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Did you mean:
hello everybody, for my SIL project, i learned a few spanish words and learned how to say can you make me a sandwich
?

hola a todos, para mi proyecto SIL, aprendí algunas palabras en español y aprendí a decir ¿puedes hacerme un sandwich?

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Think i acccidentally deleted the previous post lmaoo, so i shall do this again

So i didnt draw much this session and spent more time learning how to plan out poses instead. I didnt draw the actual body because i already learnt that the previous session :))

For example, we could use stickmen to plan out poses so the limb proportions and placing does not look weird when you put details in. We could also use hip bones/ribcages to guide us on where the body should be facing. We can also use circles for joints.

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https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1TxarQOs9jUoKgxcUrWn490ivC2X_MBPFpq1hI6N5XeQ/edit#slide=id.p

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I went to research the F-14 Tomcat

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What I planned to do: To continue learning python (since i’m pretty sure I would forget the skill eventually if I don’t practice it from time time to time ). So ye.

SIL Ses 1 (5 Jul):

-Ok, so I want to start on going back and trying to understand what classes and objects are since like I didn’t quite understand the previous time, and like i have been putting it off so ye… 😬 Ard half an hour later…
-Omg, I actually understand it now :o-I also learnt the concept of inheritance, so… that’s nice :)Anywayzz…
-I found a video online that I can follow to learn more… I guess? (I am really unsure cuz I don’t really have a plan for this process so pardon me o.o)
-https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HGOBQPFzWKo
-It says advanced in the video, but like it says intermediate in the video desc so I am just going to try it.Ard an hour later…
-Ok, I learn some more things like the different types of functions you can use for lists
-Some functions like .sort(), reverse(), index(), etc.
-and I am literally struggling to grasp the concept of tuples and like it’s usage ;-;

SIL Ses 2 (19 Jul)

-Ok I am back trying to continue learning tuples
-I kind of only partially understand it. I searched other websites like https://www.w3schools.com but like I still get stuck when trying to use it in Python exercises
-I continued to learn sets in python, it just kinda is the sec 3 math topic on sets but like in code form so ye..

SIL Ses 3 (2 Aug)

-Today I don’t really feel that motivated to do anything, so I will try my best to finish at least one aspect in python
-Okay, I finished the python part about strings. It talked about the different aspects of strings like how they are immutable (characters is unable to be changed) and the different functions, like .split(), which splits each character into a list.

SIL Ses 4 (16 Aug)

-Today, I tried learning the lambda function, which is like a function with no name. It is kind of weird to use it since I never really used it before, and typically lambda functions only allow one line of code, so it is quite limiting to use

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its actually really hard to learn a completely foreign language cause theres a lot of memory work involved. since bcd was fortnightly, and i didn't really use japanese everyday, i often forgot about what i had learnt the previous session. after 4 sessions i could only read extremely simple words in japanese when its written with English characters, and i think its cause i lacked practice. in conclusion, i learnt that learning a new skill requires a lot of practice

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i learnt about forming simple sentences in japanese
for example:
hi, nice to meet you -- konichiwa, hajimemashite
are you okay -- anata wa daijiobu

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i learnt a few basic words in japanese like
hello -- konichiwa
bye -- sayonara
cat -- neko
today -- kyo

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i learnt more about how japanese is pronounced through this website:
https://www.tofugu.com/japanese/japanese-pronunciation/

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How do you feel about your Japanese pronunciation? Depending on your native language, a lot of it is very easy. You can produce accurate sounds, similar to those of a native Japanese speaker.

Spend an hour going through this page. You'll be able to apply these concepts literally every time you use or study Japanese.

But, there are a few sounds that most people aren't doing right. R's and F's, for example. Beyond that, there are pronunciation challenges such as long vowels, double consonants, the nasal が, and pitch accent. Not to mention it all gets ten times more difficult once you start applying these concepts to sentences, not just words.

Can Japanese people understand you even if you don't do all of those things? Probably. But to us, learning proper pronunciation is part of the fun. And, don't you want to speak the best Japanese you possibly can? It's not as hard as you think to make progress with your pronunciation. Instead of ignoring it, spend an hour going through this page. You'll be able to apply these concepts literally every time you use or study Japanese.

We're going to start with foundational work first, then build from there. As you read, try it all out: the mouth shapes, the sounds, the tongue positions-I think you'll be surprised at how much you're able to improve in such a short time.

Prerequisite: This guide is going to use hiragana and some katakana, so we highly recommend you learn it beforehand by reading our guides. Don't worry! They can be learned in a day or two, just come back when you're ready. The final section will include Japanese sentences that fall around the intermediate level.

Japanese Sounds and Writing

First, we need to start with the sounds that are available to us. For that, we look at written Japanese, which is made up of three parts.

Hiragana and katakana are phonetic syllabaries, which is a fancy way of saying two things:

1. The symbols represent sounds

2. Each symbol represents a syllable

While hiragana and katakana look different, they both represent the same sounds, they just have different uses. Kanji are the characters borrowed from China, but luckily, you don't have to worry about kanji or katakana right now. Let's focus on hiragana and how understanding it can help you with Japanese pronunciation.

Each hiragana symbol represents a syllable sound. This is different from English in a few different ways. First, just because you know how to pronounce a word in English doesn't mean you know how to spell it. English is notoriously difficult to learn for many reasons, but a big one is that spelling and pronouncing words can be a big headache. We have words like colonel, recipe, through, and threw. It's a fascinating mess.

Japanese, on the other hand, has mostly kept up with how words are pronounced and written. This means that what you see is (almost always) what you get, and if you can say it, you can spell it, and vice versa.

Syllables and Spelling

Understanding that Japanese is made up of phonetic syllables is incredibly helpful when it comes to understanding how to pronounce them.

Each hiragana symbol represents a syllable.

There are vowels: あいうえお
And consonants plus vowels: かきくけこ (and the rest)

Instead of splitting up their individual sounds, Japanese keeps these sounds in larger chunks. For example, if you wanted to express the sound か in English it would be spelled "ka" with the consonant k and the vowel a. For ち it would be two consonants to make the sound ch (c+h) and the vowel i. Instead of separating everything into its smallest part or combinations to represent unique sounds (like ch) with letters, Japanese uses syllables to make the same sound using fewer symbols.

I could get a lot deeper into syllables and how they differ in Japanese, but this is enough to understand pronouncing Japanese for now. If you'd like to learn more, you can alway head over to our article on haiku, and read the section on mora (the Japanese equivalent to syllables).

Understanding that Japanese is made up of phonetic syllables (syllables that directly correlate to a sound) is incredibly helpful when it comes to understanding how to pronounce them.

Japanese Sounds and Your Mouth

Every sound in a language, Japanese included, can be explained by the place where the sound originates and the movements of your mouth, nose, and throat. We're going to learn some terms that you can use to help understand these sounds in Japanese.

In some languages, these placements and the variations between them can get complicated, but Japanese doesn't have many sounds compared to languages like English or Mandarin or Russian, so you're already at an advantage!

Japanese Vowels

Let's begin with the least complicated sounds in Japanese: vowels. Vowels are made when the air coming out of your lungs is not blocked by anything. That air travels from your lungs, vibrates through your vocal cords, and out of your mouth without anything else getting in the way.

The only thing that distinguishes vowel sounds from each other is the placement of your tongue as the air comes out of your mouth.

Two things are important for us to know:

The tongue's height

The tongue's dimensions

For height, the tongue can be in the high, mid, or low position.
For dimensions, the tongue can be front, center, or back.

Let's look at all of the Japanese vowels:

Now say each of these sounds out loud, and feel where your tongue is in your own mouth as you imitate the audio. Feel it move forward and backward as well as up and down.

That's it! Those are all of the vowel sounds in Japanese, and the best thing is that they pretty much never change. They're always pronounced the same way, no matter what word they're in, and what they come before or after doesn't change them. This is rare in other languages, like English, where the vowel "a" could be pronounced differently depending on where it is in a word.

Say these words aloud:

Did you feel your tongue move around? They are all short words with "a" as the middle vowel, but each of them are made with your tongue in a different position in your mouth. This is one of the reasons that English can't be called a phonetic language. Those are actually four different sounds, and in IPA (the International Phonetic Alphabet) we use four different symbols to represent them because, for the sake of pronunciation, they're different vowels.

So while it may seem that we have the same number of vowels as Japanese in English, it's only true for the written language. In reality, English is a much more phonetically rich language-there are actually more sounds than it seems!

Consonants

Consonants are created when the air is blocked on its way out of your body.

Consonants have a few more things going on than vowels, and are created when the air is blocked on its way out of your body. Remember, vowels don't have any blockage, they're only affected by your tongue's position, but your tongue isn't actually blocking any of that air from getting out. It's shaping the air so that the sound changes slightly before it exits.

There are four important things to consider when we make consonants:

Where the sound is blocked

How the sound is blocked

If your vocal cords vibrated

If it went through your mouth or your nose

Where the Sound Is Blocked

There are different places in your mouth where sound can be blocked and what parts can do the blocking. Thanks to biology and linguistics coming together, all of these body parts have names.

Lips: The mouth openings you use for smooching and smiling.
Teeth: The hard points you use to chomp food.
Hard Palate: That bony, ribbed hard part behind your teeth on the roof of your mouth.
Alveolar Ridge: The ridge right before the end of the hard palate.
Soft Palate (Velum): The soft part after the alveolar ridge that doesn't have any bones or ridges.
Uvula: The dangly tissue in the back of your throat.
Glottis: The opening between your vocal cords.

If you moved your tongue around your mouth or looked in the mirror while you read that, you're using this guide correctly. I highly recommend you explore your mouth to see and feel these bits (but don't touch your uvula, it'll make you throw up).

How the Sound Is Blocked

How the air is being blocked in your mouth goes hand-in-hand with where it's being blocked. We also have terms for the different types of blockage that go on in there.

Stops: The air is being completely blocked.
Fricatives: The air is being forced through a narrow opening and is not completely blocked, instead this narrow opening creates "friction," thus the name "fricative."
Affricates: This is a combination of a stop and a fricative. The air is stopped for a short time and then released through a narrow opening, creating friction.
Liquids: Similar to fricatives, but with less friction, allowing more space for the air to move through.

And then there's the special case:

Glides: A mix of a vowel and a consonant, sometimes called a "semivowel." They're almost exactly like vowels except that you move more than your tongue to make them. They act like consonants in Japanese, so we put them here.

Vocal Cords

Your vocal cords (or vocal folds) are these two little flaps of membrane that live in your throat and control how much air goes out of your trachea, which is the tube that leads into your lungs (as opposed to your stomach). They open when you breathe, and constrict causing them to vibrate when you speak. Every time you make a vowel sound, your vocal cords are vibrating. That vibration is the origin of the sound you then shape with your tongue, lips, and other mouth parts.

But not all consonants need the vocal cords to vibrate to create a sound. Your body is capable of making sounds without needing your vocal cords. Try to make kissy-sounds with your lips. Or snap your fingers. You didn't need your vocal cords to make those sounds, but you still made them with your body, and you could hear them.

We call consonants that do vibrate the vocal cords voiced consonants. While consonants that do not vibrate the vocal cords are then unvoiced consonants.

For this same reason, all vowels in Japanese are considered voiced because they all require your vocal cords to vibrate. The name "vowel" actually comes from the word for "vocal," so that should help you remember vowels are voiced.

Another bonus we get from hiragana being a phonetic syllabary is that all voiced consonants are marked with little markings called diacritics.

゛(dakuten) means a sound is voiced
゜(handakuten) means an h turns to a p

Mouth vs Nose

A sound's final destination is how it leaves (or tries to leave) your body. After its journey from your lungs, past your vocal cords, and up into your face it has two methods of escape: your mouth and your nose. This is where we can go back to our first important thing: where is the sound being blocked?

If the air is going into your mouth, then we call this an oral consonant. But if the air is going into your nose to make the sound, we call it a nasal consonant.

When talking about consonants, oral consonants are much more common in Japanese and English. This means they're usually omitted when explaining a sound, just like saying a "voiced vowel" is redundant, you usually don't see something called an "oral consonant," and instead nasal consonants will be marked as the outliers.

Let's go over the different consonant sounds in Japanese so you can feel exactly what's happening in your own mouth. These won't be in aiueo order, which you probably used to learn hiragana. Instead, we're going to travel through your mouth based on the order of the important things above. Think of it like a tour of your own mouth parts.

Remember to keep these four important questions in your mind:

Where is the air being blocked?

How is the air being blocked?

Did your vocal cords vibrate?

Did the air go through your nose or your mouth?

We have some special adjectives that answer each one.

Bilabial = both lips

Alveolar = alveolar ridge

Velar = velum/soft palate

Nasal = nose

Palato-Alveolar = behind alveolar ridge but before soft palate

Glottal = glottis

Uvular = uvula

Voiced Bilabial Stops: ばびぶべぼ
Voiceless Bilabial Stops: ぱぴぷぺぽ
Voiced Bilabial Nasal Stop: まみむめも　ん

Both of your lips are coming together to completely stop the air. There are three types of bilabial stops in Japanese: b, p, and m.

Voiced Alveolar Stop: だでど
Voiceless Alveolar Stop: たてと
Voiced Alveolar Nasal Stop: なにぬねの　ん

Your tongue is hitting right behind your teeth to completely stop the air. There are three types of alveolar stops in Japanese: d, t, and n.

Voiceless Velar Stop: かきくけこ
Voiced Velar Nasal Stop: ん (sometimes がぎぐげご)

The middle of your tongue is hitting your velum/soft palate to completely stop the air. There are three types of velar stops in Japanese: g, k, and in some accents a nasal g sound that we don't have in English, and looks like this in IPA: ŋ. More on that later.

Voiceless Bilabial Fricative: ふ

Your lips are forming a small opening, creating friction, for the air to pass through. There is only one of these in Japanese and none in English, but it's in between f and h. More on that later.

Voiced Alveolar Fricative: ざずぜぞ
Voiceless Alveolar Fricative: さすせそ

Your tongue is creating friction close behind your teeth. There are two types of alveolar fricatives in Japanese: z and s.

Voiceless Palato-Alveolar Fricative: し

The tip of your tongue is creating friction close behind the alveolar ridge. This is the only one in Japanese, and it's slightly further back than its English counterpart: sh.

Voiceless Palatal Fricative: ひ

The body of your tongue is creating friction close to your hard palate. There is only one in Japanese, and it has no match in English. More on that later.

Voiceless Glottal Fricative: はへほ

You're creating friction between your vocal cords, at the glottis, which is the name for the opening between them. Basically these folds are coming closer together than they normally do, and the sound is coming from that friction. There is one glottal fricative in Japanese: h.

Voiced Alveolar Affricate: づ
Voiceless Alveolar Affricate: つ

Your tongue is stopping behind your teeth, then releasing, creating friction. There are two alveolar affricates in Japanese: dzu and tsu.

Voiced Palato-Alveolar Affricate: じぢ
Voiceless Palato-Alveolar Affricate: ち

The tip of your tongue is stopping behind the alveolar ridge, then releasing, creating friction. There are three palato-alveolar affricates in Japanese: ji, dzi, and chi.

Voiced Alveolar Liquid: らりるれろ

Alveolar liquids in Japanese are special because they do something called an alveolar tap. This means the tip of your tongue is touching the alveolar ridge for just a moment before releasing. There is one alveolar liquid in Japanese, which is usually represented with an r, but don't be fooled. They aren't the same sound. More on that later.

Voiced Velar Glide: わ

The body of your tongue is moving toward your velum/soft palate, and your lips are moving closer together. There is one velar glide in Japanese: w.

Voiced Palatal Glide: やゆよ

The body of your tongue is moving toward your hard palate. There is one palatal glide in Japanese: y.

Voiced Uvular Nasal: ん

The body of your tongue is touching your uvula, but it probably feels like it isn't that far back. There is one uvular nasal in Japanese: n.

Important Differences

Now let's get into all of those "more on that later" stuff we put off earlier. Just because Japanese doesn't have as many sounds as English, doesn't mean the ones they do have are exactly the same. There are a few important differences that will help you sound more like a native speaker and less like a Japanese learner.

ふ

Hiragana teaches this as hu or fu, but these aren't accurate because this sound doesn't exist in English. The English fu is made by stopping the air with your bottom lip and your teeth. This is a labio-dental stop, which as you probably noticed, isn't even in our list of Japanese mouth sound adjectives. That's because they just don't have any.

The ふ sound is made by blowing air through a narrow space between both lips, making it a bilabial fricative.

ひ

Hiragana teaches this as hi, but sometimes it sounds less like heat and more like the German ich or the English huge, when an old man says it kinda of exaggeratedly. For some people this is very easy to hear, while other people may make their h sound much closer to ours in English. The man in the following audio, has a very clear Japanese ひ.

ん

Did you notice that ん showed up on our list four times?! That's because this is the most inconsistent sound in Japanese. In fact, just its existence is unique because it's the only consonant in Japanese that isn't a syllable in the traditional English sense.

ん is a consonant without a vowel after it. It changes in pronunciation depending where it is. It is the biggest exception in all of the Japanese sounds!

How to pronounce it depends on where it appears.
ん → n ん → m ん → ŋ
When ん changes based on where it is, it is called "coarticulation," and it happens in English too. Your brain is basically deciding that it's easier for your mouth to say it this way. Listen once more to "shimbun."

Pronouncing ん correctly is super important because of the confusion it can cause with なにぬねの. This is a common issue with English speakers in Japan, especially people reading romaji pronunciations from guides and travel books.

Let's say you're in the city of Itami and you want to find New Itami Station. This is spelled shinitamieki in romaji. But it's pronounced:

However, if you mistake that for:

Did you notice that ん showed up on our list four times?! That's because this is the most inconsistent sound in Japanese.

It sounds like you're saying, "I feel like I want to die Station" not "New Itami Station."

There are over fifty cases where switching ん with なにぬねの just in train station names can make you end up in the wrong place. We checked! So it's pretty important that you're able to read hiragana and pronounce it, especially without relying on romaji.

らりるれろ

The Japanese r/l sound is the sound people get tripped up by the most. Probably because it seems like it should be pronounced like the two English sounds it gets translated to the most: r and l.

Let's take a look at those English sounds:

They're both alveolar voiced liquids (alveolar ridge plus less friction than other consonants), like the Japanese らりるれろ, but the tongue is doing very different things:

r: the tongue is in the middle of the mouth, curled up, and not touching any other parts.
l: the tip of your tongue is touching your alveolar ridge, but the air is moving around the sides.
らりるれろ: the tip of your tongue is touching the alveolar ridge quickly, then releasing.

While they are all voiced, in the same area, and let quite a bit of air through, your tongue is doing different things.

If you have to compare it to English, think of the r/l location but the d sound.

を

While you may spell this "wo" when you're typing, を is pronounced like お when you're talking and using it as a particle. However, in songs and old Japanese, you'll sometimes hear it pronounced as "wo."

じ/ぢ and ず/づ

Today (modern) these pairs are pronounced almost the exact same way. But there are a few exceptions left over from the old days:

These voiced consonants are saved almost exclusively for compounds, repeating vowels, and cases of rendaku. Can you hear the difference between the unvoiced and voiced pairs?

Pronouncing Vocabulary

You know how to pronounce all the sounds! But making words is more than just shoving those separate sounds together to make words. Well, in some cases it isn't, but there are plenty of new things that come with pronouncing different Japanese words.

All of these are essential to pronouncing words clearly!

Short and Long Sounds

Japanese has different symbols for long and short sounds. In hiragana, long sounds are usually represented with a vowel and in katakana with the ー symbol. In hiragana, short sounds are represented with the っ commonly referred to as the "small tsu." Similarly, katakana uses its own small tsu ッ.
Long sounds: Short sounds:
Let's practice hearing and saying the differences:

Can you hear the differences? A really helpful way to think about this difference is to focus on the emphasis. Japanese may not have stress or emphasis the same way as we do in English, but if you listen, you can hear that the long sounds have more stress. And the short sounds have stress on the other parts of the words they're in.

One very common mispronunciation of long sounds is between these two words:

かわいい means cute. こわい means scary. Many new learners mix the two up and call people scary when they mean to say they're cute. Hear the difference? Now you won't make this mistake!

Double Consonants

While it doesn't look like there are two consonants here, we write them that way in English. This means the consonant takes up extra time and sounds like a pause is happening before it. This is called "germination."

Don't mix these two up!

One is a long sound and the other is a double consonant. Can you hear how different they sound? One means eight days, and the other means four days-you definitely don't want to get those wrong.

You can also hear this when ん and なにぬねの meet, but because ん is our special exception symbol, this isn't represented with っ.

Dropping す ち and し

One of the first things new learners are corrected on is their pronunciation of です and ます. Looking at them, it seems straightforward: combine the two sounds, and you get the pronunciation, but it isn't so simple.

The す sound has a habit of dropping its vowel う. This is called "devoicing."

It's especially common at the end of a word or before certain consonants.

And す isn't the only sound that gets devoiced. ち and し are other common offenders.

Can you hear how short they sound?

Nasal が

This is a regional change, but it's not uncommon, especially if you spend time with people older than you. Certain areas of Japan change the g sounds of がぎぐげご to the nasal velar stop you know as ん. Let's listen to a man with this accent, pay close attention to how nasal the g sounds get.

It may sound like these words are being pronounced wrong, but they're not! It's just another variation that pops up from time to time.

Pitch and Speaking Japanese

If you've ever tried speaking Japanese to a Japanese person, and they didn't understand you even though you definitely said the right words, there is a high chance it's your pitch that threw them off.

The final ingredient to pronouncing Japanese words correctly is pitch.

Japanese is not like English-it does not have stress or emphasis that determines how to pronounce each word. Nor is it like Mandarin, as it does not have tones that denote meaning. But it's not a "flat" language either, which seems to be a common assumption and mistake even among teachers.

Pitch in the context of speaking Japanese is similar to what we talk about in singing a song. These are the notes that go up and down on a scale. While the exact notes aren't always the same and can differ depending on where in Japan you are, copying the pitch accents of those around you will help you sound like a native.

If you've ever tried speaking Japanese to a Japanese person, and they didn't understand you even though you definitely said the right words, there is a high chance it's your pitch that threw them off.

While we won't go into everything here, because Japanese pitch accent can get pretty technical, let's cover some of the basics.

Pitch Accent Patterns

We talk about pitch in Japanese in terms of highs and lows. The actual starting position differs based on your natural speaking voice and range. Think of it this way: the tune is the same, but the key changes based on the instrument (i.e. the voice of the person).

There are a few basic rules that can help you immensely in learning how to pronounce words like a native:

1. If a word starts low, the next sound goes high

2. If a word starts high, the next sound goes low

3. Most long words go low again near the end

There are many ways to look up each individual word to make sure you're pronouncing it the correct way, which our friend Dogen went over a while back. If you really want to get into it, I'll leave you in his hands.

We made some handy examples of almost all of the pitch accents you'll hear in Japanese, with some help from the list provided in the iOS Japanese dictionary. Listen to each one, and see if you can hear the patterns as they're explained below with just two letters.

In no universe do you ever need to memorize these patterns. They're just here to give you a feel for how Japanese words naturally rise and fall. Messing them up a little bit probably won't hurt anything, and Japanese people will almost always know what you mean, even if you don't get the pitch quite right.

However, if you nail your pitch, you'll sound more like a native than the average second-language Japanese speakers out there.

Same Spelling, Different Pitch

There are a few cases where Japanese words seem to share the same pronunciation, but actually have different pitch accent patterns.

These little differences are where knowing pitch accent can really help you sound like a real natural!

Why not try and see if you got it? We made a listening test with the above words in sentences. Download it below by joining our mailing list.

Download Pronunciation Listening Test by signing up to the Tofugu newsletter

Warning: Remember that accents change depending on where you are and where the people you're talking to grew up. There is no "one accent" that all of Japan shares, just like how there are tons of different ways to pronounce words in English.

Pronouncing Phrases and Sentences

Pitch is also important when you combine these words into longer phrases and finally sentences. The trend in Japanese is that phrases start high and gradually go lower. Phrases are usually broken up by particles and punctuation, letting you take a breath and build back up again.

Let's look at some examples of how pitch builds and falls, first with some phrases, and then with full sentences.

Can you see and hear how each phrase starts high and slowly lowers? Let's look at the entire sentence.

Each phrase is separate even in one sentence. Here we have two pauses, once after the comma, once after ながら, a grammar point that means "while doing."

Each word still has its own pitch accent, but they blend together a bit in each phrase. Letting you pause at the right places does a few important things for your Japanese pronunciation:

You have time to think about the next phrase. If you try to say one long string of words it's really easy to get tongue-tied. Take a breath here and reset.

It makes what you're saying clear and easy to understand. If you blurt out a long sentence it may be hard for native speakers to understand what you're saying, because...

Native speakers pause at these parts too! We have pauses like this in English too, so make sure you aren't talking like a speed demon for no reason.

Okay, let's look at another sentence.

Once again we have two pauses, once after 「昨日」and once between the two phrases 「生まれて初めて」 and 「腹踊りをしました」. Let's look at and listen to a few more sentences.

We see the same pattern here as we did in the sentence before it. After you「歯磨きをした後」 you 「パジャマに着替えて」 and then 「ベッドに行きましょう」.

If you want to ace a Japanese speaking contest, using these types of pitch patterns and pauses can be the difference between a win and an "honorable mention."

While not all sentences are nicely broken up like this, these rise and fall patterns and pauses are extremely common in spoken Japanese. And if you want to ace a Japanese speaking contest, using these types of pitch patterns and pauses can be the difference between a win and an "honorable mention."

Each of the breakdowns above were made using a wonderful website called Prosody Tutor Suzuki-kun, made by the people behind the Online Japanese Accent Dictionary. Their pronunciation studies and tools can be invaluable when it comes to learning how to pronounce words, phrases, and sentences in Japanese.

If you'd like to use their tools, specifically for parsing out longer sentences like those above, they have a small English guide here. Eventually, you'll outgrow it, picking up the cadence and pitch of the Japanese speakers you interact with. But until then, use tools like this to impress your Japanese teachers, tutors, and friends with how natural your pronunciation sounds.

For the fun of it, we also recorded some "natural" versions of these sentences as well, so you can hear the difference between the radio and speech friendly accent above and the everyday conversational accent below. If you can say these sentences with the same speed, accent, and tempo, you'll be speaking like a Japanese pro in no time.

We also recorded a podcast about Japanese pronunciation where we ask more questions, mess up (for your education, of course), and make a ton of mouth noises into the mic. You can subscribe to The Tofugu Podcast for more on the Japanese language and Japan on Apple Podcasts, Soundcloud, or wherever you get your podcasts.

Sources

Tsujimura Natsuko. An Introduction to Japanese Linguistics. 3rd Edition.

Japanese Stack Exchange

"Comparative and Historical Linguistics," 2010 (University Course)

"Japanese Pitch-Accent Workshop for Japanese Language Professionals," presented by the Online Japanese Accent Dictionary, 2017 (University Lecture)

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A Guide to Japanese Pronunciation: Sounds, Words, and Sentences

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How do you feel about your Japanese pronunciation? Depending on your native language, a lot of it is very easy. You can produce accurate sounds, similar to those of a native Japanese speaker. Spend an hour going through this page. You'll be able to apply these concepts literally every time you use or study Japanese.

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i researched on the history of Japanese language and found out that it appeared in the 8th century. this language mixes in some Chinese characters

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Through this SIL journey, I learned a lot of things. The first of which would be patience, because I realised that it takes a lot of time and patience just to make one simple dish that can be eaten within a few minutes. It was also an enriching experience for me because it also taught me new simple recipes that I can follow in the future to make desserts again. Overall, I would love to do this again in the future.

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Since drawing is something i really enjoy, it is nice to be able to do it as schoolwork. I get to unwind and learn how to draw anatomy and poses at the same time, which is really nice.

Through this bcd session, i have learnt to be more responsible and finish my tasks on time.

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I used this vid: https://youtu.be/aPflB7_XXaY

Didnt really draw a lot this session, but i learnt more about how to plan out poses. I didnt draw the actual body in the pose above because we already learnt body proportions in the previous sessions :))

For example, we could use stickmen (like above) to plan out the poses before putting in the details, so we could make sure the pose/proportions looks decent. We could use circles for joints, and could add in the hip bone/rib cage to help us plan out the body proportions.

Forshortening in poses are also pretty common, but i wont learn that today.

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I really enjoyed using procreate! It was definitely a fun experience to work with different brushes and new features i have never tried before. I think i will be using procreate more often after this :D

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I coloured and added details to the draft, using some of the special features in procreate such as the colour palette one.

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I tested out some brushes in the app :D I like the round brush the most 

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For my last SIL session, I researched into a more interesting part of astronomy: Black holes.

Black holes
-extremely dense, with a high gravitational attraction such that nothing can escape its pull, not even electromagnetic waves like light
-existence was first predicted by Albert Einstein in 1916, was originally a theoretical object
-Black holes have 3 layers, the outer and inner event horizon, and the singularity
-The inner region of a black hole where an object's mass lies, is known as its singularity, the single point in space-time where the mass of the black hole is concentrated.
-Event horizon is the boundary around the mouth of the black hole, past which light cannot escape. Once a particlr crosses the event horizon, it cannot leave. Gravity is constant across the event horizon.

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(Image credit: solarseven via Getty Images )

Black holes are some of the strangest and most fascinating objects in space. They're extremely dense, with such strong gravitational attraction that not even light can escape their grasp.

The Milky Way could contain over 100 million black holes, though detecting these gluttonous beasts is very difficult. At the heart of the Milky Way lies a supermassive black hole - Sagittarius A*. The colossal structure is about 4 million times the mass of the sun and lies approximately 26,000 light-years away from , according to a statement from NASA (opens in new tab).

The first image of a black hole was captured in 2019 by the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) collaboration. The striking photo of the black hole at the center of the M87 galaxy 55 million light-years from Earth thrilled scientists around the world.

Related: White holes: What we know about black holes' neglected twins

Black hole discovery

Albert Einstein first predicted the existence of black holes in 1916, with his general theory of relativity. The term "black hole" was coined many years later in 1967 by American astronomer John Wheeler. After decades of black holes being known only as theoretical objects.

The first black hole ever discovered was Cygnus X-1, located within the Milky Way in the constellation of Cygnus, the Swan. Astronomers saw the first signs of the black hole in 1964 when a sounding rocket detected celestial sources of X-rays according to NASA (opens in new tab). In 1971, astronomers determined that the X-rays were coming from a bright blue star orbiting a strange dark object. It was suggested that the detected X-rays were a result of stellar material being stripped away from the bright star and "gobbled" up by the dark object - an all-consuming black hole.

How many black holes are there?

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According to the Space Telescope Science Institute (opens in new tab) (STScI) approximately one out of every thousand stars is massive enough to become a black hole. Since the Milky Way contains over 100 billion stats, our home galaxy must harbor some 100 million black holes.

Though detecting black holes is a difficult task and estimates from NASA (opens in new tab) suggest there could be as many as 10 million to a billion stellar black holes in the Milky Way.

The closest black hole to Earth is dubbed " The Unicorn" and is situated approximately 1,500 light-years away. The nickname has a double meaning. Not only does the black hole candidate reside in the constellation Monoceros ("the unicorn"), its incredibly low mass - about three times that of the sun - makes it nearly one of a kind.
Related: How many black holes are there in the universe?
Black hole images

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In 2019 the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) collaboration released the first image ever recorded of a black hole. The EHT saw the black hole in the center of galaxy M87 while the telescope was examining the event horizon or the area past which nothing can escape from a black hole. The image maps the sudden loss of photons (particles of light). It also opens up a whole new area of research in black holes, now that astronomers know what a black hole looks like.

In 2021, astronomers revealed a new view of the giant black hole at the center of M87, showing what the colossal structure looks like in polarized light. As polarized light waves have a different orientation and brightness compared to unpolarized light, the new image shows the black hole in even more detail. Polarization is a signature of magnetic fields and the image makes it clear that the black hole's ring is magnetized.

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What do black holes look like?

Black holes have three "layers": the outer and inner event horizon, and the singularity.

The event horizon of a black hole is the boundary around the mouth of the black hole, past which light cannot escape. Once a particle crosses the event horizon, it cannot leave. Gravity is constant across the event horizon.

The inner region of a black hole, where the object's mass lies, is known as its singularity, the single point in space-time where the mass of the black hole is concentrated.

Scientists can't see black holes the way they can see stars and other objects in space. Instead, astronomers must rely on detecting the radiation black holes emit as dust and gas are drawn into the dense creatures. But supermassive black holes, lying in the center of a galaxy, may become shrouded by the thick dust and gas around them, which can block the telltale emissions.

Sometimes, as matter is drawn toward a black hole, it ricochets off the event horizon and is hurled outward, rather than being tugged into the maw. Bright jets of material traveling at near-relativistic speeds are created. Although the black hole remains unseen, these powerful jets can be viewed from great distances.

The EHT's image of a black hole in M87 (released in 2019) was an extraordinary effort, requiring two years of research even after the images were taken. That's because the collaboration of telescopes, which stretches across many observatories worldwide, produces an astounding amount of data that is too large to transfer via the internet.

With time, researchers expect to image other black holes and build up a repository of what the objects look like. The next target is likely Sagittarius A*, which is the black hole in the center of our own Milky Way galaxy. Sagittarius A* is intriguing because it is quieter than expected, which may be due to magnetic fields smothering its activity, a 2019 study reported. Another study that year showed that a cool gas halo surrounds Sagittarius A*, which gives unprecedented insight into what the environment around a black hole looks like.

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Types of black holes

So far, astronomers have identified three types of black holes: stellar black holes, supermassive black holes and intermediate black holes.

Stellar black holes - small but deadly

When a star burns through the last of its fuel, the object may collapse, or fall into itself. For smaller stars (those up to about three times 's mass), the new core will become a neutron star or a white dwarf. But when a larger star collapses, it continues to compress and creates a stellar black hole.

Black holes formed by the collapse of individual stars are relatively small but incredibly dense. One of these objects packs more than three times the mass of the sun into the diameter of a city. This leads to a crazy amount of gravitational force pulling on objects around the object. Stellar black holes then consume the dust and gas from their surrounding galaxies, which keeps them growing in size.

Supermassive black holes - the birth of giants

Small black holes populate the universe, but their cousins, supermassive black holes, dominate. These enormous black holes are millions or even billions of times as massive as the sun but are about the same size in diameter. Such black holes are thought to lie at the center of pretty much every galaxy, including the Milky Way.

Scientists aren't certain how such large black holes spawn. Once these giants have formed, they gather mass from the dust and gas around them, material that is plentiful in the center of galaxies, allowing them to grow to even more enormous sizes.

Supermassive black holes may be the result of hundreds or thousands of tiny black holes that merge. Large gas clouds could also be responsible, collapsing together and rapidly accreting mass. A third option is the collapse of a stellar cluster, a group of stars all falling together. Fourth, supermassive black holes could arise from large clusters of dark matter. This is a substance that we can observe through its gravitational effect on other objects; however, we don't know what dark matter is composed of because it does not emit light and cannot be directly observed.

Scientists once thought that black holes came in only small and large sizes, but research has revealed the possibility that midsize, or intermediate, black holes (IMBHs) could exist. Such bodies could form when stars in a cluster collide in a chain reaction. Several of these IMBHs forming in the same region could then eventually fall together in the center of a galaxy and create a supermassive black hole.

In 2014, astronomers found what appeared to be an intermediate-mass black hole in the arm of a spiral galaxy. And in 2021 astronomers took advantage of an ancient gamma-ray burst to detect one.

"Astronomers have been looking very hard for these medium-sized black holes," study co-author Tim Roberts, of the University of Durham in the United Kingdom, said in a statement (opens in new tab). "There have been hints that they exist, but IMBHs have been acting like a long-lost relative that isn't interested in being found."

Research, from 2018, suggested that these IMBHs may exist in the heart of dwarf galaxies (or very small galaxies). Observations of 10 such galaxies (five of which were previously unknown to science before this latest survey) revealed X-ray activity - common in black holes - suggesting the presence of black holes of from 36,000 to 316,000 solar masses. The information came from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, which examines about 1 million galaxies and can detect the kind of light often observed coming from black holes that are picking up nearby debris.

Binary black holes: double trouble

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In 2015, astronomers using the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) detected gravitational waves from merging stellar black holes.

"We have further confirmation of the existence of stellar-mass black holes that are larger than 20 solar masses - these are objects we didn't know existed before LIGO detected them," David Shoemaker, the spokesperson for the LIGO Scientific Collaboration (LSC), said in a statement (opens in new tab). LIGO's observations also provide insights into the direction a black hole spins. As two black holes spiral around one another, they can spin in the same direction or the opposite direction.

There are two theories on how binary black holes form. The first suggests that the two black holes in a binary form at about the same time, from two stars that were born together and died explosively at about the same time. The companion stars would have had the same spin orientation as one another, so the two black holes left behind would as well.

Under the second model, black holes in a stellar cluster sink to the center of the cluster and pair up. These companions would have random spin orientations compared to one another according to LIGO Scientific Collaboration. LIGO's observations of companion black holes with different spin orientations provide stronger evidence for this formation theory.

"We're starting to gather real statistics on binary black hole systems," said LIGO scientist Keita Kawabe of Caltech, who is based at the LIGO Hanford Observatory. "That's interesting because some models of black hole binary formation are somewhat favored over the others even now, and in the future, we can further narrow this down."

If you fell into a black hole, theory has long suggested that gravity would stretch you out like spaghetti, though your death would come before you reached the singularity. But a 2012 study published in the journal Nature (opens in new tab) suggested that quantum effects would cause the event horizon to act much like a wall of fire, which would instantly burn you to death.

Black holes don't suck. Suction is caused by pulling something into a vacuum, which the massive black hole definitely is not. Instead, objects fall into them just as they fall toward anything that exerts gravity, like the Earth.

The first object considered to be a black hole is Cygnus X-1. Cygnus X-1 was the subject of a 1974 friendly wager between Stephen Hawking and fellow physicist Kip Thorne, with Hawking betting that the source was not a black hole. In 1990, Hawking conceded defeat.

Miniature black holes may have formed immediately after the Big Bang. Rapidly expanding space may have squeezed some regions into tiny, dense black holes less massive than the sun.

If a star passes too close to a black hole, the star can be torn apart (opens in new tab).

Astronomers estimate that the Milky Way has anywhere from 10 million to 1 billion stellar black holes, with masses roughly three times that of the sun.

Black holes remain terrific fodder for science fiction books and movies. Check out the movie "Interstellar," which relied heavily on Thorne to incorporate science. Thorne's work with the movie's special effects team led to scientists' improved understanding of how distant stars might appear when seen near a fast-spinning black hole.

Black hole facts

Additional resources

Dive deeper into the mystery of black holes (opens in new tab) with NASA Science. Watch videos and read more about black holes (opens in new tab) from NASA's Hubblesite. Discover more about black holes (opens in new tab) with the National Science Foundation.

Bibliography

Hubblesite: Black holes: Gravity's relentless pull interactive (opens in new tab): Encyclopedia. STScI Home. Retrieved May 6, 2022.

NASA. Imagine the universe! (opens in new tab) NASA. Retrieved May 6, 2022.

Boen, B. (2013, August 29 (opens in new tab)). Supermassive black hole Sagittarius A*. NASA. Retrieved May 6, 2022.

NASA's Chandra Finds Intriguing Member of Black Hole Family Tree. (opens in new tab) Chandra X-ray Observatory. (2015, February 25). Retrieved May 6, 2022.

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Black holes: Everything you need to know

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(Image credit: solarseven via Getty Images ) Black holes are some of the strangest and most fascinating objects in space. They're extremely dense, with such strong gravitational attraction that not even light can escape their grasp. The Milky Way could contain over 100 million black holes, though detecting these gluttonous beasts is very difficult.

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https://anitalouiseart.com/is-procreate-worth-it-11-reasons-why-artists-should-use-procreate/
I learnt why Procreate was so popular among artists! At first i thought procreate was too overrated, however, having to try it out for myself, i think it deserves all the recognition. I think that the special feature that attracted me to use this more often is the colour palette feature. I am able to import a photo of your artwork into Procreate and test how different colors will look on the canvas before I actually paint the color on the canvas. This is a very unique feature I would definitely use!

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Many fine artists ask themselves if the Procreate iPad app is really worth it? Even if the Procreate app is not very expensive, other costs are still involved with purchasing an Ipad or the time you need to use the Procreate App.

To use the Procreate app, you will need to have an Apple iPad with an Apple pencil. If you already have an Apple iPad with an Apple Pencil, you can easily download the Apple Store's Procreate app. If you do not have an Apple Ipad or Apple Pencil, you will need to buy one to use this program.

1 - Powerful Tool For the Cost

2 - Easy to Learn

Like any new computer program, there will be a learning curve, but I have found Procreate to be quite easy to learn. Once you learn some of the basics of Procreate, you can start almost immediately to use the app.

3- Can Layout Your Art Before Painting On Canvas

One of the ways that I use Procreate is if I am going to paint, for example, a dog, I will import an actual photo of that dog into Procreate. Then I can use the Procreate app to erase the background or manipulate the image.

It is always so much easier to paint something if you actually sit down and plan it a bit before putting your brush onto the canvas. I find that planning it first on Procreate helps save me time in the long run as I do not need to paint over something that I don't like or I'm not happy with.

4 -Print the Procreate Layout and Trace on the Canvas

Another great way that I use the Procreate app is to lay out my oil painting in the way I want to paint; I will print the Procreate layout to my actual canvas size and use the printed layout to trace onto my canvas. I find when I am painting dogs or people, this really helps me to be able to get the proportions correct and saves me steps when laying out my painting.

Procreate really is a great way to be able to save you time in the actual painting process. It means that I do not make so many mistakes on the first coat of paint.

5- Can Help You During Your Painting Process

Sometimes when I am painting something, I might get stuck in that I am not sure what I need to paint next. I will take a photograph of my painting and then put it on Procreate and start playing around with different brushes, colors, and looks.

6- Can Set Up Color Palettes

Procreate will allow you to set color palettes. Before I mix the color or f I want to see how a new color will look, I can add the color first onto my color palette in Procreate.

Procreate allows you to very easily set up new color palettes. You can then import a photo of your artwork into Procreate and test how different colors will look on the canvas before you actually paint the color on the canvas.

7 - Can Test Background Colors Before Painting

I will photograph the painting as far as it is completed, then I will use the Procreate app to test different types of background colors. This is a great example of how Procreate can help me save time and steps with my painting because it allows me to make decisions about my painting first on paper before I put a brush onto the canvas.

8- Can Test Brushes Before Painting

The Procreate app comes with a variety of different types of brushes. This means you can also test out other types of brush strokes or brushes on the Procreate app before putting them onto the canvas.

If you don't like all the brushes which Procreate offers then you can also purchase other brushes that people have made for the Procreate app. Personally, I have found that the brushes that the app comes with are enough for me to use for what I need the Procreate app for. This is because with every single brush in Procreate you can change the size and opacity.

9 - Can Use As An Art Journal

You can use Procreate as your portable art journal. Use Procreate like you would use a pencil and paper and sketch out your ideas on the Procreate app.

One of the great things about this is that it's very portable and that you can carry it almost anywhere with you. You can also organize all of the sketches into files so that you can easily find them.

10 - Can Use To Produce Digital Art

There is a lot of fabulous art that is now being produced on the Procreate app. So, you can not only use Procreate to help you with your own artwork, but you can also use it to produce digital art.

11- The Old Masters Would Have Loved It

When I use Procreate to layout one of my paintings, I think about how many of the old art masters would have loved this app. I believe many of them would have seen this as a way to save them time and as a way for them to improve their art.

This is how I see Procreate; I see it as a tool to help me actively improve my art. Procreate is a tool that not only saves me time but helps me become a better artist.

This is why Procreate is worth learning, even if it takes some money, time, and effort. If you would like to find out more about Procreate check out our YouTube channel - Anita Louise Art - l that has some videos about how we use Procreate with our art. You can find out YouTube channel by clicking here.

How Can The Procreate App Help You Become a Better Oil Painter?

Procreate can help you set up palettes with color combinations and layout your painting before you paint it. I find it an essential tool to help me with my oil painting. Procreate can do a lot of things that can be done in Abode Photoshop. But Adobe Photoshop can take a lot of time to really master, and it is also quite expensive. The advantage of Procreate is that it is very user-friendly and ONLY USD 9.99 without any monthly or annual fees.

You can read more by reading How Can The Procreate App Help You Become a Better Oil Painter? by clicking here.

How Can I Use Procreate to Layout My Oil Paintings?

Procreate is a really great computer app to use to help you plan and layout your oil paintings before you put them on your canvas. Procreate will help to save you time because when you will not need to paint over your artistic mistakes. You can also use Procreate as an online sketchbook or art journal.

You can learn more by reading Procreate to Layout Y our Oil Paintings, What You Need to Know by clicking here.

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Is Procreate Worth It? 11 Reasons Why Artists Should Use Procreate | Anita Louise Art

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Many fine artists ask themselves if the Procreate iPad app is really worth it? Even if the Procreate app is not very expensive, other costs are still involved with purchasing an Ipad or the time you need to use the Procreate App.

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Now that I have understood clearly what astronomy entails, and what astronomers do, I started to research on the topics that astronomers study, such as planets, nebulas, stars and galaxies.
Planets
-a celestial body that is in orbit around the Sun
-a celestial body thats
mass for its self-gravity to over come rigid body forces so that it assumes a hydrostatic equillibrium shape (a state of a fluid when the pull of gravity is balanced by that of another force going in the opposite direction) (in this case a nearly round shape)
-a celestial body that has cleared the neighbourhood around its orbit
-simply put, large natural objects that orbit or travel around stars (e.g. jupiter, mars, venus, earth)
Stars
-huge celestial bodies made mostly of hydrogren and helium that produce light and heat from the radiation derived from its internal energy sources
-stars 'power' themselves through nuclear fusion (two or more atomic nuclei combined to form one or more different atomic nuclei and subatomic particles, giving off a large amount of energy at the same time)
-nuclear fusion is being researched on at the moment, for now we humans use nuclear fission, the opposite of nuclear fusion, where the nucleus of an atom splits into two or more smaller nuclei, releasing a large amount of energy.
-However, unsustainable, as produces nuclear waste.
-examples of stars: the sun, Alpha Centauri
Source: https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.britannica.com/science/star-astronomy&ved=2ahUKEwjC_q2CvOz5AhU1jOYKHSToC0IQFnoECAQQAQ&usg=AOvVaw0m7an43kw-XTsa9D_TGwcX

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I used this video: https://youtu.be/s9imqdlGPQc

This was not that hard since i draw female characters quite often. Through this, i have learnt how to draw the muscle of the calves and arms.

I literally just noticed that the other arm is shorter, please ignore that

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https://youtu.be/Rc0QVehicx4
This is a video i watched about all the cool features procreate provides! I was surprised at the number of things mentioned in the video and I'm very excited to try them out.

I tried exploring how to use procreate but i had some difficulties because i didn't know what was what.

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i want to learn how to use a new digital art app (aka Procreate) I know that procreate offers many features that ibis paint an app i use does not have.

First session: I explored how to use procreate and watched some videos of the special features it provides

2nd session: I found out the reason why Procreate was so popular

3rd session: I tested out some brushes and picked my favourite ones to make a draft of a character i wanted to draw

4th session: I coloured and added details to the draft and completed it :D (The eyes were not my usual style, i just felt like drawing a completely new style of eyes at that moment)

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Links:
https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.prospects.ac.uk/job-profiles/astronomer&ved=2ahUKEwi90qG0tez5AhVaELcAHSDhBOYQFnoECDEQBQ&usg=AOvVaw3QMOgpyYvzsB04MCrTdN_n
https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.space.com/16014-astronomy.html&ved=2ahUKEwj_6vKQtuz5AhXLArcAHbT3DYgQFnoECAEQBQ&usg=AOvVaw0fb57N3-v1VaaEkgD9wv0o

Today, I dived deeper into the concept of astronomy. I found out there are two types of astronomy, observational astronomy and theoretical astronomy, the former focuses on acquiring data by observing astronomical objects such as planets or stars, and analysing these data by basic physics principles. The latter, however, is oriented towards the development of computers or analytical models that can aid us in describing astronomical objects and phenomena. I then found out what each type entailed.

Observational Astronomy
- Astronomers in this field often employ the help of instruments such as cameras or telescopes, to look at stars, galaxies, and other astronomical objects.
Theoretical Astronomy
- Astronomers in this field use math and computer models to explain their observations and predictions.
- More often than not, data from observational astronomy is used in theoretical astronomy to analyze, theorize and model about how objects and phenomena work

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I used a video for this (https://youtu.be/d_aINAUd4fM)

I basically copied this whole thing from the video, and it still looks kinda weird.

I did learn about how certain muscles were placed in the body through the copying, so i guess it was useful.

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Even though the end result didn't turn out the best, I still enjoyed the process of pouring the resin. I think it is something new that was fun to try, and I'd do it again one day (once I figure out how to stop the resin from leaking through).

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I realized that for some reason the accessory part didn't come with a base so I put it on a piece of plastic to pour the resin. Afterwards when it dried, some of the resin leaked out through the bottom and the accessory became only half filled.

I also added some other resin accessories like the tiny stars, but that also leaked through with the resin.

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Used the same video as the one above (https://youtu.be/wSMhDiWmjy8)

It was pretty okay i guess. I dont think i can draw these without a reference photo tho, i would probably need more practice for that. I also dont think i can draw feet from different perspectives because feets are shaped very weird.

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I want to try making resin

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record of learning: session 4 (16/8/22) 

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record of learning: session 4 (16/8/22) 

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For my final session today, I wanted to use the recipe I found last session to make the donut holes. I never knew donut holes were really easy to make, and nothing was difficult. However, something I didn't know at first was that my oil was too hot, hence my first few attempts were burnt because of the hot oil. However, after lowering the temperature of the oil, it was much easier to work with.

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Today, I decided to step up my game and try recipes that are out of my comfort zone. I decided to research two desserts that I like, that being donut holes and lemon meringue tarts. However, upon further research, I realised that making lemon meringue tarts may not be the best option, as there are quite a few ingredients that are not easy to find in normal supermarkets. Hence, I decided that I'll stick to making the donut holes the next session.

Resources:
Lemon Meringue Tarts --- https://whatshouldimakefor.com/lemon-meringue-tart/https://whatshouldimakefor.com/lemon-meringue-tart/

Donut Holes --- https://www.thechunkychef.com/easy-homemade-donut-holes/

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Calling all lemon meringue tart lovers! A buttery shortbread crust, super smooth lemon curd filling and golden swirls of meringue come together in this sweet and tart lemon dream.

If you're a lemon lover like me, stop everything right now and make this lemon meringue tart! For this recipe we're swapping a traditional pie crust in favor of a tender buttery shortbread crust.

The crust comes together simply, melted butter and ground shortbread cookies. The mixture is pressed into tart pan and baked. The crust should go up the sides of the pan and you can use a tamp or a simple a juice glass to press it down and against the sides of the pan.

While the tart shell bakes and cools, make the lemon curd for the lemon meringue tart. Lemon curd is a silky, uber-lemony filling made from lemon juice and zest, eggs, sugar, corn starch, and cold butter.

Tricks to Perfect Lemon Curd

Cook the curd over medium heat (don't let it boil) whisking CONSTANTLY.

While many lemon curd recipes don't call for corn starch, I recommend it for this tart as it helps it to set.

If your curd isn't thickening after 10 mins, keep going! It should be nappe (meaning it should coat the back of a spoon and hold its shape when you drag your finger across it).

Be sure to use very cold butter to finish the curd. Whisk in one piece at a time, being sure each piece has dissolved before adding the next.

Because this recipe calls for lemon zest, be sure to strain the finished curd through a fine mesh sieve before spreading in the tart shell. Straining will ensure a smooth finished product and will eliminate flecks of zest or little pieces of curdled, cooked egg.

Once the curd is set and smoothed into the baked shell, it's time for the meringue. I recommend using room temperature whites (save the whites from the separated eggs used for the filling) and whip them on high speed until you have soft peaks.

Gradually add the sugar and continue whipping until you have very STIFF peaks. No flopping here, you want the peaks to hold their shape. You can simply smooth the meringue over the top or fill a piping bag and pipe decorative swirls or stars to cover the top.

Then pop the pie into the oven and allow the meringue to brown, about 12 mins. Cool the pie on the counter until ready to serve or store in the refrigerator. The meringue may weep slightly if refrigerated, but it will still be delicious.

Making ahead?

You can make this crust and curd the day before and store the tart in the refrigerator if desired. Simply make the meringue and bake before serving.

Update Notes: This post was originally published in June 2017 but was republished with tips January 2021.

My Lemon Meringue Tart Inspiration

Sometimes you hear a song or smell a smell or take bite of something and you're instantly transported to another time or place. To a memory so vivid and sharp that you're actually living in it again for a spilt second.

One bite of lemon meringue pie and I am ten years old, sitting on our back porch on a warm summer evening digging into a tart lemon pie piled high with swirls of fluffy meringue.

We've got a house full of family, Frank Sinatra crooning in the background and pot after pot of coffee perking on the stove. I had been dreaming of dessert all day after watching my mom roll out the dough, stir the warm lemon filling and whip the egg whites. I knew she was making my dad's favorite, lemon meringue pie.

Finally when the dinner dishes were cleared and stacked and coffee cups filled, it was dessert time. Sandwiched between plates of iced Italian cookies on the table stood the pie, just waiting to be sliced. When I got my slice I made sure that my first bite had a little bit of everything; buttery crust, lemon filling and sweet meringue. It was worth the wait.

But that memory isn't just about the taste of the pie, I also remember feeling so happy and excited on those summer nights when family gathered. The smell of the air, the whirr of the blender if the grown-ups were on a frozen cocktail kick, the sound of laughter.

My dad was as happy as you'd ever see him, laughing easily at my uncle's jokes with that glint in his green eyes reserved for nights like this.

My dad was always at his best when surrounded by his family. He was a man of fierce tradition and loyalty, but had a much softer center than his tough exterior let on. I see a lot of my dad in myself as I grow older...a stubborn streak, the desire to perfect a craft, the expression of love through food and hosting.

We also share the way we experience our favorite foods, especially sweets. We get almost giddy before the first bite of a hot fudge sundae or have the eagerness of a child when freshly baked cookies are pulled from the oven.

I know my dad was just as excited as I was to take that first bite of lemon meringue pie all those years ago. In fact, every time I make a lemon dessert I think of my dad. In fact, I made this tart for the last Father's Day I shared with my dad before he passed.

This lemon meringue tart is an updated version of the classic pie from my youth. I've swapped a traditional pie crust for a buttery shortbread crust and added a silky lemon curd filling topped with peaks of meringue, golden brown from the oven.

Making this lemon tart for Father's Day said more than a sappy greeting card ever could. It was baked full of memories, love, and respect. I hope that his first bite transported him to that same place it brought me...warm nights filled with family and easy laughter.

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Calling all lemon meringue tart lovers! A buttery shortbread crust, super smooth lemon curd filling and golden swirls of meringue come together in this sweet and tart lemon dream. If you're a lemon lover like me, stop everything right now and make this lemon meringue tart!

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I found a video to learn how to draw hands and feet. I think i kind of got how to draw hands and feet, but im not sure if i can draw them without reference images.

Video link: https://youtu.be/wSMhDiWmjy8

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Today, I decided to use the chocolate chip cookie recipe, as cakes seem quite simple to me, and I would love to learn how to make cookies. The overall process of making the cookies was smooth and there were no slip-ups. However, something I can improve on is perhaps to bake it at a higher temperature, because the cookies came out and were quite soft. Hence, the cookies may have been under baked. Thus, baking it at a higher temperature would definitely make them less soft.

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For today's session, I decided to research about 2 simple recipes for beginner bakers. The first recipe was for chocolate chip cookies, a basic food to start with. And the other recipe is for vanilla cupcakes. I chose these two recipes, as they are easy recipes to follow for an amateur and beginner like me. Furthermore, there are no techniques that are difficult for me to execute. Overall, today's research was quite easy yet insightful.

Resources:
Cupcake Recipe: https://www.bbcgoodfood.com/recipes/cupcakes

Chocolate chip cookie Recipe:
https://www.ihearteating.com/easiest-chocolate-chip-cookie-recipe/

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Make delicious cupcakes with this easy recipe, perfect for everyday baking and occasions. Find more cake and baking recipes at BBC Good Food.

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https://www.amnh.org/explore/ology/astronomy/what-is-astronomy
I got myself introduced to astronomy through websites, where I learnt what astronomy is and what it entails. I also learnt some of the big ideas of astronomy.

Some key ideas and notable information I recorded down:
-Astronomy is the study of everything in the universe outside of Earth's atmosphere, such as stars, planets and galaxies.
-Astrology and astronomy are different.
-Gravity holds the universe together.
-Special tools such as gamma-ray telescopes and microwave telescopes are required to view invisible electromagnetic radiation.
-Our eyes can only see a tiny portion of the whole spectrum of electro magnetic radiation, this portion of visible light, consists of different wave lengths of light that we perceive as different colours.

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Huge distances, gigantic sizes, and long periods of time—astronomy is a BIG subject. We’ve brought learning about it down to size with this look at the big ideas you need to know.

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Check out this Video Presentation designed by Tang Yong Ern.

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I wanna learn more about astronomy as I have been fascinated by space and the stars since young, and I think it would serve useful as extra knowledge outside of the syllabus.

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i think that this was really an enjoyable experience as i was able to do something that i loved and something that can help me relief stress and unleash my creativity while not using my electronic devices.

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enhypen cause i luv them

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lyrics from a song that i like ( i sometimes do quotes too)

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I wanted to work on my handlettering as i am very interested in it and it also helps me to take a break from studying and also makes it nice for letters or cards for other people. I started but getting inspiration from Instagram and pintrest and tried to add my own style into it.

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Today I made egg tarts and it turned out great, everything went great and it tasted good as well.

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Today I made the Cheng Teng and it was quite hard managing the fire and the whole process was difficult but it turned out alright although not the best but still decent.

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I made ice cream today and I have made some adjustments to the recipe as I do not have an ice cream machine so I whipped all the ingredients into a nice fluffy mixture then I put it into the freezer and it worked just fine. I learn the different techniques today and learnt the value of resilience

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Today I researched the recipes for the desserts I am going to make, I learnt the different techniques needed to make them today.

Cheng teng recipe: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1BedsAA-SJ8

Egg tarts recipe: https://tasty.co/recipe/hong-kong-style-egg-tarts

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Homemade Ice Cream is the quintessential summer treat, isn't it?

This homemade ice cream recipe can also be called the easiest (and best!) ice cream you will ever make or taste. I've been making this ice cream at least once a month for over 5 years now.

Can anyone ever turn down a scoop of rich and creamy vanilla ice cream? This ice cream recipe is the easiest once I make and it's adaptable for whichever add-ins you're craving.

I try to keep a stash of crumbled cookies, brownies, and other treats in the freezer so that I can toss in a few handfuls whenever I'm making a fresh batch of ice cream.
Don't miss our Ice Cream Maker Review for all the information you need to find the BEST Ice Cream Maker for your needs! Spoiler alert - our top-rated machine under $50 just might surprise you. It sure surprised me!
HOMEMADE ICE CREAM

While ice cream is a staple in our freezer year round, the add-in potentials for this particular ice cream are endless. I've filled this ice cream with chunks of brownies, bits of cookie dough, pieces of oatmeal cookies, and swirls of salted caramel sauce.

I've also topped this ice cream with warm chocolate sauce, and my favorite of all this simple berry sauce. There has yet to be a combination that we didn't love.

I probably don't even need to mention it, but this Homemade Vanilla Ice Cream is a pretty much dream come true for topping Southern Peach Cobbler, Grandma's Cherry Flop, an Old Fashioned Apple Crisp, or this Strawberry Rhubarb Crunch.

How To Make Homemade Ice Cream

With just five simple ingredients, you can have this smooth and creamy vanilla ice cream at your fingertips as well.

When I first started making homemade ice cream, I initially followed the recommended recipes and tried several custard-style ice creams. Traditionally, many ice creams begin with an egg custard.

While a custard base does make for an amazing ice cream, don't get me wrong, custard ice cream is rich as can be and I quickly found that it just isn't my thing.

Besides, I'll be honest, I like to make things simpler and not more complicated in the kitchen wherever possible.

When I discovered Philadelphia-style ice cream, it was a complete game changer. Philadelphia style ice cream is simply ice cream made with no eggs.

I've played with the basic ratios and the method over the past few years and I'm telling you now that this recipe is hands down, the BEST simple vanilla ice cream I have ever made.
The most popular question I get is whether it's possible to make ice cream without a machine. The answer is YES. You can make ice cream without a machine. Find the full directions here!
Homemade Vanilla Ice Cream

This ice cream is dead simple. Stir everything together in a saucepan, simmer, Stir, Chill and Freeze; less than 10 minutes of actual prep time.

If I put the mixture together in the morning, refrigerate it, and then churn it in the afternoon, we are easily having this for dessert the same evening.

However, if you are in a rush, you can simply stir everything together cold and pour it into the machine. I can't deny that simmering it just long enough to dissolve the sugar and then cooling it again does makes it even better.

Truthfully though, I'm impatient about half the time, so I skip the simmer step frequently. This is fantastic ice cream however you make it.

This ice cream works beautifully in every ice cream maker I've tried. Hand crank, electric crank, freezer bowl, and ice cream compressor. Homemade Ice Cream turns out great in each one!

(And yes, I may have a wee bit of a thing for ice cream, because I have each of those machines and love them all!)

Ice Cream Recipes

Once you have an ice cream maker in your kitchen, get ready for all the ice cream recipes you can handle.

These recipes for Rocky Road Ice Cream, Cinnamon Ice Cream, Blueberries and Cream Ice Cream, and Cafe con Leche Ice Cream all need to be on your list to try. Fresh Mint Ice Cream is like no other mint ice cream you've tried in the past.

Sweet chunks of edible cookie dough fill each scoop of this rich and creamy Chocolate Chip Cookie Dough Ice Cream.

Raspberry Ripple Ice Cream by The View from Great Island and Peanut Butter Ice Cream by Pint Sized Baker both look delicious as well.

Homemade Ice Cream Recipe

1. Pour 1 cup of the cream into a saucepan and add the sugar, salt. Scrape the seeds of the vanilla bean into the pot and then add the vanilla pod to the pot.

2. Warm the mixture over medium heat, just until the sugar dissolves. Remove from the heat and add the remaining cream, milk, and vanilla. Stir to combine and chill in the refrigerator.

3. When ready to churn, remove the vanilla pod, whisk mixture again and pour into ice cream maker. Churn according to the manufacturer's instructions.

4. Transfer the finished ice cream to an airtight container and place in the freezer until ready to serve.

Get New Recipes sent to your inbox!
{originally published 5/22/18 - recipe notes and photos updated 7/1/21}

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The Best (and Easiest) Ice Cream You'll Ever Make

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This homemade ice cream recipe can also be called the easiest (and best!) ice cream you will ever make or taste! Everyone LOVES it!

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I want to learn how make desserts so that I do not have to buy them from outside.

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I want to learn how make desserts so that I do not have to buy them from outside.

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reord of learning: SIL                                       session 2: (19 july 2022)

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reord of learning: SIL                                       session 2: (19 july 2022)

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i found the materials and pattern to use for crocheting.

1)https://www.onceuponacheerio.com/2018/05/hoodie-bunny-crochet-pattern.html

materials:
-worsted weight yarn in 2 colours (white for the bunny and blue for the jacket)
-4.0mm crochet hook
-safety eyes
-polyester stuffing
-yarn needle
-scissors

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I grew up in the era when hoodies were cool. Hoodies are pretty much my go-to items when I just want something to lounge around in.

Back in high school, I pretty much lived in my hoodies because I hated putting outfits together and fussing about what to wear.

I'm just going to confess now that I am no fashionista and that I have no sense of style.

I have an affinity for bunnies. In fact, I used to have a pet bunny! She was so soft and cuddly. Did I mention that BB also loves bunnies and has a bunny security blanket that she carries around with her everywhere?

I loved creating something that defined me, so that's when I came up with this amigurumi bunny wearing a hoodie.

I am very proud of this creation. And just so you know, you can take the hood off (like a real hoodie)!

This crochet pattern is available for FREE on this website. If you'd like an ad-free, printable PDF version, you can purchase it for a small fee from my Ravelry shop.

What You Need / Materials

Most of these items can be purchased through our affiliate links. Purchasing items through these links will not cost you any extra money. Please see our disclosure policy for more details.

Stitches & Abbreviations

ch - chain

sc - single crochet

st/sts - stitch/stitches

sc inc - single crochet increase, 2 single crochets in one stitch

sc dec - single crochet decrease, single crochet 2 stitches together

Amigurumi Hoodie Bunny Crochet Pattern

Head
Using a 4.0 mm crochet hook and Colour A yarn...
Round 1: Magic Ring with a base of 6 sc (6 sts)

Round 2: Sc inc in each st around (12 sts)

Round 3: [Sc, sc inc] x 6 times (18 sts)

Round 4: [2 sc, sc inc] x 6 times (24 sts)

Round 5: [3 sc, sc inc] x 6 times (30 sts)

Round 6: [4 sc, sc inc] x 6 times (36 sts)

Round 7: [5 sc, sc inc] x 6 times (42 sts)

Round 8-14: Sc in each st around (42 sts)
Insert the safety eyes between rows 11 and 12
Round 15: [5 sc, sc dec] x 6 times (36 sts)

Round 16: [4 sc, sc dec] x 6 times (30 sts)

Round 17: [3 sc, sc dec] x 6 times (24 sts)
Stuff firmly as you continue to decrease.
Round 18: [2 sc, sc dec] x 6 times (18 sts)

Round 19: [Sc, sc dec] x 6 times (12 sts)
Fasten off and leave a tail to sew onto the hood.
Ears (x 2)

Round 1: Magic Ring with a base of 5 sc (5 sts)

Round 2: Sc inc in each st around (10 sts)

Round 3: [Sc, sc inc] x 5 times (15 sts)

Round 4-5: Sc in each st around (15 sts)

Round 6: [3 sc, sc dec] x 3 times (12 sts)

Round 7: Sc in each st around (12 sts)

Round 8: [2 sc, sc dec] x 3 times (9 sts)

Round 9: Sc in each st around (9 sts)

Round 10: [Sc, sc dec] x 3 times (6 sts)
Fasten off and leave a tail to sew onto the head.
Hood

Round 1: Magic Ring with a base of 6 sc (6 sts)

Round 2: Sc inc in each st around (12 sts)

Round 3: [Sc, sc inc] x 6 times (18 sts)

Round 4: [2 sc, sc inc] x 6 times (24 sts)

Round 5: [3 sc, sc inc] x 6 times (30 sts)

Round 6: [4 sc, sc inc] x 6 times (36 sts)

Round 7: [5 sc, sc inc] x 6 times (42 sts)

Round 8: [6 sc, sc inc] x 6 times (48 sts)

Round 9-12: Sc in each st around (48 sts)

Round 13: Sc in the next 16 sts, chain 7, skip 7 sts and then sc in the next 2 sts, chain 7, skip 7 sts and then sc in the next 16 sts (48 sts)

Round 14-16: Sc in each st around (48 sts)
Feel free to do an extra round or two of sc if you want the hood to extend a little towards the face.
At this point, you might want to attach the ears to the head and try measuring to see if the hood fits the bunny. Depending on the thickness of your yarn and the tension, you might have to increase or decrease a row between rows 9-12.

Body

Round 1: Magic Ring with a base of 7 sc (7 sts)

Round 2: Sc inc in each st around (14 sts)

Round 3: [Sc, sc inc] x 7 times (21 sts)

Round 4: [2 sc, sc inc] x 7 times (28 sts)

Round 5: Sc in each st around (28 sts)

Round 6: Slst in each st around (28 sts)

Round 7: Sc in the back loop only of each st around (28 sts)

Round 8-10: Sc in each st around (28 sts)

Round 11: [2 sc, sc dec] x 7 times (21 sts)

Round 12: [Sc, sc dec] x 7 times (14 sts)
Fasten off and leave a tail to sew onto the hood.
Arms (Make 2)

Round 1: Magic Ring with a base of 6 sc (6 sts)

Round 2: [Sc, sc inc] x 3 times (9 sts)

Round 3: Sc in each st around (9 sts)

Round 4: Slst in each st around (9 sts)

Round 5: Sc in the back loop only of each st around (9 sts)

Round 6: [Sc, sc dec] x 3 times (6 sts)

Round 7-8: Sc in each st around (6 sts)
Fasten off and leave a tail to sew onto the body.
Legs (Make 2)
Using a 4.0 mm crochet hook and Colour A yarn...
Round 1: Magic Ring with a base of 6 sc (6sts)

Round 2: Sc inc in each st around (12 sts)

Round 3: [Sc, sc inc] x 6 times (18 sts)

Round 4-6: Sc in each st around (18 sts)

Round 7: [Sc, sc dec] x 6 times (12 sts)
Stuff firmly as you continue to decrease.
Round 8: Sc dec in each st around (6 sts)

Round 9: Sc in each st around (6 sts)
Fasten off, leaving a tail to sew onto the body.
Tail
Using a 4.0 mm crochet hook and Colour A yarn...
Round 1: Magic Ring with a base of 6 sc (6 sts)

Round 2: Sc inc in each st around (12 sts)

Round 3: Sc in each st around (12 sts)

Round 4: Sc dec in each st around (6 sts)
Fasten off and leave a tail to sew to the body.
After that, you basically have all your pieces ready to go.

FYI, this photo is missing the tailpiece

Assembly

On the hood, you have two slits, these are for your bunny's ears. To line them up correctly, the ears should sit right on top of the head. I attached it right after the first round (photo 2)

Then, position your bunny's head by placing it inside the hood with the ears through the slits. Make sure that your bunny's eyes are facing outside.

Using the long strand that you left on the head, sew bottom of the head to the bottom of the hood (photo 7).

On the bottom of the hood where you sewed the head, you'll see yarn in Colour A but don't worry as this will be hidden once the body is attached.

Next, attach your tail to the body, as well as the arms and legs. And then attach the head along with the hood to the body.

If the head and body are attached properly, you should no longer be able to see Colour A yarn on the bottom of the hood. After that, you sew on the details of the bunny's face and then you're done!

Did you make your own Hoodie Amigurumi Bunny? I'd love to see it! Please share it with me on Instagram and/or use the #onceuponacheerio hashtag.
This is an original crochet pattern written by Juli Anne of Once Upon a Cheerio. Please do not claim this crochet pattern as your own. If you wish to share this crochet pattern, you may link to this blog post but please do not reprint it on your site. You may keep a copy for your own personal use but please DO NOT sell or distribute the crochet pattern. You may sell products made from this crochet pattern, but please clearly credit the design to me, Juli Anne of Once Upon a Cheerio and provide a link to my blog www.OnceUponaCheerio.com. Permission is NOT granted for mass production or factory manufacturing of any kind. Thank you for understanding!

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I grew up in the era when hoodies were cool. Hoodies are pretty much my go-to items when I just want something to lounge around in. Back in high school, I pretty much lived in my hoodies because I hated putting outfits together and fussing about what to wear.

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record of learning: SIL                                    session 1 (5 july 2022)

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record of learning: SIL                                    session 1 (5 july 2022)

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i did a research on the way to improve my crochet skills.
1)https://www.crochet.com/learning-center/crochet-tips-for-beginners

from my reasearch, i had learnt that we should keep our yarn loose and relaxed, and most importantly, keep practicing

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It's totally natural to feel tense when you are learning something new. The more complicated the stitch you learn, the tighter you will tend to hold your hook. Fight that urge, take a deep breath, and keep your stitches relaxed and loose. The looser the stitches, the more easily you'll be able to insert your hook, and the easier the process will be!

Read the pattern you want to make beforehand. If you see it lists a stitch you haven't tried before ( single crochet, double crochet, shell stitches), grab your hook and yarn and practice a few of these before you start your project. By the time you reach that stitch in the pattern, you'll feel totally comfortable executing the stitch with ease.
Pro tip: Most patterns recommend making a "gauge swatch", which is usually a square swatch about 4" x 4". Practice your new stitches while you are making the gauge swatch to perfect your technique, and also to make sure you are making the project to the correct size. (See #5 for more about gauge!)
If you're just getting started, it might be worth investing in a few different hooks to try. If you're struggling to catch the loop on your hook, you might need a hook with a deeper bowl or mouth. If inserting your hook into the stitch isn't going well for you, you might need a hook with a pointier head. A different hook might make all the difference.

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Learning a new skill is always a challenge. If you've decided it's time to learn to crochet, you've come to the right place.

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i want to

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i want to learn how to speak basic japanese so that i dont have to rely entirely on subtitles when i watch anime

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i learnt how to be more patient

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tdy i found a design that i want to fold
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q0tLjyoC_7c

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Origami Halloween Ghost (Anibal Voyer) Oригами おりがみ Oριγκάμι 折纸 摺紙 พับ 종이접기 Paper Crafts

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tdy i researched on the different techniques used in origami
https://origami.me/beginners-guide/

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Origami is actually a very easy hobby to pick up, and it's a lot of fun. All you need is paper, and you can use pretty much any paper you can find. This guide will show you the main folds, the basic bases that are used as the foundation for a huge number of different models, and then you'll learn how to fold your first model, the traditional paper crane.

Start With the Basics: The Mountain and Valley Folds

These are the two basic folds in origami for beginners. Pretty much every fold is either a mountain fold, a valley fold, or a combination of the two.

With a Mountain Fold, the crease bends the paper down, and the crease resembles a mountain.

With a Valley Fold, the crease bends the paper up, and the crease resembles a valley.

Common Origami Folds

Here are the most common folds with step-by-step instructions on how to make them. These folds might not look exactly the same as they do in these examples all the time when you're folding other models. However, these examples should show you how they work so you can figure out what you're supposed to do when you're following diagrams.

Origami Bases

There are several bases in origami that are used to start many different models. For example, the bird base is the start of many paper birds. Often, you'll see instructions telling you to start with a particular base just to save some time or space in the instructions. There aren't too many bases, and you'll see the same ones repeated many times in different models.

Folding Your First Model, the Traditional Origami Crane

Once you've got the hang of all the above folds and bases, you're more than ready to fold the traditional paper crane. The crane will start off with a bird base, and after that, most of the work is already done. This is probably the most famous model in origami and is the first thing I learned how to fold.

According to legend, if you fold a thousand of these, you get a ton of good luck, or you're granted a wish.

Discover the Paper Crane Instructions ✨

Looking for Even More Origami Instructions?

We have an absolutely massive database of easy origami diagrams. If you've successfully understood all the techniques on this page, you should have no trouble folding anything that's either Beginner or Easy level difficulty.

If you prefer video instructions, we have a giant database of those, too. Video instructions can be especially helpful as you can see exactly how the paper moves between each step.

Instructions for the best origami models can only be found in books. If you're still looking for more awesome things to fold, check out our list of best origami books. We've written reviews and made lists of the models you'll find in each one. No matter what you're looking for, you'll definitely find some cool things to fold.

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Everything you need to get started with origami! Step by step instructions for all the basic folds, bases and for your first origami model the crane.

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today i researched on the traditional types of origami

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i want to learn how to do origami

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Improve on drawing humans. I want to be able to draw a human (like full body) without a reference image, and get it to look decent.

First session: how to draw hands/feet
Second session: how to draw male body
Third session: how to draw female body
Forth session: How to draw poses

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The SIL project was fun as I get to experience how to write chinese calligraphy. The process was hard because there were times when I could not control my wrist and the brush, which resulted in my ugly words. Through these 4 sessions, I learnt to have more control over my brush and also patience to learn new things.

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Record of learning: SIL session 4 (16 Aug) 

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Record of learning: SIL session 4 (16 Aug) 

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I practiced writing other words, for example, 南侨中学.

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Record of learning: SIL Session 3 (2 Aug)

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Record of learning: SIL Session 3 (2 Aug)

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In this session, I learnt some basic strokes and practiced writing one to ten

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Record of learning: SIL Session 2 (19 July) 

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Record of learning: SIL Session 2 (19 July) 

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In this session, I went online to search for videos to hold a chinese calligraphy brush properly.

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执笔姿势How to hold a brush【书法教程 Chinese Calligraphy Tutorial】

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Record of learning: SIL Session 1 (5 July) 

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Record of learning: SIL Session 1 (5 July) 

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I did some research on the tools needed for beginners learning to write Chinese calligraphy.

The tools needed for a beginner to learn to write Chinese calligraphy is:
- a calligraphy brush
- writing practice mat
- basic inkstone

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I want to learn Chinese calligraphy as it looks cool

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This is a copy from a google docs I used :)

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This is a copy from a google docs I used :)

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I'm using the video attached above to learn the basics of python :)

BCD Day 1: March 29

Today, I did some science about interactions within ecosystems, then I am ready to learn some python :)

I already had python installed from last time so I skipped until the variables & data types. But before that I need to refresh myself on what strings are since I forgot them. I spent around 20 minute on this. I learnt how to arrange strings when printing them and how variables work. I'm getting a little bored though...

BCD Day 2: April 12

9-ish to 10-ish

I decided to do some python first before I start my BCD things because why not? Today I learnt about:

1. How does numbers work + when and how to use them

2. Inputs and variables (again)

3. Lists and list function

Also I made some things in python like:

1. A Mad Libs game (which is quite easy with variables and inputs)

2. A simple calculators (which also uses variables and inputs)

Spent a little over an hour doing this. I am so hungry (even though I ate breakfast like a little over 2 hours ago... Imma be back :)

2-ish to 3-ish

Okay I'm back for round 2 :)

So for like the past hour, I learnt about:

1. Tuples (Took quite some time to differentiate between it and a list)

2.Functions (quite easy to understand)

3. Return statements (almost had a heart attack trying to understand)

4. If statements (Pretty easy to understand) + comparison (confusing but i got it :) )

OK, that is like 2+ of python for today so bye :)

BCD Day 3: 26 April

Before I started this, I realised I forgot about what I just learnt (like the contents, not what they are called :P), so I took like half an hour to refresh my mind.

So today I learn some thingz:

-How to build a somewhat realistic calculator (where the calc have multiple operations + I can add decimals too instead of just integers :) )

-Dictionaries ( I think that kinda useless imo, but who knows ¯\_(ツ)_/¯ )

-While loop (Pretty easy to understand, though it took a while to differentiate from a for loop)

-A guessing game :) (It took a while to work since I keep missing stuff out by accident)

-For loop (Also pretty easy to understand, but it took a while to differentiate from a while loop)

-Exponent function (** looks like I am censoring something omg)

-2D list and nested loop (essentially a loop in a loop)

Today I spent almost 1.5 hours on python with no breaks (lost track of time oops) so I will continue this soon.

BCD Day 4: 10 May

I know that I am never gonna finish this course if I do it fortnightly, so I took some time off the day before yesterday and covered some things:

-Building a translator (I should get paid to do this)

-Comments (no comments, ba dum tsss - ok this is terrible -_-)

-Try/Except (I will try to do this, except that I am hungry for food)

(Skipped "reading files" and "writing to files", will come back to it when I need it)

--Modules and pips (Lifesaver :))

That's all that I covered on 8 May.

Now for today, I have done:

-Classes and objects (I will have to revisit this soon 'cause I am having a very hard time understanding this)

-Building a Multiple choice quiz (I should be a teacher :) - but with commitment issues .o.)

- Object functions (Revisit it along with :classes and objects" because I also don't understand this)

- Inheritance (Pretty easy to understand since it is mostly about common sense.)

I spent around an hour doing this since I kep repeating the classes and objects part of the video. (And yet I still don't understand it *facepalm*)

OVERALL REFLECTION

I feel that it was somewhat fun to learn about the basics about python, and about how they work. It is indeed a mind-boggling journey since I encountered many challenges such as minor slip-ups and frustration when I encountered a problem with my program. And because this is only a crash course on the basics of python, I look forward to taking some time off to start learning more about python (maybe an intermediate course?). Also I really need to revisit the part about "classes and objects" and "object function" because I have no clue about what they are 0.0 . I will definitely do some research on it :)

THE END

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Learn Python - Full Course for Beginners [Tutorial]

If playback doesn't begin shortly, try restarting your device.

0:00

4:26:51

4:06:19 / 4:26:51•Watch full video

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Learn Python - Full Course for Beginners [Tutorial]

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Here are the game(s?) if anyone is curious :>

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Through this SIL, I learnt that game-making is not easy. On top of all the codes, the game must also include multiple visual elements such as background and characters that are nicely designed. I'm happy that I could help my mother design some of the icons in her game.

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I think this drawing was different from all the other drawings I did because I had to be more precise for it to look nice in the game. I ended up redrawing the outlines quite a number of times because I had to get the shape right.

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i CROCHET OCTOPUS FOLLOWING A YOUTUBE VIDEO https://youtu.be/mWx_fXVErXU
the first octopus I made was the orange one on the left  then I made the blue one on the right. I made a small hat for it
then I made another octpus form another yt tutorial https://youtu.be/JHicXMQHpvo
i messed up on the white part of the eye

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These sil activities have been a fruitful experience for me as it allowed me to spend more time doing the things i enjoy doing like crocheting rather than studying all day. I have also learnt many different ways of crocheting, like the single crochet stitch and the double crochet stitch etc. With the knowledge of these basic stitches i would then be able to crochet more things during my free time. Throughout the journey of crocheting the bear i faced many difficulties as i would often loose count of the number of rounds i crocheted but however i managed to remain patient and finished crocheting the bear in the end.

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I WANT TO LEARN HOW TO CROCHET SO THAT I CAN MAKE CUTE THINGS THAT I LIKE.

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It was a very fun experience as i was able to do what i loved when i was young. I have not done rope skipping for about 3 years and i have forgotten everything about it, being able to do it again for SIL was enjoyable and although it made me very tired, i was still having fun.

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After the few weeks of practising, i wanted to do something called individual synchronise which basically is the combination of skipping and music. I created my own routine and picked out a song that i liked to skip to. I have already done half today and i will do the next half next week.

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PUCQ2pvnyW4

I found this video and also tried doing some of the tricks, it was not easy but i kept practising.

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16 Jump Rope Tricks From Beginner to Advanced

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To conclude, I think this experience has been enriching and that I have learnt a lot more about scratch and coding overall. I would improve on my game if I had time but this also works fine. If I had more chance to change things in the game, I would add a timer so that the sprites can be spawned before the game starts

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I finished the code for the sprites and the game is completed

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I started on the code for the robot sprites as it would clone itself when the game started and the game would start when the sprites had finished cloning

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I finished the code off for the blaster bolt and the code to hide it under the sprite of the spaceship so that it wouldn't be seen in the game

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I also started on the coding of the spaceship with a block of simple code which allowed the sprite to move left and right whenever the respective arrow key was pressed

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Sorry, I forgot to program the ending when is first submitted, so I programmed it.
Steps to launch the game:
Go to scratch.mit.edu
then press load from computer in the file section
Then select file
Only loadable on a computer

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So I started on drawing the sprites and ended up with these 3, which I will use in my project

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ive learnt quite a lot through sil, like innovation and resilience. Innovation because my oven refused to work at the very last minute and i had to resort to using other ways. it was an interesting experience baking cookies by myself because i usually bake with an adult, so i had to be independent. in any case im glad that i now have a cheaper alternative (though inferior in taste) to those expensive famous amos cookies

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I attempted at baking cookies today

honestly i think i messed up at multiple parts cus it turned out like chocolate bread in cookie form
also i forgot to buy the chocolate chips soooo its just chocolate flavoured
plus my oven broke so i had to use a toaster lmao

however it tastes good so im not complaining HAHAHAH

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I started coding in my free time and I am regretting this. To finish my game, I would need to code 3 separate parts(sprites), which are these so-called 'characters' in Scratch that you can program to do things such as move to a certain place on the 'stage' in the application. So these 3 sprites would be:
-The spaceship
-The blaster bolt
-The enemy

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This sil was a really nice experience as it allowed me to learn more about a topic that i was really interested in. These sessions also made me more disciplined as i managed to complete all of the crotcheting projects on time by starting earlier (around 7-8 am). Even though this sounds super cliché, but i actually got super frustrated trying to finish the crotcheted projects on time. Especially that blanket and the dinosaur. They were super tedious to make and took really long.

However, this was still a super relaxing activity where i got to learn some basics of crotchet, and i will definitely make use of these skills to make some gifts for my family and friends!

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tdy i baked the cookies but i realised that i didn't have dark chocolate so i had to use milk chocolate

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Today, I did some research on the types of games on scratch, the platform I was going to use, and decided to do a Space Invaders style game, as it was a classic arcade game and thus I would not have that much trouble coding it as I had not touched scratch in a few years

Research:
https://docs.google.com/document/d/12o8NZTnKfm90m6O37bfyLt8BgeTU9-faacPdyxIEqHI/edit?usp=sharing

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This dinosaur took me a g e s to make. (Literally from the morning till around 4pm) As u can see here, the yarn is fluffy so it was quite hard to pintpoint where to put my needle, and it was a struggle to get the needle into the stitch as well. This was quite simple, i guess. I just had to count the stitches carefully so i did not miss any.

Video i refered to for this dinosaur.
https://youtu.be/fTupccciqQs

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Record of learning: SIL Session 4 (10 May 2022)

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Record of learning: SIL Session 4 (10 May 2022)

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I baked strawberry cake today from the video I watched on 12 April.