maintaining anonymity with the data (ensuring that there are no key outliers to identify the individuals)

3. Do you give consent to your data if you commit illegal activities?

4. How is the data maintained and protected?

1. if breaches were to happen the lives of those individuals would be irreparably damaged

# data[].attributes.body
In order to mitigate the risk of language barriers or misinterpretation of language you could:

1. Employ an interpreter

2. Employ a translator for the consent forms

3. Pre screening for baseline levels of English and/or what languages may be required for the interpreter to speak

# data[].attributes.body
Lily, Manahil, Larraine, Violet

# data[].attributes.headline
Do you need to consider your information form in languages other than English?

# data[].attributes.subject
Do you need to consider your information form in languages other than English?

# data[].attributes.headline
I agree with Olivia - how will you protect yourself? - Anne Maree

# data[].attributes.subject
I agree with Olivia - how will you protect yourself? - Anne Maree

# data[].attributes.body
Purpose - To find out effectiveness of training while in prison on recidivism

Consent - A consent form would be given to individuals prior to interviews

Benefits - Can potentially improve training whilst in prison based on evidence from lived experiences

Risks - Potentially forcing individuals to reevaluate a negative time in their life. Interviewer - potentially involved with dangerous individuals. Controlled space for interview and helplines/support for the participants

# data[].attributes.body
This case study would be considered as a low risk on the ethics application as there isn’t any risk conducting this research which would pose a threat to the interviewer. however, This would be a High risk for the participants as they could possible suffer further mistreatment and abuse from family and/or their ex/husband as a result of being involved with this research.

- Mohamad

# data[].attributes.body
I agree with your point about the case study being high risk but there are some risks to the interviewer too. Repeated exposure to another person's traumatic experiences can cause vicarious trauma. So, the researcher should also consider ways they can minimise harm to themselves after the interview too. E.g. engaging in self care

-Larraine

# data[].attributes.body
Research studies of doxxing as a tool for political protest could endanger participants and protesters.Publicly disseminating information on the use of doxxing as a political protest strategy may unintentionally legitimise or repeat destructive strategies, putting people at risk of retaliations, surveillance, or legal action. Researchers run the danger of disclosing identifying information about activists, targets, or online groups or amplifying sensitive personal data, which might result in more harassment or governmental surveillance. Strict data-protection procedures, anonymisation of any identifying information, and careful consideration of how conclusions are presented are all necessary to reduce these dangers and prevent future repercussions for participants.

# data[].attributes.body
I dont agree that it would be low risk - it is high risk for both parties in my opinion. whilst most of the risk does fall upon the participants, there is still significant risk for the interveiwer. Like Larriane said the emotional toll of taking in another persons trauma pushes it into a high risk as well as the potential for the ex partners of the participants to use the interviewer to contact the interviewer in an attempt to find participants.

Ella Stanbury

# data[].attributes.body
I disagree that it would be a lower risk study simply due to the fact that it consists of interviews with potentially dangerous individuals. Even accounting for the fact that all contact and interaction may be through online mediums, there is always a certain level of risk involved when publishing a study that is centred around criminals and alike.

Noah S

# data[].attributes.body
I think I agree with Ella and Larraine. It would be a high risk for both parties. The interviewees are at risk because they have to relive their traumas, and there could be a risk of their ex-partners further mistreating them, even despite the precautions taken by Sarah Singh. Furthermore, as stated, the interviewer could also take on some of the baggage spoken about during the interview process.

Ailis

# data[].attributes.body
The biggest concern I have with this research is Cale's discussion on how he obtained the records and information of prisoners from correctional facilities. This is because Cale failed to mention if there was any clear informed consent that prisoners/former prisoners gave any clear yes as well as if it is legal to obtain this information without any consent.

This is more concerning in regards to former inmates as they have left the criminal justice system. Is the records of their life within prison and outside in society be allowed to be distributed for research. Or is it that once an individual enters the justice system, they voluntarily give their personal information despite how minor or severe the crime is.

Adrian TU

# data[].attributes.body
Trauma-informed practice is also vital in this instance. As mentioned in the responses, PTSD rates are much higher in displaced populations is estimated to be around 55% (https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11250486/#:~:text=Results,exacerbating%20post%2Dmigration%20living%20difficulties). Therefore when working with vulnerable groups, especially on sensitive topics like human rights, particularly in populations whose rights have been repeatedly violated, it is crucial to have a psychologist available to provide support if needed and for the researcher to be adequately prepared to aid study participants in the event of a PTSD episode.

# data[].attributes.body
I agree with Manahil. I believe the research must be trauma informed because the participants in the study are displaced people who are more likely to suffer from PTSD. This is a high risk study because conversations on human rights and prior experiences can cause anxiety. Researchers should receive training on identifying symptoms of trauma reactions in order to safely handle this and a licensed mental health practitioner should be on hand to provide assistance if required. Paying attention to informed consent, as well as considering interview settings that prioritise privacy, comfort and safety promotes ethical practice and helps protect participants throughout the study.

# data[].attributes.body
I also agree with what has been said, but also, how will you find participants that are willing? Would this be on a voluntary basis, or will people be chosen at random for this? If it is voluntary, doesn't this also create a bias within the results? How can a wholistic overview of the problem be achieved if there is not data from both the high risk and low risk ends of reoffending?

Olivia G

# data[].attributes.headline
Comment on possibility of re-trauma - jayme

# data[].attributes.subject
Comment on possibility of re-trauma - jayme

# data[].attributes.body
I think for this particular case it's important to gather data from researchers who have training with experience/training when working with participants talking about their trauma. Also, since the rates of PTSD and trauma in refugees is higher than others, participating in this study may see a re-trigger of their experiences.