# data[].attributes.body
https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/158qiQRU4WYVtoUBLkKoyA7_fYaqvfd6bgt37TIbZKY0/edit

# data[].attributes.body
https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1uQJ07CzSaOm6XoaVKqtLhO9L8WGwa-QWs_DSCSnbs2U/edit

# data[].attributes.body
https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1psRzbRKgeI2f8KU5EtRy3a8UdjiFsNE4Ixffegjj57I/edit

# data[].attributes.body
https://www.commonsense.org/education/articles/free-learning-resources-for-black-history-month-and-beyond?j=8795661&sfmc_sub=171871497&l=2048712_HTML&u=189703446&mid=6409703&jb=15005&utm_source=edu_nl_long_form_2022.2.15&utm_medium=email

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Help learners celebrate Black history with these videos, lessons, podcasts, and more.

The inclusion of Black history and culture is essential for an accurate and true representation of American (and world) history overall. Black History Month is a time to highlight the people who have not only created foundational innovations, art, and achievements, but also organized and protested for equal rights and freedoms.

Of course, the civil rights movement and figures like Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., Harriet Tubman, and Rosa Parks are integral pieces of this history. But there are lesser-known -- and incredibly impactful -- people and contributions that illustrate an even greater breadth and depth of Black history and culture.

Below you'll find resources -- including videos, texts, lessons, podcasts, and more -- about activists, art and culture, inventors, engineers, historical events, and beyond. And to extend your search even further, don't miss the list of broader collections found at the bottom of this article. Every resource we've curated here has a suggested grade band, but many are flexible and adaptable to just about any age group. Consider the possibilities for how you might integrate these resources into your instruction (or use them at home!) during Black History Month or any time of the year!

Consider a variety of ways to use these resources in your classroom:

Have kids peruse this list and find what interests them the most, then use a jigsaw or flipped-classroom approach to help them share their findings.

Choose several exhibits or resources about art or music that students can respond to, before and after getting some context.

Have students pick lesser-known Black/Afro-Latino figures to research further and share about.

Curate your own collection from these and other resources to always have available for kids to explore.

Challenge students to find and research even more Black inventors and engineers.

Highlight some of the most pivotal and essential contributions from Black figures that students might not have known about.

Compare and contrast different movements and activists in terms of their messages, methods, and momentum.

Ask students to choose a historical figure whom they look up to the most, or find most inspirational, then write about why.

A reminder for teachers: Navigate stories and images of oppression and violence with care. Black history is a complicated mix of both triumph and tribulations. While Black history doesn't begin or end with slavery or the injustices of racism, these harsh realities are part of it. Keep in mind your students' abilities when it comes to processing what they're reading, seeing, and listening to, and be aware that triggering topics can sometimes be more traumatic for Black and Brown kids.

Black History Resources: Places and Events

Find out what kids already know about events and places connected to Black history, and then go on a journey to discover even more with these articles and videos.

Let this mother-daughter team, the hosts of Kids Black History on YouTube, teach some facts about Africa in a video that's sure to make you smile. (Grades pre-K-1)

Read about the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom in 1963 and Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.'s famous "I Have a Dream" speech in this piece by Time for Kids. (Grades 3-5)

Travel back to the late 16th century with the Heroes of Color channel on YouTube to learn about Gaspar Yanga and one of the earliest rebellions of enslaved people in the Americas. Or learn about the heroic achievements of the 369th Infantry Regiment, an all-Black unit that fought for the U.S. during World Wars I and II. (Grades 3-12)

Via Crash Course on YouTube, delve into the extraordinary and inspiring history of the Haitian revolution, which saw enslaved people liberate themselves, overthrow colonial rule, and create their own country. (Grades 6-12)

View rare film footage of daily work, play, school celebrations, gatherings, and sporting events in the all-Black towns of 1920s Oklahoma, from National Geographic's YouTube channel. (Grades 6-12)

Read this Atlas Obscura article to learn the story of the mythical 16th-century Black queen Calafia, for whom California is named. (Grades 9-12)

Black History Resources: Activism

Working toward equal rights is a critical part of Black history. While it's important to acknowledge the most prominent and familiar figures, the resources below also elevate those who might be lesser-known, helping add depth and breadth to students' learning about the civil rights movement and beyond.

Learn about Wangari Maathai's environmental and political activism, which resulted in a Nobel Prize -- the first for an African woman -- with this article from Britannica Kids (Grades 3-5), in this article about her life story on the Wangari Maathai Foundation's website (Grades 6-8), or with this lesson plan from the My Hero website (Grades 6-12).

Use this video from the YouTube channel Black History in Two Minutes to teach students about Shirley Chisholm, the first Black congresswoman and a champion for civil rights. (Grades 5-12)

Learn about the life of activist Marsha P. Johnson, who helped spark the Pride movement and a fight for LGBTQ+ rights that continues today. Use this lesson from PBS LearningMedia as-is, or adapt it to fit your needs. (Grades 6-12)

Visit this online exhibition from the Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History to read about Frederick Douglass and see images of some of his handwritten documents. (Grades 6-12)

Watch this video from NBC News Learn's YouTube channel to follow the extraordinary and complex life of Marcus Garvey, whose vision of a pan-African movement continues to influence Black thinkers and culture today. (Grades 6-12)

Dig deeper into some lesser-known history of the Black Panthers with this YouTube video from AJ+, and discover their history of community outreach and health care support, grounded in compassion and self-reliance. (Grades 6-12)

Use this collection of videos from NBC News to augment what kids might already know about MLK's legacy and movement. (Grades 9-12)

Teach this lesson from PBS LearningMedia about the accomplishments of civil rights activist, lawyer, author, and priest Pauli Murray, who stood against the many forms of injustice. (Grades 9-12)

Watch a short video from TEDEd about civil rights activist Rosa Parks that digs into some information kids might not already know. Then use some of the comprehension questions or additional resources to extend students' learning. (Grades 9-12)

Watch Flocabulary's introduction to John Lewis' life, activism, and influence on generations of others, featuring lyrics written by a ninth grader. Afterward, have students choose an event mentioned in the video and research it further. (Grades 9-12)

From 60 Minutes, watch this famous exchange between MLK and journalist Mike Wallace. Ask students: What does King mean by "riots are the language of the unheard"? (Grades 9-12)

Honor the bravery of Elizabeth Jennings by reading this Atlas Obscura narrative about her historic stand against segregation in 19th-century New York, long before the famous bus boycott in 1955. (Grades 9-12)

Watch this video about Jesse Owens and the 1936 Olympics. Then use the discussion questions and worksheet to consider the role of protest in sports today. (Grades 9-12)

Using this Retro Report video and text, learn about how Black women have had to fight to win and maintain their voting rights (Grades 9-12)

Read Malcolm X's famous "The Ballot or the Bullet" speech and this Teen Vogue article reflecting on its legacy. (Grades 11-12)

Black History Resources: Arts and Culture

This curation features music, visual art, dance, and literature from throughout Black history, and the artists who bring it all to life.

Watch this YouTube video from Nickelodeon to find out how Suzan-Lori Parks became the first African American woman to win the Pulitzer Prize for writing dramatic plays. (Grades pre-K-2)

Follow along with this YouTube video and use your body to play the Hambone -- an African drumming technique with historical significance. (Grades pre-K-2)

Listen along as James Earl Jones reads "To Be a Drum," a story of rhythm, history, and freedom. (Grades 1-3)

Using this lesson (via Google Slides) from the New York Historical Society, delve into the extraordinary life, achievements, and art of sculptor and gallerist Augusta Savage, who was a key part of the Harlem Renaissance. (Grades 3-5)

Listen to this episode from The Past and the Curious podcast about blues and folk musician Elizabeth Cotten, whose catchy songs traveled all over the world and even influenced the Beatles. (Grades 3-5)

Journey into the world of Latin American music with this podcast episode (via YouTube) from Good Night Stories for Rebel Girls and learn about the life of Celia Cruz, the Cuban Afro-Latina singer known as the Queen of Salsa. (Grades 3-5)

Explore the influential history of African drumming using this video from the Kennedy Center, and try out some of the key techniques. Feel free to also click through and watch the other videos. (Grades 3-8)

Practice some simple and fun moves from traditional West African dance as you watch this YouTube video from the Lincoln Center. (Grades 3-8)

Through this Smithsonian video and article, get a feel for the sounds and movements, and a sense of the rich history, behind Afro-Peruvian music, a unique result of the African diaspora. (Grades 3-8)

Sit down with jazz musician Robert Glasper, featured in this YouTube video from Jazz Night in America, as he shows the jazz origins of famous hip-hop samples and tracks. (Grades 3-12)

Learn more about the extensive influence of the blues and its roots in Black history from this YouTube video by PBS's Sound Field. (Grades 6-12)

Learn more about the history behind trap music, a ubiquitous, influential music genre, in this lesson from PBS LearningMedia. (Grades 6-12)

Join two art historians in this YouTube video from Khan Academy as they discuss this important series of paintings about African Americans migrating north in search of work and new lives. (Grades 6-12)

Share this article from History.com, or this one from the Washington Post, to help students discover the amazing story of Bass Reeves, one of the first Black U.S. marshals west of the Mississippi, and probable inspiration for the American pop-culture icon the Lone Ranger. (Grades 6-12)

Read this article from Smithsonian Magazine on the history of African American Cowboys, then have students compare this with how cowboys are portrayed in Hollywood and other pop-culture entertainment. (Grades 6-12)

Watch this video from Flocabulary to examine Langston Hughes' most famous poem and his use of figurative language. Then have students write their own "Harlem"-inspired poem. (Grades 6-10)

Using this video from PBS, explore the origins, traditions, and influence of gospel music, created and celebrated weekly in Black churches across the country. (Grades 6-12)

See how Mexican people with African ancestry reconnect with their roots through dance and performance in this YouTube video from AJ+. (Grades 6-12)

Be moved by the 400-year-old history of bomba, a style of music and dance created by enslaved people who resisted colonial culture, in this YouTube video from PBS. (Grades 6-12)

Check out this video and article from Unladylike2020 to learn about the talented opera singer Sissieretta Jones, the first African American woman to headline at Carnegie Hall. Warning: Contains graphic content. While you're there, learn about Meta Warrick Fuller, the first African American woman recipient of a federal art commission, who was nicknamed "the sculptor of horrors" for her dark, expressive creations. Or discover the singular life and style of Gladys Bentley, a Harlem Renaissance artist whose bold performances challenged gender roles and norms. (Grades 9-12)

Use this animated video from TEDEd as an introduction to James Baldwin, the influential writer who was stalked by the FBI for championing civil rights and social justice. (Grades 9-12)

Use this PBS LearningMedia lesson to learn about the life of Alain Locke, a gay philosopher whose work set the stage for the Harlem Renaissance. (Grades 9-12)

Watch Chris Rock's documentary Good Hair (free on Kanopy), which explores the societal and cultural ideas behind Black people's hair. (Grades 9-12)

Join hip-hop artist Nas via Poetry in America as he discusses his song "N.Y. State of Mind" and considers hip-hop's place in the poetic canon. Note: Includes mature content. (Grades 9-12)

Discover the origins of breakdancing and learn about its far-reaching influence in this short documentary-style video from Vox. (Grades 9-12)

From Art21, step into the world of Kevin Beasley's art through this YouTube video, which explores his historical inspiration and reckons with the brutal legacy of slavery. Or experience the stunning and provocative contemporary art and performance of Abigail DeVille, whose work takes a critical look at history. (Grades 11-12)

Black History Resources: STEM Topics

Learn the amazing accomplishments of these scientists, engineers, mathematicians, and inventors who made an indelible imprint on history and society.

Learn about the first Black pilots in this YouTube video from Sesame Studios. What would it be like to build and fly your own plane? (Grades pre-K-2)

Find out about the inventor of the modern traffic light and what else he created in this YouTube video from Kids Black History. (Grades pre-K-2)

Check out Craig Thompson's alphabet of amazing Black inventors to revisit some who are familiar and discover others you didn't know. (Grades pre-K-2)

This YouTube video from Nickelodeon highlights the brilliant and driven Alexa Canady, the first Black woman to become a neurosurgeon in 1981. (Grades pre-K-2)

Find out about the African American inventor Lewis Latimer, who contributed to the creation of the light bulb, telephone, and more in this YouTube video from the Fab Lab (Grades 1-5).

Check out this video and article on Dorothy Vaughan, the supervisor of a group of boundary-breaking African American women whose calculations got astronauts into space. (Grades 1-5)

From NASA, you can find out about Katherine Johnson, another of the mathematicians whose calculations got us to the moon and back. (Grades 1-5)

Let Flocabulary introduce George Washington Carver's life, the challenges he faced, and his accomplishments as an inventor and innovator. Then, ask students to consider how his ideas changed life for us all today. (Grades 3-8)

From The Kid Should See This, learn about science educator and graduate student Adania Flemming, who studies marine life at the University of Florida. Or discover the trailblazing accomplishments of Matthew Henson, who broke boundaries as an Arctic explorer and African American. (Grades 3-8)

Read this article from IGN about inventor and engineer Jerry Lawson, who developed the first interchangeable, cartridge-based video game system -- before Atari and Nintendo! (Grades 9-12)

More Black History Resources and Collections

If you want a source that houses a treasure trove of resources, look no further! And if you want something that touches on topics not addressed above, check out these other possibilities.
Images courtesy of Allison Shelley/The Verbatim Agency for American Education: Images of Teachers and Students in Action, and iStock.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Free Learning Resources for Black History Month (And Beyond) | Common Sense Education

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
The inclusion of Black history and culture is essential for an accurate and true representation of American (and world) history overall. Black History Month is a time to highlight the people who have not only created foundational innovations, art, and achievements, but also organized and protested for equal rights and freedoms. Of course, the civil rights movement and figures like Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., Harriet Tubman, and Rosa Parks are integral pieces of this history.

# data[].attributes.body
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xPx5aRuWCtc&list=PL8dPuuaLjXtNYJO8JWpXO2JP0ezgxsrJJ

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Crash Course Black American History Preview

# data[].attributes.body
https://afrolegends.com/2013/08/29/the-ishango-bone-craddle-of-mathematics/

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Today, I would like to talk about the Ishango bone, or rather the first evidence of a calculator in the world. Named after the place where it was found in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), the Ishango bone is what is called a bone tool or the craddle of mathematics. Dating as far back as 22000 years ago, in the Upper Paleolitic era, the Ishango bone is a dark brown bone which happens to be the fibula of a baboon, with a sharp piece of quartz affixed to one end for engraving. It is the oldest attestation of the practice of arithmetic in human history.

The Belgian geologist Jean de Heinzelin de Braucourt uncovered the bone buried in layers of volcanic ashes on the shores of Lake Edward in the Ishango region in DRC, near the border with Uganda. The Ishango bones are actually two (2) bones of baboon, 10 to 14 cm long, with several incisions on each faces. The smallest of the two bones was the first to be exposed at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences in Brussels; it carries several incisions organized in groups of three columns.

The left column can be divided in 4 groups, with each group possessing 19, 17, 13, and 11 notches. The sum of these being 60. Those are the 4 successive prime numbers between 10 and 20. This constitutes a quad of prime numbers.

The central column is divided in groups of 8. By an approximate count, one can find (in the parenthesis, is the maximum number): 7 (8), 5 (7), 5 (9), 10, 8 (14), 4 (6), 6, 3. The minimal sum is 48, while the maximal sum is 63.

The right column is divided into 4 groups, where each group has 9, 19, 21, and 11 notches. The sum of these 4 numbers is 60.

The second bone has not been well-studied. However, we know that it is composed of 6 groups of 20, 6, 18, 6, 20, and 8 notches.

The first bone has been subject to a lot of interpretation. At first, it was thought to be just a tally stick with a series of tally marks, but scientists have demonstrated that the groupings of notches on the bone are indicative of a mathematical understanding which goes beyond simple counting. In fact, many believe that the notches follow a mathematical succession. The notches have been interpreted as a prehistoric calculator, or a lunar calendar, or a prehistoric barcode.

Jean de Heinzellin was the first to consider the bone as a vestige of interest in the history of mathematics. For instance, he noted that the numbers in the left column were compatible with a numeration system based on 10, since he saw that: 21 = 20 + 1, 19 = 20 - 1, 11 = 10 +1, and 9 = 10 -1. These numbers are also prime numbers between 10 and 20: 11, 13, 17, 19.

Some other scientists such as the Belgian physical engineer proposed that the bones were probably a slide rule. While Alexander Marshack has indicated that the bones could refer to the oldest lunar calendar on earth. Claudia Zaslavsky thinks that the author of the Ishango bone must have been a woman following the lunar phases to calculate her menstrual cycle. However, the second bone completely rules out the lunar calendar theory, and favors more the numeration system.

All said, it is amazing to realize that there were mathematicians 20,000 years ago on the African continent. It is so great to realize that my ancestors, on the shores of Lake Edouard, were actually brilliant scientists playing with prime numbers. Whether it was a woman calculating her menstrual cycle, or some brilliant tribe astronomer, it feels so good to know that the paleo-mathematicians of Ishango already knew prime numbers. They were a great civilization long before the pharaohs of Egypt. Thus, in reality, the Ishango bone is the oldest table of prime numbers in the world. To read more, check out Mathematicians of the African Diaspora,, the Prime Glossary, and

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
The Ishango Bone: Craddle of Ancient Mathematics

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Today, I would like to talk about the Ishango bone, or rather the first evidence of a calculator in the world. Named after the place where it was found in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), the Ishango bone is what is called a bone tool or the craddle of mathematics.

# data[].attributes.headline
The Roots Of Humanity Found In A Toddler's Jawbone In Ethiopia's Badlands

# data[].attributes.subject
The Roots Of Humanity Found In A Toddler's Jawbone In Ethiopia's Badlands

# data[].attributes.body
https://www.ted.com/talks/zeresenay_alemseged_the_search_for_humanity_s_roots/transcript?language=en

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Zeresenay Alemseged: The search for humanity's roots

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Paleoanthropologist Zeresenay Alemseged looks for the roots of humanity in Ethiopia's badlands. Here he talks about finding the oldest skeleton of a humanoid child -- and how Africa holds the clues to our humanity.

# data[].attributes.headline
The Black Mummy of Libya (5,400 yrs older than any found in Egypt)

# data[].attributes.subject
The Black Mummy of Libya (5,400 yrs older than any found in Egypt)

# data[].attributes.body
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A-FJGpD-8Xs

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
The Unknown People Who Mummified Their Dead Before The Ancient Egyptians | Timeline

# data[].attributes.headline
Senegal - A personal Journey with the Mbengue Family ! 

# data[].attributes.subject
Senegal - A personal Journey with the Mbengue Family ! 

# data[].attributes.body
https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1tHwHdH2yaDhSGGOg7cLV2P-Vkyl_xS2S/edit?usp=sharing&ouid=116281695542348533014&rtpof=true&sd=true

# data[].attributes.body
https://bookriot.com/100-must-read-classics-by-people-of-color/

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Classic literature can teach us so much about the past-how people lived, what they thought, and what they wanted to change. But the literary canon tends to be dominated by white men. I have nothing against Charles Dickens, Nathaniel Hawthorne, George Orwell, and the like, but there's so much more for lovers of classics to read. We can expand the canon to include classics by people of color from all over the world, and I've assembled this list to help us all do just that.

For the purposes of this list, I've defined a classic as a book that's at least 50 years old. Some of these classics by people of color are well-known and others are known only to scholars of the period they're from. There are novels, plays, poetry, and nonfiction from around the world-something for everyone. If you're doing the Read Harder Challenge, you'll find lots of options for a classic by a person of color.

If you're looking for classics by women, check out my previous list, and you'll find more classics by people of color on Rebecca's list for the Read Harder Challenge. There is some overlap between the three lists, but I've tried to keep this to a minimum. I've also avoided giving authors more than one slot on this list.

Books on this list are arranged in chronological order, and descriptions are from Goodreads. Take a look. See any of your favorites? Any classics by people of color that you'd add?

One Thousand and One Nights by Anonymous (800). "These are the tales that saved the life of Shahrazad, whose husband, the king, executed each of his wives after a single night of marriage."

The Pillow Book by Sei Shōnagon (1002). "Moving elegantly across a wide range of themes including nature, society, and her own flirtations, Sei Shōnagon provides a witty and intimate window on a woman's life at court in classical Japan."

The Diary of Lady Murasaki by Murasaki Shikibu (1008-1010). "The Diary recorded by Lady Murasaki (c. 973 c. 1020), author of The Tale of Genji, is an intimate picture of her life as tutor and companion to the young Empress Shoshi."

Theologus Autodidactus by Ibn Al-Nafis (1277). "This work, written sometime between 1268 and 1277, is one of the first Arabic novels, may be considered an early example of a science fiction, and an early example of a coming of age tale and a desert island story."

The Confessions of Lady Nijō by Lady Nijō (1307). "A tale of thirty-six years (1271-1306)in the life of Lady Nijō, starting when she became the concubine of a retired emperor in Kyoto at the age of fourteen and ending, several love affairs later, with an account of her new life as a wandering Buddhist nun."

Strange Tales from a Chinese Studio by Pu Songling (1740). "In his tales of shape-shifting spirits, bizarre phenomena, haunted buildings, and enchanted objects, Pu Songling pushes the boundaries of human experience and enlightens as he entertains."

Phyllis Wheatley, Complete Writings by Phyllis Wheatley (1761). "This volume collects both Wheatley's letters and her poetry: hymns, elegies, translations, philosophical poems, tales, and epyllions-including a poignant plea to the Earl of Dartmouth urging freedom for America and comparing the country's condition to her own."

Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano by Olaudah Equiano (1789). "The first slave narrative to attract a significant readership reveals many aspects of the eighteenth-century Western world through the experiences of one individual."

The Golden Days (The Story of the Stone, part 1) by Cao Xueqin (1791). "This rich, magical work sets worldly events-love affairs, sibling rivalries, political intrigues, even murder-within the context of the Buddhist understanding that earthly existence is an illusion and karma determines the shape of our lives."

Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass by Frederick Douglass (1845). "Douglass' own account of his journey from slave to one of America's great statesmen, writers, and orators is as fascinating as it is inspiring."

Narrative of Sojourner Truth by Sojourner Truth (1850). "Truth recounts her life as a slave in rural New York, her separation from her family, her religious conversion, and her life as a traveling preacher during the 1840s."

Twelve Years a Slave by Solomon Northup (1853). "Perhaps the best written of all the slave narratives, Twelve Years a Slave is a harrowing memoir about one of the darkest periods in American history."

Clotel; or, The President's Daughter by William Wells Brown (1853). "A fast-paced and harrowing tale of slavery and freedom, of the hypocrisies of a nation founded on democratic principles, Clotel is more than a sensationalist novel."

Biography of an American Bondman, By His Daughter by Josephine Brown (1855). "Josephine Brown (1839-?).was the youngest child of the abolitionist and author William Wells Brown (1814-1862).and his wife Elizabeth. She was moved to finish the book when she discovered that her father's autobiography was out of print."

Our Nig by Harriet E. Wilson (1859). "The tale of a mixed-race girl, Frado, abandoned by her white mother after the death of the child's black father."

The Curse of Caste, or The Slave Bride by Julia C. Collins (1865). "The first novel ever published by a black American woman, it is set in antebellum Louisiana and Connecticut, and focuses on the lives of a beautiful mixed-race mother and daughter."

Behind the Scenes: Or, Thirty Years a Slave and Four Years in the White House by Elizabeth Keckley (1868). "Traces Elizabeth Keckley's life from her enslavement in Virginia and North Carolina to her time as seamstress to Mary Todd Lincoln in the White House during Abraham Lincoln's administration."

Life Among the Paiutes: Their Wrongs and Claims by Sarah Winnemucca (1883). "Sarah Winnemucca, daughter of a Paiute chief, presents in her autobiography a Native American viewpoint on the impact of whites settling in the West."

Iola Leroy by Frances Ellen Watkins Harper (1892). "The story of the young daughter of a wealthy Mississippi planter who travels to the North to attend school, only to be sold into slavery in the South when it is discovered that she has Negro blood."

A Chinese Ishmael and Other Stories by Sui Sin Far (1896). "Fictional stories about Chinese Americans, first published in 1896, were a reasoned appeal for her society's acceptance of working-class Chinese at a time when the United States Congress maintained the Chinese Exclusion Act."

Hawai'i's Story by Hawai'i's Queen by Queen Lili'uokalani (1898). "Possibly the most important work in Hawai'ian literature, Hawai'i's Story is a poignant plea from Hawai'i's queen to restore her people's kingdom."

Contending Forces: A Romance Illustrative of Negro Life North and South by Pauline Hopkins (1900). "Like Harriet Beecher Stowe, Pauline Hopkins writes of the injustices suffered by blacks at the hands of whites. But her novel penetrates deeper than Uncle Tom's Cabin."

The Heart of Hyacinth by Onoto Watanna (1903). "The coming-of-age story of Hyacinth Lorrimer, a child of white parents who was raised from infancy in Japan by a Japanese foster mother and assumed to be Eurasian."

The Souls of Black Folk by WEB Du Bois (1903). "Du Bois penned his epochal masterpiece ... in 1903. It remains his most studied and popular work; its insights into life at the turn of the 20th century still ring true."

I Am a Cat by Natsume Sōseki (1905). "The chronicle of an unloved, unwanted, wandering kitten who spends all his time observing human nature-from the dramas of businessmen and schoolteachers to the foibles of priests and potentates."

The Soul of the Indian by Charles Alexander Eastman (1911). "Brings to life the rich spirituality and morality of the Native Americans as they existed before contact with missionaries and other whites."

The Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man by James Weldon Johnson (1912). "Narrated by a man whose light skin allows him to 'pass' for white, the novel describes a pilgrimage through America's color lines at the turn of the century."

The Plays of Georgia Douglas Johnson by Georgia Douglas Johnson (1920s). "This volume collects twelve of Georgia Douglas Johnson's one-act plays. ... As an integral part of Washington, D.C.'s, thriving turn-of-the-century literary scene, Johnson hosted regular meetings with Harlem Renaissance writers and other artists, including Countee Cullen, Langston Hughes, May Miller, and Jean Toomer, and was herself considered among the finest writers of the time."

American Indian Stories by Zitkala-Sa (1921). "One of the most famous Sioux writers and activists of the modern era, Zitkala-Sa (Gertrude Bonnin) recalled legends and tales from oral tradition and used experiences from her life and community to educate others about the Yankton Sioux."

A Dark Night's Passing by Naoya Shiga (1921). "Tells the story of a young man's passage through a sequence of disturbing experiences to a hard-worn truce with the destructive forces within himself."

The Real Story of Ah-Q and Other Tales of China by Lu Xun (1921). "Lu Xun is arguably the greatest writer of modern China, and is considered by many to be the founder of modern Chinese literature. Lu Xun's stories both indict outdated Chinese traditions and embrace China's cultural richness and individuality."

Cane by Jean Toomer (1923). "A literary masterpiece of the Harlem Renaissance, Cane is a powerful work of innovative fiction evoking black life in the South."

The Prophet by Kahlil Gibran (1923). "A collection of poetic essays that are philosophical, spiritual, and, above all, inspirational."

There Is Confusion by Jessie Redmon Fauset (1924). "Traces the lives of Joanna Mitchell and Peter Bye, whose families must come to terms with an inheritance of prejudice and discrimination as they struggle for legitimacy and respect."

Philosophy and Opinions of Marcus Garvey Or, Africa for the Africans by Marcus Garvey (1924). "The most famous collection of Garvey's speeches and essays."

The New Negro edited by Alain Locke (1925). "From the man known as the father of the Harlem Renaissance comes a powerful, provocative, and affecting anthology of writers who shaped the Harlem Renaissance movement and who help us to consider the evolution of the African American in society."

The Weary Blues by Langston Hughes (1926). "Hughes spoke directly, intimately, and powerfully of the experiences of African Americans, at a time when their voices were newly being heard in our literature."

Rashomon and Other Stories by Ryūnosuke Akutagawa (1927). "Writing at the beginning of the twentieth century, Ryūnosuke Akutagawa created disturbing stories out of Japan's cultural upheaval."

Quicksand by Nella Larsen (1928). "Larsen's powerful first novel has intriguing autobiographical parallels and at the same time invokes the international dimension of African American culture of the 1920s."

Some Prefer Nettles by Jun'ichirō Tanizaki (1928). "It is a tale of sexual passion and disorientation that explores modern Japan's conflict between the values of Western culture and Occidental tradition."

Home to Harlem by Claude McKay (1928). "With sensual, often brutal accuracy, Claude McKay traces the parallel paths of two very different young men struggling to find their way through the suspicion and prejudice of American society."

The Blacker the Berry by Wallace Thurman (1929). "One of the most widely read and controversial works of the Harlem Renaissance, The Blacker the Berry was the first novel to openly explore prejudice within the Black community."

My Soul's High Song: The Collected Writings of Countee Cullen by Countee Cullen (1920s-1940s). "A generous introduction to new readers of Countee Cullen and a more than generous offering to those of us who hold the poet dear."

Crusade for Justice: The Autobiography of Ida B. Wells by Ida B. Wells (1930s). "This engaging memoir tells of her private life as mother of a growing family as well as her public activities as teacher, lecturer, and journalist in her fight against attitudes and laws oppressing blacks."

Black No More by George S. Schuyler (1931). "What would happen to the race problem in America if black people turned white? Would everybody be happy? These questions and more are answered hilariously in Black No More, George S. Schuyler's satiric romp."

Native Son by Richard Wright (1940). "Tells the story of a young black man caught in a downward spiral after he kills a young white woman in a brief moment of panic."

Love in a Fallen City by Eileen Chang (1943). "Written when Chang was still in her twenties, these extraordinary stories combine an unsettled, probing, utterly contemporary sensibility, keenly alert to sexual politics and psychological ambiguity, with an intense lyricism that echoes the classics of Chinese literature."

Ficciones by Jorge Luis Borges (1944). "The seventeen pieces in Ficciones demonstrate the whirlwind of Borges's genius and mirror the precision and potency of his intellect and inventiveness, his piercing irony, his skepticism, and his obsession with fantasy."

Where There's Love, There's Hate by Silvina Ocampo and Adolfo Bioy Casares (1946). "Both genuinely suspenseful mystery fiction and an ingenious pastiche of the genre, the only novel co-written by two towering figures of Latin American literature."

The Street by Ann Petry (1946). "The poignant, often heartbreaking story of Lutie Johnson, a young black woman, and her spirited struggle to raise her son amid the violence, poverty, and racial dissonance of Harlem in the late 1940s."

The Living Is Easy by Dorothy West (1948). "One of only a handful of novels published by black women during the forties, the story of ambitious Cleo Judson is a long-time cult classic."

The Tunnel by Ernesto Sabato (1948). "Sabato's first novel is framed as the confession of the painter Juan Pablo Castel, who has murdered the only woman capable of understanding him."

No Longer Human by Osamu Dazai (1948). "The poignant and fascinating story of a young man who is caught between the breakup of the traditions of a northern Japanese aristocratic family and the impact of Western ideas."

Nisei Daughter by Monica Sone (1952). "A Japanese American woman tells how it was to grow up on Seattle's waterfront in the 1930s and to be subjected to 'relocation' during World War II."

The Palm-Wine Drinkard by Amos Tutuola (1952). "Drawing on the West African (Nigeria), Yoruba oral folktale tradition, Tutuola described the odyssey of a devoted palm-wine drinker through a nightmare of fantastic adventure."

Go Tell It on the Mountain by James Baldwin (1953). "With lyrical precision, psychological directness, resonating symbolic power, and a rage that is at once unrelenting and compassionate, Baldwin chronicles a fourteen-year-old boy's discovery of the terms of his identity as the stepson of the minister of a storefront Pentecostal church in Harlem one Saturday in March of 1935."

The Dark Child by Camara Laye (1954). "A distinct and graceful memoir of Camara Laye's youth in the village of Koroussa, French Guinea."

The Sound of Waves by Yukio Mishima (1954). "A timeless story of first love. It tells of Shinji, a young fisherman and Hatsue, the beautiful daughter of the wealthiest man in the village."

The Waiting Years by Fumiko Enchi (1957). "In a series of colorful, unforgettable scenes, Enchi brilliantly handles the human interplay within the ill-fated Shirakawa family."

Memoirs of a Woman Doctor by Nawal El Saadawi (1958). "Rebelling against the constraints of family and society, a young Egyptian woman decides to study medicine, becoming the only woman in a class of men."

Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe (1958). "Tells two overlapping, intertwining stories, both of which center around Okonkwo, a 'strong man' of an Ibo village in Nigeria."

Nip the Buds, Shoot the Kids by Kenzaburō Ōe (1958). "Recounts the exploits of 15 teenage reformatory boys evacuated in wartime to a remote mountain village where they are feared and detested by the local peasants."

The Guide by R. K. Narayan (1958). "Formerly India's most corrupt tourist guide, Raju-just released from prison-seeks refuge in an abandoned temple. Mistaken for a holy man, he plays the part and succeeds so well that God himself intervenes to put Raju's newfound sanctity to the test."

A Raisin in the Sun by Lorraine Hansberry (1959). "Hansberry's award-winning drama about the hopes and aspirations of a struggling, working-class family living on the South Side of Chicago connected profoundly with the psyche of black America-and changed American theater forever."

Down Second Avenue by Es'kia Mphahlele (1959). "A landmark book that describes Mphahlele's experience growing up in segregated South Africa. Vivid, graceful, and unapologetic, it details a daily life of severe poverty and brutal police surveillance under the subjugation of an apartheid regime.."

God's Bits of Wood by Ousmane Sembène (1960). "In 1947-48 the workers on the Dakar-Niger railway came out on strike. This novel is an imaginative evocation of how those long days affected the lives of people who lived along the hundreds of miles of track."

The Ambiguous Adventure by Cheikh Hamidou Kane (1961). "This long-unavailable classic tells the tale of young Samba Diallo, a devout pupil in a Koranic school in Senegal whose parents send him to Paris to study philosophy."

The Woman in the Dunes by Kōbō Abe (1962). "After missing the last bus home following a day trip to the seashore, an amateur entomologist is offered lodging for the night at the bottom of a vast sand pit. But when he attempts to leave the next morning, he quickly discovers that the locals have other plans."

Selected Poems by Gwendolyn Brooks (1963). "Showcases an esteemed artist's technical mastery, her warm humanity, and her compassionate and illuminating response to a complex world."

A Backward Place by Ruth Prawer Jhabvala (1965). "Six colourful, comic characters inhabit A Backward Place. All but one are Westerners who have come to Delhi to experience an alternative way of life."

The Interpreters by Wole Sowinka (1965). "The Nobel Laureate's first novel spotlights a small circle of young Nigerian intellectuals living in Lagos."

The Autobiography of Malcolm X by Malcolm X, as told to Alex Haley (1965). "In this riveting account, he tells of his journey from a prison cell to Mecca, describing his transition from hoodlum to Muslim minister."

The River Between by Ngũgĩ wa Thiong'o (1965). "Christian missionaries attempt to outlaw the female circumcision ritual and in the process create a terrible rift between the two Kikuyu communities on either side of the river."

Efuru by Flora Nwapa (1966). "Efuru, beautiful and respected, is loved and deserted by two ordinary undistinguished husbands."

A Handful of Rice by Kamala Markandaya (1966). "The novel depicts the hard struggle of life in a modern city and its demoralization. Ravi , son of a peasant, joins in the general exodus to the city, and, floating through the indifferent streets, lands into the underworld of petty criminals."

The Doctor's Wife by Sawako Ariyoshi (1966). "This novel is really two stories: on the one hand, the successful medical career of Hanaoka Seishu, the first doctor in the world to perform surgery for breast cancer under a general anesthetic; on the other hand, the lives of his wife and his mother, who supported him with stoic resignation, even to the extent of finally volunteering to be used as guinea pigs in his experiments."

The Time of the Hero by Mario Vargas Llosa (1966). "Set among a community of cadets in a Lima military school, it is notable for its experimental and complex employment of multiple perspectives."

Black Rain by Masuji Ibuse (1966). "The story of a young woman who was caught in the radioactive 'black rain' that fell after the bombing of Hiroshima."

Houseboy by Ferdinand Oyono (1966). "Toundi Ondoua, the rural African protagonist of Houseboy, encounters a world of prisms that cast beautiful but unobtainable glimmers, especially for a black youth in colonial Cameroon."

Season of Migration to the North by Tayeb Salih (1966). "A rich and sensual work of deep honesty and incandescent lyricism. In 2001 it was selected by a panel of Arab writers and critics as the most important Arab novel of the twentieth century."

One Hundred Years of Solitude by Gabriel Garcia Márquez (1967). "Tells the story of the rise and fall, birth and death of a mythical town of Macondo through the history of the Buendia family."

Thousand Cranes by Yasunari Kawabata (1967). "While attending a traditional tea ceremony in the aftermath of his parents' deaths, Kikuji encounters his father's former mistress, Mrs. Ota. At first Kikuji is appalled by her indelicate nature, but it is not long before he succumbs to passion."
What are your favorite diverse classic books?

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
100 Must-Read Classics by People of Color

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Classic literature can teach us so much about the past-how people lived, what they thought, and what they wanted to change. But the literary canon tends to be dominated by white men. I have nothing against Charles Dickens, Nathaniel Hawthorne, George Orwell, and the like, but there's so much more for lovers of classics to read.

# data[].attributes.body
https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1jKivhEbsz12konC4mUq8b3771kbrSh7v?usp=sharing

# data[].attributes.headline
National Museum of African American History & Culture Picture Walk

# data[].attributes.subject
National Museum of African American History & Culture Picture Walk

# data[].attributes.body
https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1-E-C0NURqFd5XPA496kqaR7keC46yjTq?usp=sharing

# data[].attributes.body
https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1CxJKqEypOoqt6kt60kVBssIP7YHhDcUFgoXmO9mvo2E/edit

# data[].attributes.body
https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/12MBQRTgKXuOTQO4O6WsGkvb-1pbCsF3nbRMdOcDrHWE/edit

# data[].attributes.body
https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1BMbuFsglKsWuRt_LC71MQktL-cOmvxN6vYLFFMEvkf4/edit

# data[].attributes.body
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1_awZ0t1BkPUBM03NVeDY6c5HMbh5t5sK/view?usp=drivesdk

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Inaugural poet Amanda Gorman delivers a poem at Joe Biden's inauguration

# data[].attributes.body
https://www.ted.com/talks/ron_eglash_the_fractals_at_the_heart_of_african_designs?language=en

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Ron Eglash: The fractals at the heart of African designs

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
'I am a mathematician, and I would like to stand on your roof.' That is how Ron Eglash greeted many African families he met while researching the fractal patterns he'd noticed in villages across the continent.

# data[].attributes.body
https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1WLxZj9AcmXhObuclL9y7QZLibcqVjPpSvoTfDQdU0_s/edit

# data[].attributes.body
https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1VCliynwEn9TPeqP-GhevyLbNW0xj-KGV1oSryERdtwQ/edit

# data[].attributes.body
https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1zgkrhnanRcHipNqE2B5rSsw1G6oWPT79GQk0kvzedYU/edit

# data[].attributes.body
https://docs.google.com/file/d/1HELl3x4VbASSGnNGkJ_TZL-XlMFIAQGW/edit?usp=docslist_api&filetype=mspresentation

# data[].attributes.body
https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1QMN8Fw99nXAfRBDkM_dNzGMC4PrFiHsqajGz1nDbqk8/edit

# data[].attributes.body
https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1wI0Oq1KwS8qSLhG9Blm9U-4yr7CVxiXjDnxlkgV3G1s/edit

# data[].attributes.body
https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1xVr3vSW985mlCOvBX5YgENZCZcnOqIKzSQxixbfGn8k/edit

# data[].attributes.body
https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1bgcLRaBytq1Pf8w4GL9eNLwBOjQ8TPWR

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Incorporate black history year-round, not just in February. Use the month of February to dig deeper into history and make connections with the past.

Continue Learning. Explore how to provide an in-depth and thorough understanding of black history. Textbooks are notorious for omitting information about the struggles of communities, and what they include is limited, so use the textbook as one of many resources. While exploring multiple resources, allow for opportunities to learn along with your students.

Reinforce to students that "black" history is American history. Make black history relevant to all students.

Relate lessons to other parts of your curriculum, so that focusing on a leader, like Fred Shuttlesworth, expands upon rather than diverts from your curriculum. By the time February comes around, the context of the struggle for civil rights and social justice should be familiar to students if you have already addressed such issues across the curriculum.

Connect issues in the past to current issues to make history relevant to students' lives. For example, ask students to gather information with a focus on what social disparities exist today and how a particular leader has worked to change society.

Include the political and social context of the community's struggle for social justice. For example, talk about Daisy Bates' political affiliations and her political ideologies. You see her bravery not as just a personal act but as coming out of community determination.

Stop your "regular" curriculum, to do a separate lesson on Rosa Parks, on the Civil Rights Act or on Martin Luther King Jr. This trivializes and marginalizes anything you are teaching, making these leaders a token of their culture and ethnicity. Students will get the message that the diversion it is not as important as the "regular" curriculum.

Decontextualize heroes or holidays, separating them from the larger social movement or historical place. Great leaders don't make history all by themselves. For example, if you teach about James Farmer, you must also address the work of the Congress on Racial Equality (CORE) and the Freedom Rides.

Focus on superficial cultural traits based on stereotypes. It's ok to celebrate black music, but teachers should also explore the political and social contexts that give rise to musical forms like hip hop.

Talk about black history in solely "feel-good" language, or as a thing of the past. This fails to help students examine how racism manifests itself today.

Limit the presentation to lectures and reading. Be sure to allow students an opportunity for discussion and reflection.

Teach with little or inaccurate information. Review resources to make sure they don't promote a Eurocentric perspective, which may misrepresent historic figures and social movements.

Shy away from controversial, ambiguous, or unresolved issues. Share the real-life experiences about racial realities in developmentally appropriate ways.
Adapted from material by Pat Russo of the Curriculum & Instruction Department at SUNY Oswego. (Sept. 2007)

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Do's and Don'ts of Teaching Black History

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Incorporate black history year-round, not just in February. Use the month of February to dig deeper into history and make connections with the past. Continue Learning. Explore how to provide an in-depth and thorough understanding of black history.