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-The peace treaty signed at the end of the war.
-Mostly covered Germany's punishment for starting the war.
-France wanted to punish the Germans for starting the war
-President Wilson (America) wanted to create a treaty that would help preserve peace
-Britain's leader supported Wilson's 14 Point Proposal, but since the people wanted more punishment, Britain politically supported France's demands.

-Created the League of Nations

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A German policy that they would use U-Boats to sink any ship, neutral or Allied, that was approaching Britain without warning. This was an attempt to cut of supplies. More than 1000 ships were lost as a result and Britain introduced the convoy system to help protect against German U-Boats.

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Imperialism is the practice of a larger country or government growing stronger by taking over

poorer/weaker countries that have important resources.
SIGNIFICANCE
Since Germany was taking over many of the smaller countries, getting more land and more resources, it started a fight since there was less land and resources available. It was one important reasons that WWI started.

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Soldiers fought and lived in the trenches
The soldiers slept and rested in dugouts. They were not always safe. If a shell fell into the trench, it could collapse the dugout and bury the soldiers
Conditions in trenches were often unsanitary. They filled up with water at the bottom and if the soldiers did not change their socks often enough and keep their feet dry, they could get trench foot.

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M.A.I.N reason for WW1. Militarism is the act of trying to build a bigger army than everyone else, which means that people want to attack you less and when attacked you can defend yourself.

SIGNIFICANCE: The arms race was a cause of great tension between Britain and Germany as Germany began building a larger navy, making Britain feel threatened about their dominance of the sea.

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31 July – 10 November 1917 This was the third battle in Ypres, Belgium. It was fought by the Allies against the German Empire. They fought on the Western Fron and the Germans had higher ground so it easier for them to shoot down. General Arthur Currie strategically planned a shell shock attack on the Germans but he was shocked at the the fighting conditions because the battlefield was a sea of muck.
Significance: Canadians may have won, but it wasn't worth it because of the muddy terrain. The Canadians gained 7km of mud but they realized it wasn't worth it because of the terrain.

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An immigrant in a country who is a native or a citizen of any foreign nation is viewed as a suspect in its foreign land as a result of war between the two countries.

Many of these people were regarded with suspicion and sent to internment camps. Some had their homes and businesses vandalized

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Serbian terrorist group whose goal is to join Serbia and Bosnia. They initiated the attack against Austria-Hungary's throne and created the spark that led to WW1. This was a primary example of nationalism and This to imperialism as the This to people This to of these countries were enraged by the black hand and all was a began vecause vf vveryone's vitalpart of our history.

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-His death sparked WWI as he was the heir to the Austro-Hungarian Empire. As a result, AuStro-Hungary declared war on Serbia.

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The RMS Lusitania was torpedoed by a German U-boat in 1915, while it was en route from New York to England. This caused major political chaos.
-It was suspected to be carrying munitions for Britain
SIGNIFICANCE
-Played a role in convincing the U.S. to join WWI
- U.S bought munitions from Canada which helped each other’s expnomy
-U.S contributed a lot to the war because they had a lot of people and resources

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Immigrants lost thier rights as long as thr governemnt promised to keep them safe. This happened 3 times (ww1,ww2 and flq crisis). This resulted in discrimination, random searches, detainment and many more violation against rights

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Canada played a big role in the convoy system with its navy. By the end of the war Canada had 471 ships and 90000 men in the navy. The main role of the navy was to escort merchant ships and military resources.

With the United States joining the war it was more important than ever to protect Allies interests at Sea and transport troops.

The convoy system was very important because it reduced losses of ships and resources greatly. Without the convoy system German U-boats would stop Allies from supporting troops with vital resources like food, weapons, and troops.

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Significance
-Helped Canada gain a separate seat as a nation in the peace talks after the war. Canada was not seen as just a "former British colony" which later helped us gain independence from Britain.
-Canada's first significant victory for it's allies, which showed that Canada is military equipped to fight battles with little to no support from Britain.
-Canada made international headlines regarding war, which boasted our military power and also boosted our pride.
- It was a turning point in Canadian history and is still remembered today as it showed that Canada is powerful and independent from Britain.

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Was the first Canadian genera who fought during World War I. He was globally known to be among one of the finest strategists nthe war. He became the first Canadian commander of the Canadian Corps. In May of 1916, he was appointed to the rank of general by Sir Julian Bying.

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Best pilot from Canada, an ace (5+ planes shot down to qualify) with a total of 16 planes shot down.

In 1940,, he became Director of Recruitment for the Royal Canadian Air Force. He was awarded the Victorian Cross and the highest honours of France for his achievements.

Significance: Has earned Canada more respect and successful Canadian pilots led to Britain launching a pilot training program in Canada; this also lead to more independence from the British Empire.

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-Canada had no Air Force, so Canadian pilots joined the British Royal Flying Corps.
-Planes were used for scouting and fighting “dogfights” in the air
-Dogfights were deadly fuels fought between enemy planes
-By 1918, 40% of the British airforce was Canadian
-  Young men flocked to the Air Force because they had better pay, food, and lodgings
- The Air Force was the most deadly branch of the military
-Canadian pilots shot down 438 enemy planes
-Germany developed a fighter plane with timed bullets in 1915
-The British developed the Sopwith Camel in 1917 to compete
-Manfred von Richthofen “the Red Baron” was a very skilled German pilot
-He was shot down by Canadian pilot Roy Brown
-The Black Flight was a group of Canadian pilots
-The achievements of Canadian pilots gained Canada it’s own airforce

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-Between British and French empires against the German Empire.
-Battle was four months long (from July 1st to November 18th  1916.)
- Over 600,000 casualties on each side
-The first day had the highest casualties of one day's fighting in warfare
- Took place in France near the Somme river
-Source of controversy
- Some people thought the battle was unnecessary because of the small amount of ground gained and the huge amount of deaths

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-Patriotism
-devotion and loyalty to a country

Nationalism is a feeling of deep loyalty to one’s people and homeland. In the early 20th century, extreme nationalism was a problem in Europe. People were taking action to support their nation even if it has effects on others.

Nationalism was important because the government depended on people with strong loyalty to join and volunteer for the war. When the nationalism died down, the government had to rely on conscription so that there would be more soldiers.

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Government spreads ideas in order to influence people to support a particular cause. For example, they used World War posters to recruit soldiers, encourage people to ration food, as well as encourage the purchase of victory bonds. Propaganda often used nationalism to manipulate people's feelings and emotions as well as make them feel guilty or make them hate the enemy. Propaganda was significant to Canadian history because it caused so many more soldiers to join the war which also led to victory in the war. This victory helped Canada gain a new respect on the international stage.

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All of a countries resources go to the war effort and ensuring a win in the war. It caused victory bonds, factories and Canadian farmers to help out with the war effort. Many women from the cities helped out with farming. The factories also began to boom during the war as supplies were needed for those fighting during the war. This increased Canada's economic state and 300,00 thousand individuals were being employed. Victory bonds helped the war because Canadians needed 1 million dollars per day, so with the loans Canada would be able to achieve that sum. People were also able to cash in their money with interest after the war. The total war was life changing fora women. Women were the ones controlling the economy at the time. They helped provide supplies for those in war. They did this by volunteering overseas, working in factories, knitting socks, and women gathering to raise money. Total war allowed women to become recognized and increased our economy.