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19th ecumenical council of the Catholic Church.

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reference to the eventual fate of the individual soul.

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religious and political challenge to the Roman Catholic Church and papal authority

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a way to reduce the amount of punishment one has to take for sins"

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italian Renaissance diplomat

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philosophical stance that emphasizes the value and agency of human beings

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mechanical device for applying pressure to an inked surface resting upon a print medium, thereby transferring the ink

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ideology and movement that promotes the interests of a particular nation

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heroine of France for her role during the Lancastrian phase of the Hundred Years' War,

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A longbow is a type of bow that is tall – roughly equal to the height of the user

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Flagellants are practitioners of an extreme form of mortification of their own flesh by whipping it with various instruments or weapons.

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usage of toxins for war

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part of the trade where Africans, densely packed onto ships, were transported across the Atlantic to the West Indies.

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ruler of the Mali Empire in West Africa from 1312 to 1337 CE.

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belief that objects, places and creatures all possess a distinct spiritual essence.

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country located along the Gulf of Guinea

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bloodsucking flies

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a country pays for its imports from one country by its exports to another.

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believing in the benefits of profitable trading or commercialism.

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global war. It involved all five European great powers of the time plus many of the middle powers and effected five continents

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natural object or animal that is believed by a particular society to have spiritual significance and that is adopted by it as an emblem.

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Spanish Conquistador who led an expedition that caused the fall of a empire

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statement that is intended to show gratitude, respect, or admiration.

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widespread transfer of plants, animals, culture, human populations, technology, diseases, and ideas between the Americas, West Africa,

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divided the newly discovered lands outside Europe between the Portuguese Empire and the Spanish Empire

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nobleman of the Portuguese royal household

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a country or area under the full or partial political control of another country, typically a distant one, and occupied by settlers from that country.

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period of technological improvement and increased crop productivity

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economy based on trade

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craftsmen or merchants

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crop rotation in medieval and early modern Europe

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language spoken by the ordinary people in a particular country

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advanced learning, conferring degrees in various faculties, and often embodying colleges and similar institutions.

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rebirth of europe

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period getting people to convert

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Iberian Peninsula of about 780 years between the Umayyad conquest of Hispania in 711 and the fall of the Nasrid kingdom of Granada to the expanding Christian kingdoms in 1492.

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leader of islam

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from 1088 to his death 1099

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10% of your income that you give to the church

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you cannot talk to god no more and you are going to hell

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selling church roles

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quick violent, and illegal seizure of power from a government.

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elite infantry units

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a lot of people sick generally passed on

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break of communion

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themata were the main military/administrative divisions

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compound emitted by a flame-throwing weapon

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modern name for a collection of fundamental works in jurisprudence

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skill of handling international relations

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largest city and former capital of Turkey

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network of trade routes

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violence against civilians,

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short surprise attacks, withdrawing before the enemy can hit back and constantly avoiding full engagement with the enemy.

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Genghis Emperor

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group of close-knit and interrelated families

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temperate grasslands, savannas, and shrublands biome.

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inhabitant of Mongolia

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form of animal husbandry,

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most of the important decisions are made by state officials rather than by elected representatives.

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used to create ammunition for the guns

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system and tech of printing

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a group of people with differ religious beliefs

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a the struggle or fight against the enemies of Islam.

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sharia law is Divination

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islamic sacred book

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arab religious leader

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the faith, practice, and church order of the Roman Catholic Church.

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is a military operation

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large building in the medieval period

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a mounted man-at-arms serving a feudal superior especially

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organized rural economies

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very poor rank class

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respect of someone because of achievements or quality

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a person, noble rank or birth.

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the dominant social system in medieval Europe

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they were raised and settled in many parts of northwestern Europe in the 8th–11th centuries.

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Charlemagne or Charles the Great, numbered Charles I, was King of the Franks from 768, King of the Lombards from 774, and Emperor of the Romans from 800. During the Early Middle Ages, he united the majority of western and central Europe.

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head of roman catholic church

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period of European history from the fall of the Roman Empire in the West

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the highest class in a placea or societies

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government with a monarchy as the head

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From the US election and Biden’s presidency, to gun control and abortion rights; stay up-to-date with the latest lines and comment with The Telegraph.

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group of people of one nationality or ethnic group living in a foreign city or country.

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land used to grow plants

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combination of legal and military customs in Europe that flourished between the 9th and 15th centuries.

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a Chinese political and religious doctrine

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specialist in a type of study

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two wheeled vehicle used with horses. and used for ancient war or racing perhaps

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grass water plant found in the nile area

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the rankings of people in a group

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government where the priests in the name of god

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a built up environment

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list of 282 rules looted by invaders in 1901

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belief in one god

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belief or worshiping more than one god

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rulers of a country

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City-state, a political system consisting of an independent city having sovereignty over contiguous territory and serving as a political center.

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giving someone something you own with out the exchange of money

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growing plants to eat and raising livestock

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change of lifestyle from hunter and gathering to settle lifestyle

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process of making a new way or method