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Stonemasons, architects, priests, merchants, soldiers, government officials, etc.

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They founded their empire on top of a swampy marsh, so they could not farm, or make stable structures without support beams in the ground very well. They also did not have a lot of land to build on.

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Started after a wandering tribe found a religious symbol on an island, thought it was an omen from the Gods. Genius citizens allowed it to thrive. It fell for unknown reasons.

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Had Tenochtitlan, which was On lake texcoco, The city of Texcoco, which was to the east of lake texcoco, and Tlacopan, which was on the west side of lake texcoco. All were between the gulf of Mexico and the Pacific Ocean

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The Jungle Book / Sarabande (Mayan Style) - The Piano Guys (Wonder of the World 3 of 7)

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Hierarchy - Ranged from emperor to individual households. Empire divided into provinces ran by governors (appointed then inherited).
Land Ownership - Government had no monetary taxes, so land=tax. Farmers worked on government land and could only own a portion of their yield (depended on the needs of the group).
Mita System - People did not have money=monetary taxes. Adult men had to work for the state for certain hours. When married required to perform mita. Each person assignment dependent on skill.
Religion - Since lived in a harsh, unforgiving environment religion mainly centered on pleasing the gods (gave their most precious items). Highly worshiped the sun, the emperor was seen as the sun’s son.

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Terrace Farming - allowed for manipulation of environment for diverse agriculture in relatively same area. Extensive Road Infrastructure - Used for carrying important officials, government correspondence, armies, trade, and commodities. It allowed for quick deployment of troops, heart of trade, send orders.

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After the death of the Inca ruler Huanya Capac, civil war broke out severely weakening the empire. Then, Spanish Conquistador Francisco Pizarro captured and held for ransom the emperor, Atahualpa for $50 million in today's standards. He eventually strangled the emperor and marched on to the capital, conquering it and ending centuries of Inca sovereignty .

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Pachacuti, empire building leader who expanded Inca territory from Cuzco to southern Peru all the way to Quito, Ecuador through military conquest.

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Pacific Ocean Coast (dry, desert-like), Andes Mountain (rugged terrain, low temp, prone to natural disasters, good agriculture), Rain forest (humid climate, thick vegetation, good agriculture, east of the Andes Mountain Amazon River Basin)

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Varying climates, farming at higher altitudes, and natural disasters (earthquakes and land/rock slides)

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Could not be used for basic math, made out of knots and different colors. Very hard to read and takes years to interpret. Destroyed by the Spanish Conquest. Had specialized readers. Amount of knots and length of rope told things like population

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Rose in 250 and fell in 950 CE due to what is believed long periods of changes and droughts.

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Natural disasters and low supply of water.

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Mayan Hieroglyphics were used for record keeping. They had their own mathematics system that uses lines and dots.

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Record Keeping, Technology, and Specialized Workers

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Record Keeping, Technology, and Specialized Workers

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The Aztec tribe had their own system of record keeping that used detailed hieroglyphics. With technology, they invented chinampas that allowed them to farm on top of the water. They also used pilings in order to build on the water and be able to support structures. They had specialized builders, priests, and many other workers.

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The Aztec civilization was north of the pacific ocean, south of the gulf of Mexico, south of the modern day USA, and northwest of the old Mayan civilizations.

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Cuzco & Machu Picchu

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Pyramids & Mayan Calendar

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Yucatan Peninsula. South of the Gulf of Mexico and west of the Atlantic Ocean.

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Quetzalcoatl the feathered snake god borrowed from the Toltecs, and Huitzilopotchli the sun god who required human sacrifices. Human sacrifice was a big part of their religion. Government was a theocracy. One person, who was believed to be a descendant of the Gods, was the absolute leader.

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Strongly believed in sacrifice and theocracy government. Polytheistic. Played a ball where you could only use your hips to move the ball. Either the winners or the losers would be sacrificed to the Gods.

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Chichen Itza (north on the Yucatan Peninsula) and Tikal (south on the Yucatan Peninsula)