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13th Amendment Ratified (January 31,1865)

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13th Amendment Ratified (January 31,1865)

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- Abolishes slavery throughout the Union.
- The South delayed in the ratification because they wanted to keep their slaves.

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Freedmen's Bureau Created (March 3,1865)

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Freedmen's Bureau Created (March 3,1865)

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- The Freedmen's Bureau is established in the War Department.
- The Bureau helped former slaves have a smooth transition into their new, free lives.

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Abraham Lincoln Assassinated (April 15, 1865)

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Abraham Lincoln Assassinated (April 15, 1865)

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- With his death, the push for black people to get help is diminished.
- His vice president takes office in his death.

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Andrew Johnson President (April 15,1865)

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Andrew Johnson President (April 15,1865)

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- Ends the funding for the Freedmen's Bureau.
- Has a plan for Presidential Reconstruction that has the restoration of properties to everyone except slaves.

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First Black Codes Passed (December 6,1865)

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First Black Codes Passed (December 6,1865)

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- Out of anger, the South place laws restricting the rights of African Americans
- The South wanted to keep African Americans as a cheap labor force since slavery wasn't an option anymore.

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- The bill grants the equal rights of all male citizens regardless of race/color.
- This is the first huge piece of legislation that Congress denied a presidential veto for.

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- White people went out and assaulted black people in the streets.
- 48 black people are left dead and hundreds of homes, churches, and schools are burned down.

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The Ku Klux Klan Is Formed (July 30,1866)

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The Ku Klux Klan Is Formed (July 30,1866)

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- A clan that is meant to intimidate black people is born.
- They want to restore white rule everyone.

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- Black men can vote in the election.
- The Radical Reconstruction that required the south to ratify the 14th amendment.

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- Shifted the tax burden to large plantation owners instead of small black, poor famers.
- Suffrage officially extended to black men.

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14th Amendment is ratified (July 21,1868)

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14th Amendment is ratified (July 21,1868)

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- Guarantees equal protection under law to African Americans.
- Also guarantees due process clause to African Americans.

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15th Amendment is ratified (March 30,1870)

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15th Amendment is ratified (March 30,1870)

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- Texas is re-admitted to the Union.
- Although this amendment gave black men a vote, it wasn't realized until almost a century later.

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- They intimidated black voters to ensure that the white Democrats would win the election.
- Black politicians were portrayed as ignorant and incompetent.

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- Republicans agree to abandon Reconstruction policies in exchange for Rutherford B. Hayes winning the presidency
- The South forces segregation and violations of civil rights of blacks will not be justified.