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Jose de San Martin joined the military when he was just 13 years old.

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born: September 27, 1783, Morelia, Mexico and died: July 19, 1824, Padilla, Mexico.

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Liberated Argentina, Chile, Peru

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Here is a video about Jose de San Martin.

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Here is a picture of him

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a conservative military leader who won Mexican independence from Spain (Mexican War of Independence) and then ruled as Emperor Agustín I in 1822-1823.

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Had a lot of support from politicians in Mexico - made himself valuable and an authority figure

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He died of natural causes on August 17, 1850 in Boulogne-sur-Mer, France.

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Born October 12, 1798 in Lisbon and died September 24, 1834.

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He issued a declaration of Brazilian independence on Sept. 7, 1822 and in three months he was crowned emperor.

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Nationality: Argentine, Chilean, Peruvian.

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Born on 25 February 1778 in Argentina

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The colonies were divided into four main social classes, which were decided depending on your place of birth and the color of your skin. The order of classes from top to bottom was, peninsulares, creoles, mestizos, and indians and slaves were on the bottom.

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He wanted everyone in Mexico no matter what their ethnicity is to be called/considered American. He wanted Mexico to be an independent republic. He was a Creole president and one of the leaders of the revolutionary movement.

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This is where he was born

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Executed by firing squad - Congress sentenced him to death because he committed treason

Ruled for almost 1 year

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Map of Chile.

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Revolution in Latin America

Toward the close of the 18th century, the revolutionary bug that had spread throughout Europe and North America made its way to Latin America. Finally, after hundreds of years of European domination, the people of Latin America were ready to ring the bells of freedom.

Like the disenfranchised of the American and European revolutions, the lower classes of Latin Society had reached their fill. Creoles, Mestizos, and Mulattoes, who were all of mixed ancestral descent, were no longer willing to take a back seat to those of pure European blood. Thus, revolution came to Latin America.

Haiti

In Haiti, revolution was led by Toussaint L'Ouverture. As a free man, L'Ouverture led the native, enslaved population of Haiti in revolt against their European masters. Occurring in 1791, this rebellion was victorious, seeing the freedom of enslaved Haitians within a decade. Although the year 1802 saw them once again threatened by the forces of Napoleon, who desired to retake Haiti, the freedom-hungry Haitians refused to be vanquished. Finally, in 1804 the Haitians declared their official independence. Perhaps just as significant, their success rocked the institution of slavery all over the Americas.

Mexico

In Mexico, the Catholic priest Miguel Hidalgo also decided it was time to throw off the chains of Europe. On September 16, 1810, he and his followers rose up in revolution against Spain. However, they were not as successful as their Haitian counterparts. Although they had some initial success, they were unable to take the capital city. Hidalgo was captured and executed in 1811. Despite this, September 16th is commemorated as Mexico's Independence Day.

Taking up Hidalgo's revolutionary mantle, rebels were finally able to overthrow the Spanish. In the 1820s, the free Republic of Mexico was born.

Central & South America

Similar scenes played out in Central America as local leaders rebelled against Spain and together created the United Provinces of Central America. Although they began as one, these free areas soon became the independent states of Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and El Salvador.

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independence movements in latin america: examples & impact - video & lesson transcript | study.com

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Independence Movements in Latin America: Examples & Impact - Video & Lesson Transcript | Study.com

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Toward the close of the 18th century, the revolutionary bug that had spread throughout Europe and North America made its way to Latin America. Finally, after hundreds of years of European domination, the people of Latin America were ready to ring the bells of freedom.

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Also known as "the liberator", because of his key role in helping other Latin American countries earn independence.  He was  was vital for the freedom of these Latin American countries.
***Inspired by Enlightenment ideals

Born on July 24, 1783 in Caracas Venezuela, he died December 17, 1830.

He was born into a wealthy creloe family which gave him a head start in a way into life.

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Morelos called the Congress of Chilpancingo in 1813 to form a government and draft a constitution. In November the congress declared Mexico’s independence, and in October 1814 at Apatzingán it promulgated an egalitarian constitution. The congress was safe, however, only so long as it moved from place to place under the protection of Morelos’s nomadic army. Finally, royalist forces caught up with the insurgents, but Morelos fought a rearguard action allowing most of the revolutionary government to escape. He was captured and was shot as a traitor.

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Morelos called the Congress of Chilpancingo in 1813 to form a government and draft a constitution. In November the congress declared Mexico’s independence, and in October 1814 at Apatzingán it promulgated an egalitarian constitution. The congress was safe, however, only so long as it moved from place to place under the protection of Morelos’s nomadic army. Finally, royalist forces caught up with the insurgents, but Morelos fought a rearguard action allowing most of the revolutionary government to escape. He was captured and was shot as a traitor.

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https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jose-Maria-Morelos

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Iturbride means "Road of the Mountain"

Origin: Basque/Navarran

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Born: September 30, 1765, Morelia, Mexico                   Died: December 22, 1815, Ecatepec de Morelos, Mexico 

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Born: September 30, 1765, Morelia, Mexico                   Died: December 22, 1815, Ecatepec de Morelos, Mexico 

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He fought with Spanish forces in Chile on February 12, 1817.

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Jose de San Martin was a statesman, Argentinian soldier, and national hero. He also helped to lead the revolution against the Spanish.

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On Feb. 24, 1821, Iturbide launched his own revolt by issuing the Plan of Iguala. His 23-article statement guaranteed religion, independence, and union.

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Find local businesses, view maps and get driving directions in Google Maps.

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In the Americas, there weren't many titles to identify all the individuals with wealth and power.

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8HFiSUjEzVs

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He fought with them for 10 years and finally ended in 1821 when Colombia declared independence.

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https://www.latinamericanstudies.org/liberators/bolivar.htm

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Simon Bolivar was a major part of South America breaking away from Spain and declaring themselves as South American so that they wouldn't use the system with creoles, etc. that they were using at the time period. He had many expeditions against the Spanish which resulted in all of Latin America becoming free. Countries which he helped gain independence included Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru.

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Jose de San Martin was an Argentinian soldier who helped to liberate Argentina, Chile, and Peru from the Spanish.

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Bolivar's parents died when he was young and he moved to Spain for education. His father died when he was 3 and his mother died when he was 9.

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He originally thought that the Mexican rev was bad. He believed that the Rev in Spain would limit his power so he switched sides and decided to fight FOR the Mexican Rev, as it was declaring independence from Spain. He didn't want Spain to influence their politics anymore.

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He is best known for declaring Brazil independent from Portugal. 

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He is best known for declaring Brazil independent from Portugal. 

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Mexico gained independence from Spain

Ruled by monarch under constitutional monarchy

RCC made official church of Mexico

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He died at the age of 35. His parents are Prince Dom Joao and Queen  Carta Joaquina. 

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He died at the age of 35. His parents are Prince Dom Joao and Queen  Carta Joaquina. 

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In 1821, Mexico declared independence from Spain

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Poverty increased in Brazil, Venezuela and Mexico. The government was left in debt in the American countries. Also, there was a decrease in wages and living standards for public sector employees and employment was denied for some industries.

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creoles and peninsulares were made equal

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Iturbide refused to recognize the Declaration of Independence from Central American countries and was overthrown in 1823 & executed.

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In 1815 the Spanish monarchy was restored and sent a large army to the New World. So much death occurred and by 1816 the revolution was on the brink of defeat.

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The Creoles were educated and privileged, but were not allow to serve in the colonial government.  Only Peninsulares who were Spanish colonists who were born in Spain were allowed to participate in governing. But because the Creoles studied and were influenced by Enlightenment ideas they helped to lead the revolution and the break social system.  Simon Bolivar was a Creole who led most of the independence movements in South America.

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He was buried in the Pantheon of the House of Braganza.  

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He was buried in the Pantheon of the House of Braganza.  

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He has 15 kids. Nine daughters and six sons. 

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He has 15 kids. Nine daughters and six sons. 

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Argentine independence day: July 9
Chilean independence day: September 18

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In 1822, he met with Simon Bolivar in Ecuador. San Martin wanted to make Guayaquil apart if Peru, but had been unsuccessful. Eventually, San Martin had stepped down and allowed Bolivar to take control of all the independence wars.