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Weathering
Weathering is the breakdown of rock into smaller pieces from the effects of wind, water, and ice.
Erosion
Erosion is the movement of weathered materials on Earth's surface by wind, water, or ice.
Deposition
Deposition is the process in which material eroded by water, wind, or ice are dropped in a new place.
CITATION: Science Notebook

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Warm fronts- the boundary of an advancing mass of warm air
Cold fronts- the boundary of an advancing mass of cold air
High pressure- a condition in the atmosphere in which the pressure is above average
Low pressure- a condition in the atmosphere in which the pressure is below average
CITATION: BrainPOP.com

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Moon Phases
The lunar cycle is a natural pattern because it occurs every 29 days and is caused by the moon's revolution around Earth.
Seasons
The seasonal cycle is a natural pattern because it occurs every year and is caused by Earth's revolution and its rotation on an axis.
Tides
The tidal cycle is a natural pattern because it occurs every day with two low and two high tides and is caused by moon's gravitational pull and Earth's rotation.
CITATION: Science Notebook

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Soil is a blend of rock and mineral fragments, water, air, and humus. Soil is made by wind, water, glaciers, carbon dioxide, and oxygen weathering and eroding the Earth's crust. Heat, pressure, and other chemicals can also cause weathering. As the rock erodes more and more, it makes tiny particles which small plants are able to grow. As more plants grow and die, more humus is added making the soil more fertile and dark in color.
CITATION: BrainPOP.com

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Sun
The sun is a medium star but is the largest thing in our solar system. It has a huge gravitational pull and is 150 million kg away from earth. The sun is a big ball of gas which is made of helium and hydrogen. The core of the sun is 15 million degrees Celsius and the surface is 5,500 degrees Celsius. Lastly, it has an atmosphere called Corona and occasionally some sunspots.
Earth
The Earth can support life, is made of rock, and has an iron core. On Earth, plants can grow and weathering, erosion, and deposition occur to create landforms. Also, 71% of Earth's surface is water and it can be found in all three states of matter. Like all other planets, Earth also has an atmosphere which is made up of 71% nitrogen, 28% oxygen, 1% of other gasses.
Moon
The moon is the only other thing humans have been on and it is 1/4 the size of Earth. It has less mass than Earth and a tiny core. The moon is half as dense as Earth and their material is very similar. It also has 1/6 less the gravity of Earth and only a thin layer of radon gas. The moon has no wind, rain, clouds, weathering, erosion, or life.
CITATION: Science Notebook

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Fossils are preserved parts or traces of animals or plants that lived in the past. Fossils can tell us what lived where, how ancient organisms looked, how an environment used to look, and how organisms have changed over time. You can also figure out the oldest and youngest fossils by looking at which layers they were found in.
CITATION: STEMScopedia

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Metamorphosis is a type of life cycle. Metamorphosis is split into two groups: incomplete and complete metamorphosis. Complete metamorphosis has four stages: egg, larva, pupa, adult. Incomplete metamorphosis has three stages: egg, nymph, adult. Also, all organisms go through metamorphosis.
CITATION: BrainPOP.com

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An ecosystem is an environment that has living and non living that interact. Ecosystem are made up of   populations and habitats. A population is the amount of just one type of organism in an ecosystem. A habitat is the home of a certain type of organism which is also in an ecosystem.
CITATION: BrainPOP.com

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Alternative energy resources depend on processes that occur in nature to generate electricity. Since there is energy in sunlight, moving water, wind, and steam, we can use this energy to make electricity. Solar panels use sunlight to create steam which turn turbines and generates electricity. Moving water go through dams and the force turns the turbines which also makes electricity. Large wind turbines spin when the wind blows which creates electricity. Last but not least,  geothermal power is made from water being turned into steam by Earth's heat which turns the turbines for electricity.
CITATION: STEMScopedia
BrainPOP.com

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Light is what helps people see everyday. It comes in two forms: artificial light and natural light. There is also reflection of light and refraction of light. Reflection is the bouncing back and refraction is the bending of light. Light always travels in a straight line, through a vacuum (empty space).
CITATION: Science Notebook
BrainPOP.com

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Electric circuits are made by electric currents in a closed pathway. There also four main variables of a circuit. The first one is a power source. Common ones are batteries and power outlets. Next are wires that help transfer the electrons. Then,  you need a load for the electricity to power up. Last, you need a switch to control the circuit's flow. If one variable is taken away then it becomes an open circuit.
CITATION: Brainpop.com

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Energy is the ability to do work or cause change. There are seven main forms of energy. There is light from the sun, thermal from heat atoms, electrical from power plants and batteries, sound from sound waves, mechanical from things like airplanes, kinetic which is motion, and potential which is stored energy.
CITATION: Brainpop.com