# data[].attributes.body
I wouldn't give up my pet for someone I dont even know. Having a pet you will build a special connection with that pet. So why would I want to lose something I care for just to help a random person I don't even know. I don't think this would be fair becuase loved animals would be killed just to help a stranger.

# data[].attributes.body
Okay, that is a crazy tough question. I don't think anyone should die in vain, but I don't wanna lose my dog. Thats not fair at all.

# data[].attributes.body
Something I learned in the article is how cinco de mayo became so famous here in america because of marketing. Also I didn't know that cinco de mayo started in mexico becuase of mexican laborers, I thought it was started by the whole country Another thing that drew my attention was how the article mentioned that here in america cinco de mayo is celebrated like their 4th of July I knew cinco de mayo was celebrated here but I didn't notice how big they celebrated it.

# data[].attributes.body
I don't think one human is worth hundreds of animals. That's sad and cruel, animals shouldn't be used to make our hair care or face products. I think us humans forget that we only have one planet, we can't just move when the going gets tough. We need to fix the problem now before it's to late. Killing thousands of innocent animals is one of the problems we face.

# data[].attributes.body
If you had the option to save a strangers life by giving up your own or one of your family members pet, would you think its fair? what would you chose to do and why?

# data[].attributes.body
Is hundreds of animals of different species lives worth saving one single human life? Explain.

# data[].attributes.body
Diana your art post is scary powerful. It really shows how bad it is to test on animals. I would hate if someone was using my body as a test. I feel so bad for the animals, because they can't speak up like we can. Im glad There are people like you to help change and speak up. Your picture really has me thinking, why hasn't this stopped. Im learning a lot from reading your post.

# data[].attributes.body
The picture you chose is a really good way to show how animal testing shouldn't be done. I agree with you about how animals shouldn't be caged their entire lives. I like how you pointed out that the human is in pain. It shows that it's the same thing animals feels. Also, pointing out the humans in the cages is something to think about. Showing the humans looking scared and wanting to get out is exactly how animals feel when they're in that situation. I think the picture you chose was a great way to show that animals have feelings just like humans do.

# data[].attributes.body
I 100% completely agree how not everyone in the USA can be happy. I think it's because people have become so sensitive about hurting other peoples feelings as well as people being so easily hurt. Also there's so many cultures here that no matter what you do, or what you say, someone gets their feelings hurt.. So are there too many cultures? I don't know for certain, but I'm leaning towards yes

# data[].attributes.body
This picture relates to my topic of animal experimentaion, it shows how many test are done to one animal by mutiple sciencetist.This picture also shows roles being reversed between scienctist and animals who are experimented on. In this picture it shows how the person being experimented looks in a lot of pain. Also inthe background you see many caged humans wanting to go out, humans, as well as animals shouldn't be in a cage their whole life. switching the roles, made me realize, while animals are being tested on all their dignity is taken away

# data[].attributes.body
Ask the experimenters why they experiment on animals, and the answer is: "Because the animals are like us." Ask the experimenters why it is morally okay to experiment on animals, and the answer is: "Because the animals are not like us." Animal experimentation rests on a logical contradiction. ~Charles R. Magel

This quote strongly relates to my topic and all the other articles I found. I find this quote true because the media does often change there story to their convenience, not just in my topic but in everything. The quote shows how the experimenters often lie to try to convince people to keep animal experimentation I agree with the quote, because of the fact that they try to make everything sound good or acceptable contradicts all their words.

# data[].attributes.body
This article explains how the media is always trying to convince people that animal exprimentation is needed. The article mentions that most animal expriments due for curiousitaly and has nothing to do with researching diseases. It states that the media is often using old references to explian why animal tessting is needed and never mention that the percent to success has decreased. It made an arguement that most animals lives were wasted due to sciectist attempting to make an animal have a sickness that they couldn't have.

# data[].attributes.body
This article states how all the companies that say animal testing is necessary are lying, and some are even mistreating some of the animals. This article also states that animals are not the same as humans, and although the products are animals, the product is still tested out by humans. In some cases, the products that were safe to use on the animal resulted in death or damage to the humans that tested out the products. Another thing the article pointed out was that some of the reasons animals die during testing is sometimes not because of the product, but because of the stress due to being kept in a cage and being misstreated.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Regulatory agencies across the globe make it mandatory for companies to get their 'products' tested for toxicity before making them available in the market. These 'products', which range from prescription drugs to cosmetics, are tested on animals to check for the degree of skin irritation, skin penetration, eye irritation, carcinogenicity, etc. On the basis of these tests, it is determined whether the said product is fit for human use or not.

Even though it is not mandatory to get premarket approval for all the products, the manufacturer is expected to place a warming note on the product if it has not been tested. Doing so can have negative implications on the brand, and therefore the companies prefer to go with animal testing. Sometimes the animals are specifically purpose bred for lab experiments, and sometimes they are captured in the wild. Innumerable educational institutes, medical schools, pharmaceutical companies, and several other scientific institutes use animal experimentation for research purpose.

What's Wrong With Animal Testing?

Animal testing is not just restricted to product testing, but goes well beyond that. It is widely used for the development of medical procedures and to gain scientific knowledge. Other than mice, rats, rabbits, and guinea pigs, the lengthy list of animals used in research labs also includes fruit flies, frogs, cats, dogs, pigs and non-human primates. It is estimated that more than 100 million animals fall prey to animal testing every year.

Several animal rights organizations, including the People for Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA), have questioned the legitimacy of this practice wherein animals are subjected to torture in the name of 'scientific research'. Animal rights activists, along with animal lovers from across the world, are trying their best to get this inhumane practice outlawed. These people stress on the fact that there is no dearth of arguments against the practice - both on ethical and scientific grounds.

The Unethical Part

The foremost argument against animal testing questions the ethics of this practice in which millions of animals are harmed, if not killed, in the name of research. Those against the practice argue that animals, pretty much like us humans, have the right to live, and we need to accept that instead of killing them with the intention of improving our quality of life. Yet another reason to consider animal testing unethical is the fact that these animals cannot give their consent, but instead of acknowledging that, we go to the extent of exploiting them for our own selfish gains.

Even the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) reports that 92 percent of the drugs which are cleared after being successfully tested on animals fail when they are subjected to human trials. But obviously, the lives of those animals which are killed in course of testing these products go in vain. While regulatory agencies, like the FDA, do not require animal testing of cosmetics, cosmetic companies seem to prefer this method as it provides them a way out in case of lawsuit.

The Scientific Part

The practice of harming or killing animals for testing products is not just unethical, but is equally a threat for us. There is no guarantee that a particular product will not harm us just because it didn't harm the particular species on which it was tested. The proponents of animal testing argue that animals are biologically similar to humans, and testing the products/procedures on them can help us reduce human casualties. What they don't tell, is the fact that the use of animals in research has its own share of negative implications as well.

It might come as a surprise, but animal experimentation has delayed several life-saving drugs and medical procedures. One of the best examples is that of polio vaccine, which was delayed by several years only because research revealed that monkeys contracted polio nasally - and not orally as in case of humans. The amount of stress that these animals are subjected to when they are kept in isolation also questions the credibility of the end results which are bound to be influenced by their stress levels. At the same time, the practice is very expensive, and the chances of success are very low.

Loss of (Animal) Life

Loss of animal life doesn't just occur when the experiments fail, but also occurs otherwise as most of these animals are euthanized after the purpose is served. Those few which survive the harsh procedures spend the rest of their lives in captivity. That the researchers take efforts to minimize the suffering of these animals doesn't really sound convincing, as they are kept in isolated cages, infected with various diseases, and tortured with various chemicals - all in the name of research. Several animals die due to human errors occurring either in the concentration of the drug or the amount. What is even more horrifying, is the fact that in some cases the animals are subjected to various tests without anesthesia.

The Animal Welfare Act of 1966, the federal law which regulates the treatment of animals for the purpose of research and exhibition, has been heavily criticized as it offers no protection to mice, rats, birds, frogs, etc. Incidentally, these animals comprise 90 percent of the animals used in research.

While those in favor of animal testing and those opposing it are at loggerheads, there exists another group of individuals who believe that the practice is not entirely dispensable and we need to draw a line somewhere. We have come a long way in the field of medical science, and it won't be possible to maintain the rate of advancement if we choose to do away with animal testing entirely and rely only on available alternatives. But then, we can easily do away with the use of animals for cosmetic testing or other similar procedures - which definitely amount to inhumane behavior on our part.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
The Cons of Animal Testing You Really Can't Afford to Ignore

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Regulatory agencies across the globe make it mandatory for companies to get their 'products' tested for toxicity before making them available in the market. These 'products', which range from prescription drugs to cosmetics, are tested on animals to check for the degree of skin irritation, skin penetration, eye irritation, carcinogenicity, etc.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
An estimated 26 million animals are used every year in the United States for scientific and commercial testing. Animals are used to develop medical treatments, determine the toxicity of medications, check the safety of products destined for human use, and other biomedical, commercial, and health care uses. Research on living animals has been practiced since at least 500 BC.

Proponents of animal testing say that it has enabled the development of many life-saving treatments for both humans and animals, that there is no alternative method for researching a complete living organism, and that strict regulations prevent the mistreatment of animals in laboratories.

Opponents of animal testing say that it is cruel and inhumane to experiment on animals, that alternative methods available to researchers can replace animal testing, and that animals are so different from human beings that research on animals often yields irrelevant results. Read more background...

Pro & Con Arguments

Pro 1

Animal testing contributes to life-saving cures and treatments.

The California Biomedical Research Association states that nearly every medical breakthrough in the last 100 years has resulted directly from research using animals. Animal research has contributed to major advances in treating conditions such as breast cancer, brain injury, childhood leukemia, cystic fibrosis, multiple sclerosis, tuberculosis, and more, and was instrumental in the development of pacemakers, cardiac valve substitutes, and anesthetics.
Read More

Pro 2

Animal testing is crucial to ensure that vaccines are safe.
Read More

Pro 3

There is no adequate alternative to testing on a living, whole-body system.
Read More

Pro 4

Animals are appropriate research subjects because they are similar to human beings in many ways.
Read More

Pro 6

Animals themselves benefit from the results of animal testing.
Read More

Pro 7

Animal research is highly regulated, with laws in place to protect animals from mistreatment.

In addition to local and state laws and guidelines, animal research has been regulated by the federal Animal Welfare Act (AWA) since 1966. As well as stipulating minimum housing standards for research animals (enclosure size, temperature, access to clean food and water, and others), the AWA also requires regular inspections by veterinarians.
Read More

Pro 8

Animals often make better research subjects than human beings because of their shorter life cycles.
Read More

Pro 11

The vast majority of biologists and several of the largest biomedical and health organizations in the United States endorse animal testing.

A poll of 3,748 scientists by the Pew Research Center found that 89% favored the use of animals in scientific research. The American Cancer Society, American Physiological Society, National Association for Biomedical Research, American Heart Association, and the Society of Toxicology all advocate the use of animals in scientific research.
Read More

Pro 12

Some cosmetics and health care products must be tested on animals to ensure their safety.
Read More

Con 2

Scientists are able to test vaccines on humans volunteers.
Read More

Con 3

Alternative testing methods now exist that can replace the need for animals.

Other research methods such as in vitro testing (tests done on human cells or tissue in a petri dish) offer opportunities to reduce or replace animal testing. Technological advancements in 3D printing allow the possibility for tissue bioprinting: a French company is working to bioprint a liver that can test the toxicity of a drug. Artificial human skin, such as the commercially available products EpiDerm and ThinCert, can be made from sheets of human skin cells grown in test tubes or plastic wells and may produce more useful results than testing chemicals on animal skin.
Read More

Con 4

Animals are very different from human beings and therefore make poor test subjects.
Read More

Con 5

Drugs that pass animal tests are not necessarily safe.

The 1950s sleeping pill thalidomide, which caused 10,000 babies to be born with severe deformities, was tested on animals prior to its commercial release. Later tests on pregnant mice, rats, guinea pigs, cats, and hamsters did not result in birth defects unless the drug was administered at extremely high doses. Animal tests on the arthritis drug Vioxx showed that it had a protective effect on the hearts of mice, yet the drug went on to cause more than 27,000 heart attacks and sudden cardiac deaths before being pulled from the market.
Read More

Con 6

Animal tests may mislead researchers into ignoring potential cures and treatments.
Read More

Con 7

Only 5% of animals used in experiments are protected by US law.

The Animal Welfare Act (AWA) does not apply to rats, mice, fish, and birds, which account for 95% of the animals used in research. The types of animals covered by the AWA account for fewer than one million animals used in research facilities each year, which leaves around 25 million other animals without protection from mistreatment. The US Department of Agriculture, which inspects facilities for AWA compliance, compiles annual statistics on animal testing but they only include data on the small percentage of animals subject to the Act.
Read More

Con 8

Animal tests do not reliably predict results in human beings.

94% of drugs that pass animal tests fail in human clinical trials. According to neurologist Aysha Akhtar, MD, MPH, over 100 stroke drugs that were effective when tested on animals have failed in humans, and over 85 HIV vaccines failed in humans after working well in non-human primates. A study published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS) found that nearly 150 clinical trials (human tests) of treatments to reduce inflammation in critically ill patients have been undertaken, and all of them failed, despite being successful in animal tests.
Read More

Con 9

There is increasing demand for cruelty-free products.

Michael Bachelor, Senior Scientist and Product Manager at biotech company MatTek, stated, "We can now create a model from human skin cells - keratinocytes - and produce normal skin or even a model that mimics a skin disease like psoriasis. Or we can use human pigment-producing cells - melanocytes - to create a pigmented skin model that is similar to human skin from different ethnicities. You can't do that on a mouse or a rabbit."
Read More

Con 11

The Animal Welfare Act has not succeeded in preventing horrific cases of animal abuse in research laboratories.

Violations of the Animal Welfare Act at the federally funded New Iberia Research Center (NIRC) in Louisiana included maltreatment of primates who were suffering such severe psychological stress that they engaged in self-mutilation, infant primates awake and alert during painful experiments, and chimpanzees being intimidated and shot with a dart gun.
Read More

Con 12

Medical breakthroughs involving animal research may still have been made without the use of animals.
Read More

Did You Know?

1. 95% of animals used in experiments are not protected by the federal Animal Welfare Act (AWA), which excludes birds, rats and mice bred for research, and cold-blooded animals such as reptiles and most fish.

2. 89% of scientists surveyed by the Pew Research Center were in favor of animal testing for scientific research.

3. Chimpanzees share 99% of their DNA with humans, and mice are 98% genetically similar to humans. The US National Institutes of Health announced it would retire its remaining 50 research chimpanzees to the Federal Chimpanzee Sanctuary System in 2015, leaving Gabon as the only country to still experiment on chimps.

4. A Jan. 2020 report from the USDA showed that in one year of research, California used more cats (1,682) for testing than any other state. Ohio used the most guinea pigs (35,206), and Massachusetts used the most dogs (6,771) and primates (11,795).

5. Researchers Joseph and Charles Vacanti grew a human "ear" seeded from implanted cow cartilage cells on the back of a living mouse to explore the possibility of fabricating body parts for plastic and reconstructive surgery.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Animal Testing - Pros & Cons - ProCon.org

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
An estimated 26 million animals are used every year in the United States for scientific and commercial testing. Animals are used to develop medical treatments, determine the toxicity of medications, check the safety of products destined for human use, and other biomedical, commercial, and health care uses.

# data[].attributes.body
In this article, it states that rabits were used to study strokes and how to pervent perminent damage to the brian. The rabits helped create tPA which breaks down the clot that froms during a stroke which prevents damage to the neurons. Due to this, if patients come ER they would perform the tPA and pervent further damage and could avoid theraphy.

# data[].attributes.body
This article states how animal exprimentation is necessary to pervent human deaths and pervent diseases. It states that animal experimentation was used over millions of decades ago and should continue. This article states how there are cases that new products where not used on animals and resulted in human deaths. The author agrees that using animals can help us advance in science and find cures to different diseases. It also states how if we were to compleatly eliminate animal testing it would set us back

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3123518/

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Animals have been used repeatedly throughout the history of biomedical research. Early Greek physician-scientists, such as Aristotle, (384 - 322 BC) and Erasistratus, (304 - 258 BC), performed experiments on living animals.

# data[].attributes.body
Who- Universities, farms, medical schools and large companies

When- Always

Where- All over the globe

What- Using animals to experiment.

Why- To test out products, behavior test, learn and connect similarities between certian types of animals and humans.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Animal testing - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Animal testing, also known as animal experimentation and animal research is the use of animals for experiments. Fruit flies and mice are often used for animal testing. About 50 to 100 million vertebrate animals and many more invertebrate animals are used around the world every year.