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Critical Analysis of Brookfield’s Theory of Reflection.

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Krystal's Critical Analysis of Reflective Models (1)

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Critical Analysis of De Bono's Six Thinking Hats

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Ashlee and Abi Critical Analysis of Reflective Model DeBono's Six Thinking Hats.

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Critical Analysis of Johns’s (2000) Model for Structured Reflection By Hiromi Ranson & Doreen Bauch

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Critical Analysis of Johns’s (2000) Model for Structured Reflection By Hiromi Ranson & Doreen Bauch

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Things I really like about the critical analysis

We believe that the set of processes, which are looking in and looking outwards, give us good thinking time and an opportunity to look upon ourselves and pay more attention to the event and situation, before we move on to respond to the questions at the next stage. What we really like about Johns’ model for structured reflection is that as you go through the questions, you think about the event and situation more carefully. By doing so, it encourages to recall the event as clearly as possible. Furthermore, the range of questions can be asked in any order, which suits our style as we like to go through the same questions and think over them again to get the right answer. Though, to be able to respond to those questions, underlying the event or situation, there is no guarantee whether we give ourselves a correct answer or not, especially at this stage. Additionally, questions relating to our emotions and others, can be confusing to be thought about concurrently, in relation to the event. Therefore, it is possible that the reflection on our practice might not be able to reach or solve a problem satisfactorily and we might begin to doubt our own sanity. Notably, this is one of the models that allows for emotions in reflective practice which can be helpful in dealing with issues. Since as humans we are run by emotions it is only fair to at least allow them to have part in critical reflection so we can learn from them and also deal with them.

A piece of advice I have for this critical analysis

Our piece of advice would be to mark a starting point for this reflective cycle. For people that crave structure they might be at a loss of where to start this model. Naturally, it would start it on the right side, but that leaves a person with a starting point of Influencing Factors. It completely throws one off, that Description of the event is on the left side and comes after “Influencing factors, Could I have dealt with it better and Learning”.  Except for the layout in the circular version of this model, of where things have been placed, I really do enjoy this reflective model. The confusion probably has to do with the fact that online the model can be found in a circular version and as a version where boxes are used. Also, the usage of the word Aesthetics is misleading in this model. Aesthetics usually have to do with beauty and or Art, but here it is meant for the reflective person to think about concrete actions that have happened. It would probably have been best to name that section “The Here and Now” instead of misleading people or getting them wondering about, why it is called Aesthetics, what it means, etc, instead on reflecting on their own issues. A better word might have also been “Recognition “. I feel in order to answer these prompting questions:

What was I trying to achieve?
Why did I respond as I did?
What were the consequences of that for the patient, others, myself?
How was this person feeling? (or these persons?)

How did I know this?

you need to have a certain level of “Recognition”. That being said, however, maybe the word Aesthetics is also meant to prompt practitioners to think in creative ways about their problems in solutions, which then it would make sense again to have been used.

Questions I have about the critical analysis

One question could be, regarding time constraints to go through all the questions, as things are happening right here and right now in our practice. The series of questions could take up too much time to answer to be able to get to the action stage, yet we still want the best outcome from our reflection by going through Johns’ model for structured reflection.

Some of the questions can seem overwhelming to go through, and it might look impossible to answer some of the questions. In that case, would a person still get the best outcome from this model?

Suggestions I have for the next time you write a critical analysis

On one hand, a reflective model should be simple enough to maneuver. However, it also needs enough steps to make it a valid reflection and not just a retell of an event. This means that everything should be balanced enough for practitioners not to get too overwhelmed with the idea of reflection. If they are reflecting than they most likely have a reason to do so, and therefore it should be an easy framework there to follow for them.  One suggestion is too use simple words and terms. Why do we have to use words like Aesthetics and Empirics in a reflective model. As mentioned above, the word Recognition instead of Aesthetics and maybe the word Observation/Experimentation instead of Empirics would do just fine as well. Life is complicated, work and being a good practitioner is also complicated, so let’s make reflection easier to use, and especially less intimidating by calling things what they are in simple terms. Maybe then more people would be less intimidated to actually try and use reflection more often. Who really wants to sit for hours first trying to research what is even asked of me in a particular reflective model, and then after figuring it out, sit equally as long working on it step by step?

References

Johns C (1995) Framing learning through reflection within Carper’s fundamental ways of knowing in nursing. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 22: 226-34