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Our catapult was inspired by Mangonel. To launch, you pull the rubber bands down with the popsicle stick that is connected to the dixie cup with the cotton ball inside. As you pull down, you take the nail with the string attached and stick it through the holes on either side of the catapult. The popsicle stick will now rest on the nail, when you pull the nail out in a fast motion it will cause the “launcher” to spring forward and launch the cotton ball. It did this because once the nail is gone, there is no added force holding the popsicle stick with the cotton ball and Dixey cup (launcher) down

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Mangonel, www.ancientfortresses.org/mangonel.htm.

“Ballista.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 21 Oct. 2018, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ballista.

“Trebuchets You Can Make.” Trebuchet Physics, www.stormthecastle.com/trebuchet/trebuchet-physics.htm.

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5.672^2 + 2^2 = 36.171 squared = 6.014 m/s

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Maximum altitude to find the initial vertical velocity:

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Maximum altitude to find the initial vertical velocity:

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0=(vi)+(9.81)(.2015)       1.92 or 2 m/s =vi

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d=½(9.81)(.2015) = .9883575m

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Catapults have been around forever, and even though times are changing, they are not. There are three main types of catapults, Ballista, Mangonel, Trebuchet. Let me tell you about each of them. 

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Catapults have been around forever, and even though times are changing, they are not. There are three main types of catapults, Ballista, Mangonel, Trebuchet. Let me tell you about each of them. 

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Let’s start with Ballista, in my opinion it kind of looks like a bow and arrow. On a more scientific note, a Ballista launches arrows as opposed to boulders. To launch it, you pull back the bands to bend the wood arms to create tension. As soon as the trigger is pulled the tension that has been built up releases and pushes the arrow, sending it through the air.  The distance is not very impressive, but the aim is on point.

Moving on to Mangonel. A Mangonel is the most basic catapult. It has a arm to pull it back creating tension. When you release that tension the arm launches forward shooting the projectile. The arm stops at the cross bar, set at the angle of your choice. This is good for destruction of objects in its pathway, but it does not use energy very well because it uses all the stored energy while launching.
Now Trebuchet, uses a weight to launch the projectile. This weight is on the opposite side of the arm as the projectile, so when the weight falls it flings the projectile into the air. The height and velocity of the projectile depend on the height that is falling on the other end. This is method is very powerful but not very accurate for far distances.

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Time it would take to reach its maximum altitude:

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Time it would take to reach its maximum altitude:

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0.403s / 2 =0 .2015s

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How could we have made our amazing catapult even better? 

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How could we have made our amazing catapult even better? 

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1. We could have used more sturdy materials. Then it wouldn't have broken so easily.

2. We could have made it bigger. Our project was only 4.6x4.6, but the maximum was 12x12. There was lots of room for us to make it bigger making it more sturdy.

3. We could have planted our catapult onto a more durable material so we didn't have to hold it down every time we wanted to launch it.

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Horizontal component of the projectile’s velocity:

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Horizontal component of the projectile’s velocity:

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2.286m / 0.403s = 5.672 m/s

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Width- 7in
Length- 10in
Height- 4.5in

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Width-  1in
Length- 4.5in
Height- 4.5in

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-1 Cotton Ball
-13 Popsicle Sticks
-1 1/2 Sparkly Pipe Cleaners
-1 Dixey Cup
-4 Rubber Bands
-Hot Glue (no gun)
-Cold Glue
-Scotch Tape
-1 Clothes Pin (just the metal)
-1 Straw
-1 Small Nail
-String