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Spelling is important for reading and writing.

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How can spelling me taught and assessed effectively?

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Spelling can be learned through repetition and exposure to words frequently.

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Spelling is more likely to be tested than taught.

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These complex relationships between sounds and letters are often explained by the origin and meaning components within the words.

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Teachers teach sounds/phonics and decoding strategies for students to understand better the English language.

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English spelling is the consequence of 1,400 years of linguistic evolution.

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How was spelling first introduced?

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How has spelling evolved?

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Words need to be viewed through multiple lenses to reveal layers of history and meaning that shine a light on why words are spelled the way they are.

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English is a polyglot language. It is a mixture of German, French, Latin, and Greek with a smattering of words and associated spellings from languages all over the world.

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Students remember words through their experiences with words.

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What are the purpose of spelling tests?

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Spelling tests are given every week.

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How can we understand the importance of spelling better?

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Spelling tests thus inform the content of future spelling tests rather than inform practice to improve the spelling skills of students.

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Teachers teach high-frequency words to improve student's fluency.

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Whether a student can spell in a test is a moot point; the point of spelling is to communicate clearly with others.

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A more useful assessment approach will seek to understand whether students can spell in authentic communicative tasks and which of the spelling knowledges they use successfully, and which they struggle with.

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Good teaching requires a full understanding of what spelling is—not the rote learning of strings of letters, but a sociolinguistic construction, each word a wonderful tapestry of meaning and history.

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The teaching of all the linguistic threads that weave through words is key to equity of outcomes in spelling.

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Teacher provide students opportunities to show and practice their spelling skills.

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Teachers teach concepts about language structure at several levels and specific letter sequences.

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What can teachers do to improve student's communication skills and linguistic development?