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"The text contains an 'irreducible element' of magic, something we cannot explain according to the laws of the universe as we know them" (167).

- Magical Realism: Theory, History, Community by Lois Parkinson Zamora and Wendy B. Faris

Pan's Labyrinth is full of magic (i.e. the healing mandrake root and magic chalk) and magical creatures (i.e. the Faun, the fairies, the Pale Man).

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"We experience the closeness or near-merging of two realms, two worlds" (172).

-Magical Realism: Theory, History, Community by Lois Parkinson Zamora and Wendy B. Faris

Pan's Labyrinth merges two worlds - the "real world" or the human world, and the underworld.

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"Ofelia remains constantly aware that what she witnesses is unusual. She accepts the creatures and happenings of the underworld as normal in that world, but she recognizes its strangeness in comparison to the boundaries and logical limitations of the real world" (68).

-The Parallelism of the Fantastic and the Real: Guillermo del Toro’s Pan’s Labyrinth/El Laberinto del fauno and Neomagical Realism by Tracie D. Lukasiewicz

I do not agree with this statement. At the beginning of the film, Ofelia comes across what appears to be an insect. She immediately recognizes that this is a fairy; she does not find its existence in the "real word" to be strange at all.