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An intensifier is a word that strengthens or weakens another word (usually the word immediately to its right). An intensifier has no real meaning by itself and can usually be removed from the sentence. Intensifiers are adverbs.

This presentation will provide you with all the information you need to master the use of intensifiers.

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Intensifiers and adverbs of degree | The parts of speech | Grammar | Khan Academy

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by Craig Shrives

Intensifier (Grammar)
An intensifier is a word that strengthens or weakens another word (usually the word immediately to its right). An intensifier has no real meaning by itself and can usually be removed from the sentence. Intensifiers are adverbs.

The most common intensifiers are "very," "extremely," and "incredibly." The sole purpose of an intensifier is to tell us about the intensity of another word.

Examples of Intensifiers in Sentences
Here are some examples of intensifiers (shaded) in sentences:

This pie is tasty.

This pie is very tasty.
(In this example, the intensifier "very" strengthens the adjective "tasty." Of note, "very" is the most common intensifier in English.)

The delegation is late.

The delegation is very late.

Last week's test was easy.

Last week's test was really easy.

Last week's test was incredibly easy.

Last week's test was insanely easy.

Negative-sounding Intensifiers Provide Strength
Oddly, negative-sounding words such as "awfully," "dreadfully," "insanely," and "terribly" provide strength to the words they govern. For example:

You look awfully pale.

I am dreadfully sorry.

That is an insanely clever plan.

The pressure is dropping terribly quickly.

Real-Life Examples of Intensifiers

You can only enjoy life when you're extremely busy. (Actress Josephine de La Baume)

Nothing to me feels as good as laughing incredibly hard. (Actor Steve Carell)

In Jaws, they used their state-of-the-art animatronic shark very sparingly because it kept breaking down, but it was why the film was so good. It was all suggested. (Actor Tom Ellis)
(Intensifiers tend to modify adjectives, but they can modify adverbs too.)
Intensifiers can also weaken the words they modify. For example:

I don't need much money. I lead a fairly simple life. (TV presenter Karl Pilkington)

I make things up for a living. It would be pretty boring to write about real people. (Author Kristin Gore)

Here are two real-life examples of negative-sounding words providing strength to the words they modify.

I don't see myself as a philosopher. That's awfully boring. (Author and philosopher Ray Bradbury)

Being a woman is a terribly difficult task, since it consists principally in dealing with men. (Writer Joseph Conrad)

Intensifiers are sometimes called "boosters" or "amplifiers." Intensifiers that weaken are sometimes called "downtoners."

Read also about limiting modifiers (e.g., "only," "hardly," "merely").
Why Should I Care about Intensifiers?
Intensifiers are best avoided in formal writing because many consider their use as lazy writing. When writing formally, the level of intensity should be achieved through word choice (e.g., by using strong adjectives instead of intensifiers).

It is very tasty.

It is delicious.
(There is no need for an intensifier with a strong adjective like "delicious." In fact, "very delicious" and "extremely delicious" sound unnatural.)
Intensifiers are disliked to the extent that some copy editors start their work by running a macro on their PCs that deletes every "very" from the document. (If you do this, ensure you Find and Replace (which is CTRL H) "[space]very" otherwise words like "every" and "everything" fall victim to the cull.)

That said, there are three key issues related to intensifiers.
(Issue 1) Use intensifiers very sparingly.
This quotation captures why you should use intensifiers sparingly.

If everything is very important, then nothing is important. (Canadian Prime Minister Brian Mulroney)

Intensifiers can be effective if you limit their use. If you were to use the word "very" just once in a document, then your readers would understand that "very" really does mean "very." Also, be aware that using intensifiers (especially overusing them) can portray you as melodramatic. Often, less is more. Look at this example:
Your child is very badly behaved, very loud, and extremely disruptive. (The overuse of intensifiers suggests the teacher is unable to cope and raises a question about professionalism. Through formal training or experience, senior executives avoid words like "very" and "extremely," which do little to portray a sense of calm and control.)

(Issue 2) Don't double up your intensifiers.
Intensifiers fade with time. "Awfully" and "terrible" are good examples as they no longer exude the strength of the power-words "awe" and "terror." They have lost their shock value.

To overcome the diminishing effect of intensifiers, some writers (especially in informal writing) double up their intensifiers.

She tried very very hard.

Tomorrow's meeting is so terribly important.

Using two intensifiers tells your writers that you don't have the skills to find the right words. This practice might be efficient in, say, a text or an informal email, but definitely don't double them up in anything with even a smattering of formality.
What's that word that means you know lots of words?
Articulate.
Yeah, that's it. I'm very very articulate.

(Issue 3) Exercise caution when using an intensifier with a non-gradable adjective.
A non-gradable adjective (e.g., "impossible," "unanimous," "dead") is one that expresses an idea to its maximum degree. If an adjective is truly non-gradable, then it stands to reason that it can't be strengthened or weakened. Dead means dead. Something can't be very dead. Therefore, using an intensifier with a non-gradable adjective could irk some of your readers.

Here are 10 common non-gradable adjectives:

absolute, dead, fatal, impossible, inevitable, principal, unanimous, unavoidable, unique, universal

Be aware though that many of these non-gradable adjectives have nuanced meanings that allow them to be graded. Let's look at "unique" because that's the one that causes most debate.

"Unique" can meanthe only one of its kind, but, depending on which dictionary you use, it can also mean special or unusual. In the first meaning, you could make a case for "very unique" being wrong but not in the second meaning. There may also be times when "unique" in the first meaning is gradable, e.g., "This system is fairly unique."

Remember that we're dealing with language here not logic. The term "fairly unique" is succinct and easily understandable.

Of course, those who protest against terms like "very unique" (and it's a lot of people) could challenge the increasingly common, watered-down meanings of "unique," but they'd be arguing on a point of vocabulary not grammar. Sometimes, we have to accept that things change. "Literally" no longer means "literally," and "unique" no longer means "unique." Move on.

Interactive Exercise

Here are three randomly selected questions from a larger exercise, which can be edited, printed to create an exercise worksheet, or sent via email to friends or students.

See Also
What are adjectives? What are adverbs? What are limiting modifiers? What are determiners? Glossary of grammatical terms

Technical Help

Download Grammarly's app to help with eliminating grammar errors and finding the right words. Download a Free Grammar Checker

(The Grammarly app works with webmail, social media, and texting apps as well as online forms and Microsoft Office documents like Word.)

Self Help: Buy Our Book

Written by Vocational rather than academic, "Grammar for Grown-ups" is packed with real-life examples and keeps you engaged with a wealth of great quotations from Homer the Greek to Homer the Simpson. Straight talking and methodical, "Smashing Grammar" (2019)
the founder of Grammar Monster, "Smashing Grammar" includes a glossary of grammar essentials (from apostrophes to zeugma) and a chapter on easily confused words (from affect/effect to whether/if). Each entry starts with a simple explanation and basic examples before moving to real-life, entertaining examples. All entries conclude with a section highlighting why the grammar point is relevant for a writer and top-level bullet points summarizing the entry. [More]Craig Shrives draws on his years compiling Grammar Monster and as an army officer to present a comprehensive but light-hearted and easily digestible grammar reference guide. [More] "Grammar for Grown-ups" (2011)

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In grammar, an intensifier is a word that strengthens or weakens another word (typically the word immediately to its right). Common intensifiers include very, extremely, and incredibly. Intensifiers have no real meaning by themselves and can be removed from the sentence. They are sometimes called boosters or downtowners (if they weaken).

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Commonly used intensifieres

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Eliminate Intensifiers to Strengthen your Writing, by Brita Addams.

Are instensifiers in Spanish as widely used as in English?

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Intensifiers are the most overused words on the planet. These awesome and terrific tips are a wonderful way for real writers to write their absolute magnificent best.

The underlined words are just a few intensifiers. Now the sentence without them: These tips are a way for writers to write their best. Uncluttered, and frankly, much less ridiculous.

We all want our words to make an impact, but that should be done with impactful writing, not flooding our manuscripts with verbiage that done add anything by clutter.

Consider this example: "She is completely naked." Does saying "completely naked," give the reader a different image than that of "She is naked?" No.

Sometimes intensifiers have the opposite effect than intended. Instead of a crisp statement, you have something heavy, with no impact, for example: "I am totally angry." If sounds like a teenage girl trying to express herself. Not as effective as "I am angry."

Authors often complain about their editor's penchant for flagging adverbs. Much of the bad rep that adverbs have is because of the empty use of intensifiers. Strengthen your sentences, use more effective adverbs, and you will find that intensifiers become a thing of the past.

Stephen King writes in On Writing: A Memoir on the Craft: " Adverbs, like the passive voice, seem to have been created with the timid writer in mind."

In reading, writing, and editing, I've observed a universal love affair with intensifiers. Very, enough, extremely, strongly, really, only, too, fairly, quite, rather, pretty, so, absolutely, never, always, little, completely, totally, utterly, exceptionally, incredibly, amazingly, remarkably, unusually, particularly, and on and on, ad infinitum.

Adjectives have their place- While this is true, the best alternative is to structure your sentences with stronger verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs.

We use intensifiers to indicate force - The fire is extremely hot. In truth, fire is hot. Readers understand fire. The use of extremely doesn't make it hotter. It conveys nothing at all if you analyze the sentence. In fact, when stories are clogged with such attempts to intensify words that alone are intense, they reduce the intended meaning and often sound silly. They also slow down the reading.

Now, I will take a moment to defend this position. Speak your sentence aloud, and I guarantee, 99% of the time, they will sound less intense and needlessly wordy.

Here are more examples, courtesy of Daily Writing Tips, of intensifiers that we should avoid. In each case, note the original meaning of each word, and how that meaning has become skewed.

1. Absolute: The original sense of absolute is "ultimate," but now it is weakly used as an intensifier.

2. Awesome: Originally, something awesome inspired awe. Now, the most mundane phenomena are exalted as such.

3. Fabulous: This adjective, derived from fable, once referred to sensory stimuli one might expect to encounter in a flight of fancy, but users have appropriated it to describe extravagant fashion sense or, more mundanely, notable accomplishments, but it is most potent when restricted to describing phantasmagorical phenomena.

4. Fantastic: Avoid using as a synonym for excellent; senses such as "unbelievable," "enormous," and "eccentric" are truer to the source.

5. Incredible: As with fantastic, usage of this word has strayed far from the original meaning of something that does not seem possible. Only if a story literally cannot be believed is it authentically incredible. (Three intensifiers in one sentence!)

6. Magnificent: Something magnificent was originally grand or sumptuous, exalted or sublime, but over time, we have diminished the word's impact in response to merely commendable achievements. Reserve usage to describe things of stunning impact.

7. Real: This term derives from the Latin term res, "thing, fact," and should be used only to denote genuine, actual, extant, practical phenomena; minimize its use, and that of the adverb really, as a synonym for complete or completely.

8. Terrific: Terrific, originally referred to something terrifying, however the meaning has long been rendered impotent by use as a synonym for great. Try to reserve it for such descriptions as "a terrific crash."

9. Wonderful: Use when a sense of wonder is involved, or at least when there is an element of surprise, not just to suggestion a reaction of delight.

10. Very: The most abused word on this list - and one of the most in the entire English language - comes from the Latin word for "true." Consider restraining yourself from using it in writing except to convey verity, precision, and other adjectival connotations, rather than the adverbial sense of "exceedingly."

Mark Twain said it best: "Substitute 'damn' every time you're inclined to write 'very.' Your editor will delete it and the writing will be just as it should be."

The words "very" or "really" (or truthfully any intensifier) are just another way of increasing the value of a word without adding anything descriptive. You're also using two words when one would suffice, and unless you're getting paid by the word, it's best to avoid. Instead of saying "very loud," use "deafening," "thunderous," or "piercing." Not only do they roughly mean the same as "very loud," but they are much more descriptive. http://writerswrite.co.za/45-ways-to-avoid-using-the-word-very
Examples of intensifiers:
I strongly disagree.

The weather is extremely hot in Africa.

You play soccer very well.

Do you really mean it?

That book is fairly interesting.

The atmosphere is quite calm here.

He's pretty intelligent.

These students are rather noisy.

I so wanted to buy the dress.

She writes poems too often.

I am a little angry with her.
Strong adjectives to use in place of very:
enormous, huge = very big
tiny = very small
brilliant = very clever
awful; terrible; disgusting; dreadful = very bad
certain = very sure
excellent; perfect; ideal; wonderful; splendid = very good
delicious = very tasty

We do not normally use very with these adjectives. We do not say something is "very enormous" or someone is "very brilliant".

With strong adjectives, we normally use intensifiers like:

The film was absolutely awful.
He was an exceptionally brilliant child.
The food smelled really disgusting.

Eliminate absolutely, exceptionally, and really. The sentences will stand on their own.
http://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/en/english-grammar/adjectives/intensifiers
Below are two of my pet peeves in writing. I've read stories where these two words, suddenly/sudden and started/began were used so frequently, that I came to see myself at the literary equivalent of a tennis match.

Sudden/suddenly are useless. They tell the reader what the author wants to convey, instead of show ing. Write the action and forget these words. As Anton Chekhov said. "Don't tell me the moon is shining, show me the glint of light on broken glass."

The same applies to quickly. Show us a strong, active sentence, and you won't need this crutch word.
Start/Started
"He started reading." "She started singing." "They started talking." These sentences are passive and clunky. They slow down the reading. Revise to read, "He read." "She sang." "They talked," and you have better phrased, active sentences.

Every action starts. Embellish on the action if need be: "He read the book from start to finish." "She sang for hours." "They talked all night long." Each sentence provides a better scope of time than using the word "started".

Use started when there is a definite starting time - "The race started at eight this morning."

While there are appropriate times to use these words and their variations, it is best to avoid them and give your sentences more active treatment. Strengthen your sentences, show, don't tell, and create active and not passive paragraphs, and you will see these intensifiers disappear you're your writing.
A note about Language Evolution
The argument that language evolves doesn't wash. Words mean what they mean, and simply because we use them incorrectly (yes, I do too,) doesn't mean that the "new" meaning negates the original meaning. "Sick" doesn't mean great and "bad" doesn't mean good.

Yes, language evolves, but when it takes such drastic detours, someone has to stay "enough." Not all change is good change.

For more information and helpful links, aside from the ones above, try these places on the web.
Very and other useless words to erase forever Get a useful PDF list of intensifiers. Adjective Intensifiers
Next month we will talk about disembodied body parts. Oh, those traveling eyes!

About Brita:

(Insert Brita Logo)Author Bio: Born in a small town in Upstate New York, Brita Addams has made her home in the sultry south for many years. In the Frog Capital of the World, Brita shares her home with her real-life hero-her husband, and a fat cat named Stormee. All their children are grown.

Given her love of history, Brita writes both het and gay historical romance. Many of her historicals have appeared on category bestseller lists at various online retailers.

Tarnished Gold, the first in her Tarnished series for Dreamspinner, was a winner in the 2013 Rainbow Awards, Historical Romance category. It also received nominations, from the readers of the Goodreads MM Romance Group, for Best Historical and Best Book of 2013.

Brita and her husband love to travel. They've taken no less than twenty-five cruises and countless long car trips, as well as completed a Civil War battlefield tour, and visits to many sites involved in the American Revolutionary War. Their 2013 anniversary tour of England, Scotland, and Wales gave Brita fodder for many new tales.

On a trip to Hollywood, California, at Grauman's Chinese Theater, Brita stood in the footprints of some of her favorite actors-Clark Gable, Henry Fonda, Tyrone Power, and many others. She has even kissed Mickey Rooney, God rest his precious soul.

A bit of trivia-Brita pronounces her name, Bree-ta, and not Brit-a, like the famous water filter. Brita Addams is a mash-up of her real middle name and her husband's middle name, with an additional d and s.

Insert ATRIH LogoOn the last Tuesday of each month, at 2 pm Central time, 3 pm Eastern, Brita hosts a Blog Talk Radio show for Writers Online Network, entitled And the Rest is History, where she interviews authors, and sometimes publishers and readers of historical fiction.

On May 27, Brita interviews Kirsten Blacketer, author of An Irresistible Shadow for Breathless Press. This book has a great concept, and I'm looking forward to talking to Kirsten about it.

Watch Facebook and Twitter for all the details.

Here is WON Radio's interview with Brita.
Contact Links:
Dreamspinner author page
Monthly column at The Novel Approach
Writer's Online Network/Blog Talk Radio

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Eliminate Intensifiers to Strengthen your Writing, by Brita Addams

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Intensifiers are the most overused words on the planet. These awesome and terrific tips are a wonderful way for real writers to write their absolute magnificent best. The underlined words are just a few intensifiers. Now the sentence without them: These tips are a way for writers to write their best.

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