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- it is evident to see that our country interprets our history through different lenses by the opposition to removing statues and monuments that praise racist leaders or efforts
- continued colonization via wealth disparity and even philanthropic/foreign aid sector

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- Concept of limiting space and "civilizing" people in order to develop other land
- Connection between gentrification and colonization

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- Provides early grounds for the presumption that blackness is harmful to economic value, community
- Similarly relates colonization/Manifest Destiny to the way cities have been structured - viewing the grid system as man's dominion over nature, etc.

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-the ethnological "research" just ingrained into the population that non-whites are objectively inferior. It's easy to be discriminatory when it's like "oh well they're lesser anyway so who cares if we include them in" xyz.

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- Can see the roots of white flight, this fear of the "other" was deeply ingrained in American society
- Hierarchy of race in the U.S. (related to the "model minority" myth)
- Exploiting one non-white race more than another
- Arbitrary ranking of physical characteristics
- Right to ownership (of land, etc.)

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- incorporating ethnic groups into a dichotomous idea of racial groups
- settlements as a way of taking land

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•How does the film relate to planning or the readings for this week?

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-You need to question policies/papers/scientific findings for their underlying biases
- Important to differentiate between race and racism, and the systems of power at play
-The video seemed to be repeating itself and was a little outdated
-Noted that our cohort is majority white. How does this impact how we develop as planners? We need to question this and who we give power to.

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motivation by the sunk cost fallacy -- biologists and geneticists continuing to try to prove a theory they've disproven

depends on the questions you ask -- what do you control for? If the question is "How is x race different from others?" confirmation bias is set in

"conclusion shopping"

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- Race is not biological, but the impacts of the construction of race are very real
- Counterintuitive that observable phenotypical differences don't correlate to genetic differences - This realization/observation was probably revolutionary at this time (and probably still is for many people today)
- Racial beliefs and ideas are tied to social ideas and that are tied to and have informed planning
- Unfounded beliefs about racial differences (and white desires to maintain segregation or "racial purity") informed much of earlier 20th century planning policies and practices

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- A bit outdated, but still accurate
- Video makes the argument that we're all the same... same humanity, until social constructs are applied.
- Epigenetics - Tamsen
- The racialization of Malaria/Sickle Cell
- Structural racism man made and man instituted. Video highlights how socially constructed race is.

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•What are your thoughts?

•Is there any part that you agree or disagree with?
•What is the illusion that the film is indicating?

•How does the film relate to planning or the readings for this week?