# data[].attributes.headline
Even when evidence is communicated well, it is often underused in policy making. Plus there are so many other factors that policy makers have to take into account. (p7book 1)

# data[].attributes.subject
Even when evidence is communicated well, it is often underused in policy making. Plus there are so many other factors that policy makers have to take into account. (p7book 1)

# data[].attributes.body
flux and flow of interest in this idea.. started in 60's (Bulmer) then in New Labour's reign.
Research centre's set up in this time.

# data[].attributes.headline
Page 2 of above book - evidence is not just research based; it includes so many other sources that selection and choice of sources on which to base a policy can become very confusing and often subjective.

# data[].attributes.subject
Page 2 of above book - evidence is not just research based; it includes so many other sources that selection and choice of sources on which to base a policy can become very confusing and often subjective.

# data[].attributes.headline
 "The term ‘evidence based’ when attached as a modifier to policy or practice has become part of the lexicon of academics, policy people, practitioners and even client groups. Yet such glib terms can obscure the sometimes limited role that evidence can, does, or even should,play. In recognition of this, we would prefer ‘evidence influenced’, or even just ‘evidence aware’ to reflect a more realistic view of what can be achieved"  (Nutley Davies Walter, 2002, 1)

# data[].attributes.subject
 "The term ‘evidence based’ when attached as a modifier to policy or practice has become part of the lexicon of academics, policy people, practitioners and even client groups. Yet such glib terms can obscure the sometimes limited role that evidence can, does, or even should,play. In recognition of this, we would prefer ‘evidence influenced’, or even just ‘evidence aware’ to reflect a more realistic view of what can be achieved"  (Nutley Davies Walter, 2002, 1)

# data[].attributes.headline
health care has a hierarchical ranking of evidence base and is more heavily influenced by research than other fields of social care.  It is more methodologically rigorous.   Health care more likely to base policy on systematic reviews, Random controlled trials, meta-analyses.

# data[].attributes.subject
health care has a hierarchical ranking of evidence base and is more heavily influenced by research than other fields of social care.  It is more methodologically rigorous.   Health care more likely to base policy on systematic reviews, Random controlled trials, meta-analyses.

# data[].attributes.headline
often not enough research - small studies, ad hoc, weak methodology (Nutley, Davies, Walter p 3)

# data[].attributes.subject
often not enough research - small studies, ad hoc, weak methodology (Nutley, Davies, Walter p 3)

# data[].attributes.headline
R+D (research and development) strategies (same book, p4)... attempt to provide clear guidelines for acceptable research.

# data[].attributes.subject
R+D (research and development) strategies (same book, p4)... attempt to provide clear guidelines for acceptable research.

# data[].attributes.headline
recent focus on systematic reviews by different evidence networks (Cochrane/ Campbell/ EPPI/ ESRC etc) to create clearer dissemination of knowledge.

# data[].attributes.subject
recent focus on systematic reviews by different evidence networks (Cochrane/ Campbell/ EPPI/ ESRC etc) to create clearer dissemination of knowledge.

# data[].attributes.headline
Accommodating all the different factors is more important than trying to force everyone into one mold and system of using evidence.

# data[].attributes.subject
Accommodating all the different factors is more important than trying to force everyone into one mold and system of using evidence.

# data[].attributes.body
It is also important to consider implications of practice. Eg local context and wider political context including the impact of other policy decisions on service users etc.

# data[].attributes.headline
The UK government’s vision of modernised policy making was set out in Professional Policy Making (SPMT, 1999).  (book 1 p 10) this includes evidence base a key point.

# data[].attributes.subject
The UK government’s vision of modernised policy making was set out in Professional Policy Making (SPMT, 1999).  (book 1 p 10) this includes evidence base a key point.

# data[].attributes.headline
ESRC uk centre for evidence based policy and practice, 

# data[].attributes.subject
ESRC uk centre for evidence based policy and practice, 

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Home - Economic and Social Research Council

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
A stakeholder engagement exercise is being launched by the Economic and Social Research Council to gather views to help shape its data infrastructure strategy. The Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) funds a portfolio of data infrastructures that has developed since the inception of the council.

# data[].attributes.headline
Social Care institute for Excellence (SCIE) government sponsored  

# data[].attributes.subject
Social Care institute for Excellence (SCIE) government sponsored  

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Social Care Institute for Excellence (SCIE)

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Accredited training, consultancy, research and resources for the social care and health sectors from independent charity and improvement agency, the Social Care Institute for Excellence.

# data[].attributes.headline
Even when policy makers cannot use evidence directly, it can still affect their understanding, provide new insights, change attitudes

# data[].attributes.subject
Even when policy makers cannot use evidence directly, it can still affect their understanding, provide new insights, change attitudes

# data[].attributes.headline
page 18, book 1 - Box 11 - good overview of all the players in policy making. Different approaches to policy making.

# data[].attributes.subject
page 18, book 1 - Box 11 - good overview of all the players in policy making. Different approaches to policy making.

# data[].attributes.headline
positive for youth - government policy framework 2011 is based on a pick and mix of cross-disciplinary research and evidence , quantitative and qualitative as is 'Keeping young people in mind'....why this evidence as opposed to other evidence?? 

# data[].attributes.subject
positive for youth - government policy framework 2011 is based on a pick and mix of cross-disciplinary research and evidence , quantitative and qualitative as is 'Keeping young people in mind'....why this evidence as opposed to other evidence?? 

# data[].attributes.headline
global economic context - in particular the effect of the 'financial crisis' and resulting 'austerity'... policies may be great in theory but can they actually be implemented (refer to Birmingham case study)

# data[].attributes.subject
global economic context - in particular the effect of the 'financial crisis' and resulting 'austerity'... policies may be great in theory but can they actually be implemented (refer to Birmingham case study)

# data[].attributes.headline
Length of time it takes to implement a policy...is it workable?  

# data[].attributes.subject
Length of time it takes to implement a policy...is it workable?  

# data[].attributes.headline
Current policies can take a long time to change and evidence is needed to support change as being necessary. 

# data[].attributes.subject
Current policies can take a long time to change and evidence is needed to support change as being necessary. 

# data[].attributes.headline
Professional bodies/ service users putting pressure on government - the loudest voices...  (eg shadow government are jumping on the youth agenda - votes at 16 and reinstating national youth service - these are 2 hot topics amongst a large number of potential voters

# data[].attributes.subject
Professional bodies/ service users putting pressure on government - the loudest voices...  (eg shadow government are jumping on the youth agenda - votes at 16 and reinstating national youth service - these are 2 hot topics amongst a large number of potential voters

# data[].attributes.headline
Youth Work Lit report: the challenges of gleaning effective evidence in this field (p 5)

# data[].attributes.subject
Youth Work Lit report: the challenges of gleaning effective evidence in this field (p 5)

# data[].attributes.headline
vagueness around definition of youth work means that there is a vagueness around policy and political understandings.

# data[].attributes.subject
vagueness around definition of youth work means that there is a vagueness around policy and political understandings.

# data[].attributes.body
Youth work Lit report p 18

# data[].attributes.headline
policy based evidence is different from evidence based policy... So working in the youth work sector in the Blair government was policy based evidence: the policy invented targets which practitioners had to prove they were meeting. Evidence was generated by the policy, rather than the other way around.  (Youth work Lit review, p 23)

# data[].attributes.subject
policy based evidence is different from evidence based policy... So working in the youth work sector in the Blair government was policy based evidence: the policy invented targets which practitioners had to prove they were meeting. Evidence was generated by the policy, rather than the other way around.  (Youth work Lit review, p 23)

# data[].attributes.headline
There has long been established a hierarchy of universal services through to tier 4.  Every Child Matters strategic framework (2003/4).  Although this outcomes based policy (Blair) has now been superceded, the tiered system remains but with focus on the higher tiers, forgetting the purpose of tier 1 (universal services) and assuming that these can be delivered by well-meaning volunteers. With the absence of universal services, the other tiers are in crisis with money being poured into them to little avail.

# data[].attributes.subject
There has long been established a hierarchy of universal services through to tier 4.  Every Child Matters strategic framework (2003/4).  Although this outcomes based policy (Blair) has now been superceded, the tiered system remains but with focus on the higher tiers, forgetting the purpose of tier 1 (universal services) and assuming that these can be delivered by well-meaning volunteers. With the absence of universal services, the other tiers are in crisis with money being poured into them to little avail.