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"My friend has died so many times in me,/ And yet he still seems so alive,/ Like a younger brother..."

Gilgamesh explains the impact Enkidu has had on him in the very short time they had together. Their bond has gone to the extent that they are almost like brothers.

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old rugged features worn by the seas (72)
Hospitable (72)
"The Distant" (73)
Becoming blind (73-74)
Believes love and friendship is the only way to eternal life (74)
Gods only know how to compete(77)

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"I was afraid/ Is there something more than death?"

This passage shows the change in thoughts that Gilgamesh has about death from prior to Enkidu's passing to post the tragic event. Before, he thought that death was an inevitable event, however now Gilgamesh doesn't want others to feel the pain of one's death and carry that burden with them.

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Anu- Weak minded father of the gods
Enlil- The military advisor
Ishtar- the sensation craving one Ishtar- selfish and believes man is hers (78)

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The physical embodiment of loss(72)
Will go to many lengths to bring his friend back(73)
After spending time with Utnapishtim they become close enough to ask important questions (75)
Still longs for eternal life (83)
Gilgamesh realizes that his journey is over (91)
Gilgamesh is humbled by his journey and sees what his people have achieved with building the wall (92)

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The drifting boat represents the weight of the grief that Gilgamesh is bearing. It shows the opposite of the adventurers who usually come to Utnapishtim, seeking glory and immortality.

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What do you think it mean when Utnapishtim tells Gilgamesh that he didn't come out of desire, but as the choice of others?

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"And who the man was/Who resembled loss itself." Gilgamesh is so mournful another man sees his as representing mournfulness. This adds to the explanation of how Gilgamesh is beyond grieving.

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Gilgamesh was able to get on shore and talk to Utnapishtim who, enlightens Gilgamesh of how much he did to help a dead friend.

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"Friendship is vowing toward immortality/And does not know the passing away of beauty." Here Utnapishtim explains to Gilgamesh why he is so sorrowful about Enkidu's death: because of his strong friendship with Enkidu. Gilgamesh starts to learn the things he came to Utnapishtim for.

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The flood relates to Noah's Ark as both endure the flood sacrifice and survive to obtain a prize, immortality being Utnapishtim's prize.

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Utnapishtim tells Gilgamesh a story about the gods. A city called Shurrupak was very old and had many gods. A flood came and killed many people

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Does Utnapishtim tell Gilgamesh his story, to try and stop him from getting immortality? Or to tell him the price for immortality?

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In this case, age determines the wisdom of a person. An old person has vast wisdom, while a young person is impulsive and does not think about their actions.

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"I think love's kiss kills our heart of flesh./It is the only way to eternal life."
Utnapishtim explains how he believes love is the only way to eternal life.

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Are the gods so clouded by their superiority, that they can't even see the height of their destruction until it has happened?

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After telling the story, Utnapishtim invited Gilgamesh to stay at his house with his wife. When Gilgamesh awoke from his slumber, Utnapishtim told Gilgamesh that he is not able to handle eternal life and told him to leave.

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The serpent in Adam and Eve is similar to the serpent in Gilgamesh, as both relinquish the desire in their victims and make them understand the pain of the real world. The serpent ate the apple in Adam and Eve, while in Gilgamesh, the serpent ate the fragrant rose.

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Does Gilgamesh, in a way, see himself in the old, wise man, Utnapishtim?

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The rose is a item, like the apple in Adam and Eve. This is the item of desire, as it gives immortality while the apple was food. Adam and Eve had never had food, so they desired it. This leads to the realization of shame for them. In Gilgamesh, it leads to him realizing that immortality is impossible. The thorns on the rose symbolize the side effects of the rose.

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Gilgamesh was forced to leave Utnapishtim home and sail away with Urshanabi.Gilgamesh kept wanted to tell Utnapishtim that he was wrong, but Gilgamesh realize that having eternal life will force you to watch your love ones die.

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"But for a long time I could only stay inside./I could not face the deaths I knew were there." Here Utnapishtim explains how he survived and others died, but it was only worse for him.

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When Gilgamesh was about to leave, Utnapishtim tell him that there is a plant in the river and pricking himself with the plant will give him a new life. To get this plant, Gilgamesh tied rocks to his legs and went down into the river.

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Understands Utnapishtam well
Does not speak much

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Brings Gilgamesh back to the other shore.Like a guider and helper to the people who seek information.

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"How will you find eternal life/ To bring back to your friend?"

This question makes Gilgamesh rethink his choice to find eternal life. After hearing Utnapishtim's story, Gilgamesh learns that eternal life comes at a price. Is Gilgamesh willing to pay that price?

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The gods send a flood to destroy man. After the Gods realize what they have done. This shows the Gods don't think before acting.

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Did the snake eat the rose in order to show Gilgamesh that what he wanted to achieve, was impossible? If so, explain your reasoning.

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"How will you bear eternal life?/ It is not easy to live like gods."

All Utnapishtim is saying to Gilgamesh here is that he is not fit to have eternal life and be a god.

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(Stanza 3) Utnapishtim pities Gilgamesh and sees the deep pain that is within him. He decides to tell Gilgamesh about a plant that will give Gilgamesh a new life, allowing him to lose the grief he has collected from the loss of Enkidu. This is important to the character development of Utnapishtim, as it shows that he gives in to his pity for Gilgamesh even though he knows Gilgamesh is wrong.

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The blind man is there to teach Gilgamesh how hes one of the only people who will miss Enkidu and that this is a personal journey and experience.

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"Of a serpent was all he saw. He sat/ Down on the ground, and wept."

This shows that yet again, a chance to have eternal life, has slipped away from Gilgamesh. First, he destroyed the stones and now the plant is gone.