# data[].attributes.body
New Haven is the main city in the southern portion of the state of Connecticut. It is one of the bigger cities in the state, having a population of over 800,000 in 2010. The city of New Haven also contains a very rich history, as the Colony of new Haven was settled all the way back in 1638. Because of the city being one of the early areas in North America, it has dozens of historic buildings and other pieces of architecture. After one drive through the city, one will most likely notice a lot of very unique and old looking buildings, similar to what one may see in European cities. The city has many awesome examples of Gothic, Victorian, Beaux-Art style as well as many other styles of architecture that one cannot find in just any city in America. Fortunately for us, most of the buildings that are on this list have been added to the National Registration of Historic Places, which means that these buildings will remain standing for the rest of time, for everyone to marvel at. Some of these buildings have great stories attached to them, while others are simply iconic examples of certain styles of architecture, and must remain standing. These buildings span from churches to libraries and even to residential homes. Most of the buildings on the list also have a connection to the local Yale University, which owns a lot of land and buildings in the Downtown New Haven area. Also, a handful of the buildings in this exhibit are designed by the same two or three people. In this exhibit, I hope to prove through the evidence that New Haven, Connecticut is one of the most historically and architecturally significant cities in America.  With all that said, lets take a look at some of New Haven's architecture.

# data[].attributes.body
At one point in the city's history, New Haven was known as "the corset capitol of the world". That is because of the Strouse, Adler Company Corset Factory. The complex's first building was built in 1876, and is an example if Italianate and Classical Revival architecture. There were additions to the original building in the coming years, leaving the complex we can see today. Strouse, Adler Company was at one point considered "a pioneer in the corset industry". The complex was added to the United States National Register of Historic Places in 2002, and is located at 78-84 Olive Street.

# data[].attributes.body
The Sterling Memorial Library is the main library building of Yale University, and is located at 120 High Street. The building was designed by James Gamble Rogers, and is a Gothic Revival style building, much like most of the Yale University buildings. Construction of the building was completed in 1930. Some of the buildings unique features are extensive sculptures and hundreds of stain glass windows, which were created by G. Owen Bonowit. The library also contains many paintings, as well as over 4 million books. The library also has a underground tunnel, which connects it to another library on Yale's campus, the Bass Library.

# data[].attributes.body
Located on Yale University's Hewitt Quadrangle is the schools primary auditorium, Woolsey Hall. The architects behind Woolsey Hall were Carrère and Hastings, who later went on to design the New York Public Library. The hall was built in the Beaux-Art style, which offers a contrast to the University's other Victorian Gothic buildings all over the campus. Woolsey Hall is the home of one of the most renowned symphonic organs in the world, the Newberry Memorial Organ. The hall is also the performing grounds for the Yale Bands, the New Haven Symphony Orchestra, the Yale Symphony Chorus, and many other singing groups. The building is named after Theodore Dwight Woolsey, who was the President of Yale University from 1846-1871.

# data[].attributes.body
The Russell Henry Chittenden House is located at 83 trumbull Street in New Haven. The house was built in 1887 and is of the Queen Anne architectural style. It was the home of Russell Henry Chittenden, who is known as "the Father of American Biochemistry". Chittenden lived in the house from 1887 up until he died in 1943. The house was listed on the National Registration of Historic Places on May 15, 1975, and was named a National Historic Landmark on the same day. it was later designated a United States Historic District Contributing Property on September 13, 1985.

# data[].attributes.body
The Church of St. Mary in New Haven was built originally built in 1834. The Church we can see today however was built in 1874, after a fire destroyed the previous building. The design of the building was done by James murphy of Providence Rhode Island, and is an example of Gothic Revival architecture. St. Mary's Church is the second oldest Roman Catholic Parish in the state of Connecticut. The St. Mary's church is currently being run by friars of the Dominican order.

# data[].attributes.body
Home of Yale University's law school, the Sterling Law Building is located at 127 Wall Street in new Haven. It was designed by James Gamble Rogers, and the model follows that of the English Inns of Court. The building is named after Yale Alumnus John William Sterling, one of the founders of the New York law firm Shearman & Sterling. The interior of the building includes a law library, classrooms, offices, a courtyard, a dining hall and a day care center.

# data[].attributes.body
Located at 709 Townsend Avenue, Raynham, also known as Kneeland Townsend House, is a historical residential property. Having been in the Townsend family for over seven generations Raynham has a history dating all the way  back to the early-mid 1600's and the founding of the New Haven Colony. The house is one of the states most well preserved Gothic Revival estates. The main house on the property was built all the way back in 1803, but was added on in the 1850's, giving the house its Gothic Revival look. the estate was named Raynham after the seat of the Townsend family in England, Raynham Hall.  Raynham was added to the National Register of Historic Places on July 11, 1980.

# data[].attributes.body
Also known simply as the Plymouth Church as well as Temple Kesar Israel, the Plymouth Congregational Church is a prime example of Romanesque Revival architecture. The church was built around 1890 at 1469 chapel Street, and the architect(s) behind the design of the building are William H. Allen of Sperry and Treat. Plymouth Congregational Church was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1983 thanks in part to its very unique interior, as it was an elaborate octagonal sanctuary. Unfortunately after the building was shut down and abandoned, the building suffered from vandalism as well as water damage. The building is a good example of adaptive reuse, as it was turned to a synagogue and after that, transformed into a medical office building.

# data[].attributes.body
Yale had the Pierson College buildings designed by James Gamble Rogers in the Georgian architectural style. It has a large and prominent tower, which is inspired by Independence Hall in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It opened in 1933, and is one of the original eight residential colleges bequeathed by Edward Harkness to the University. The college is named after Abraham Pierson, who was a founder, and the first rector of the Collegiate School. This is the college which later became known as Yale University. Pierson College today is the largest of the residential colleges at Yale in terms of the amount of students living there.

# data[].attributes.body
Union Station is the train station located at 500 Union Avenue in downtown New Haven. The current Union Station was designed by Cass Gilbert in the beaux-art style, and was opened in 1920 after the previous railroad station had burned down. Much like other railroads in America during World War II, Union Station fell into decline. The railroad was shuttered in 1972, which left only underground subways in use. It was nearly demolished a few years later, but saved in 1979 by the Northeast Corridor Improvement Project. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on September 23, 1975, and ten years later after going through extensive renovations, Union Station became a main gateway to the city and still is today.

# data[].attributes.body
The New Haven Lawn Club is a private club located at 193 Whitney Avenue. This isn't merely one building, instead a group of buildings, of which only some have any historical significance. Only one building and structure on the club's property have been contributed to the historic character of the city, The architecture of the facility is mostly Colonial Revival, and was designed by Douglas Orr and William Douglas. The original clubhouse burned down in 1929 and was rebuilt in 1931. The New Haven Lawn Club was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2003. The club is considered one of the most prestigious in the New Haven County area, and offers sports like tennis, squash, and outdoor swimming.

# data[].attributes.body
The New Haven Jewish Home for the Aged is a nursing home located at 169 Davenport Avenue. This Beaux Arts style building completed in 1921 was designed by Brown and Van Beren. The building originally provided housing for elderly , destitute Jews. It was the second organization in the state to provide these services to the Jewish people in New Haven. The building was added to the National Registry of Historic Places in 1979.

# data[].attributes.body
The New Haven City Hall is located across the street from the New Haven County Courthouse at 161 Church Street. The City Hall was designed by Henry Austin and built in 1861. The building's defining feature is the large clock tower on the left half of the structure. The City Hall was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1975 along with the Courthouse. Both are great, early examples of High Victorian Gothic architecture in the United States. In 1992,  to honor the people involved in the Amistad Incident, a memorial called the Amistad Memorial was created right in front of the City Hall, facing the New Haven Green.

# data[].attributes.body
Also known as the Othneil C. Marsh House, Marsh Hall is located at 360 Prospect Street. The property also includes the Marsh Botanical Garden, which was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1965. The house served as the home of Othniel C. Marsh, a 19th century paleontologist, who lived there until his death in 1899. Upon his death, Marsh bequeathed the house to Yale University, and it now serves as The Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies. The building was designed by J. Cleaveland Cady, and is Queen Anne, and Romanesque in style. Construction of the building was completed in 1881, but the exterior was completed in 1878.

# data[].attributes.body
The Lafayette B. Mendel House is located at 18 Trumbull Street, and is an Italianate style home designed by Henry Austin. Construction of the house was completed in 1858. This was the home of Lafayette Benedict Mendel, a Physiology professor at Yale University from 1900-1924. Mendel discovered both vitamins A and B and also expanded knowledge of nutrition and biochemistry related to food. The home was declared a National Historic Landmark and added to the National Register of Historic Places on the same date, January 7, 1976. The building is now a law firm.

# data[].attributes.headline
Goffe Street Special School for Colored Children

# data[].attributes.subject
Goffe Street Special School for Colored Children

# data[].attributes.body
Located at 106 Goffe Street, the Goffe Street Special School for Colored Children is a very important landmark in African American history. designed by henry Austin, the building was completed in 1864 and is of Italianate style. Mary lucas Hillhouse purchased the land for $5000 and Austin donated his design. The purpose of the school was "the intellectual and moral well being of the colored people of the Town of New Haven and especially of their children...for the elevation and benefit of the class among us, particularly in view of the fact that they have been less favored than others as well as to educational advantages". The school was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1979

# data[].attributes.body
Designed by a Toronto architecture firn called Crang and Boake, the Connecticut Financial Center was built in 1990 in downtown New Haven. The building is an example of postmodern architecture, and is the tallest building in New Haven, standing 383 feet, and is also the sixth tallest building in the entire state. Some of the current tenants of the building are United Illuminating, Bank of America, Merill Lynch, the Social Security Administration's Office of Hearings and Appeals as well as others. The Connecticut Financial Center is located at 157 Church Street, in the same site as the Powell Building, which was New Haven's first skyscraper.

# data[].attributes.body
Located at 232 Orchard Street is the Beth Israel Synagogue. This traditional synagogue is also known as Congregation Beth Israel and Orchard Street Shul. The building was designed by Jacob Weinstein and Louis Abramowitz, is of the Colonial Revival style, and construction of the building was completed in 1925. The congregation was founded by a group of Jewish families who had prospered after beyond the neighborhoods of Oak and Lafayette Street. The lot for the synagogue was purchased in 1923, for $12,000. The location is now closed, however the building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1995.

# data[].attributes.body
The Anne T. and Robert Bass Library is a Yale University library, which holds many frequently used materials in the humanities and social sciences fields. Formerly known as the Cross Campus Library, the Bass Library was built in 1971 and is located underneath the University's Cross Campus. The library was designed by Edward Larrabee Barnes, and is in a minimalist-functionalist style. In 1968, when the design of the building was made public, Yale students actually protested that the skylights would obstruct the lawn's open space, and students tried to physically block the construction of the building. The design was redone, and the building was finally finished three years later.

# data[].attributes.body
Built in 1961, Morse College is one of the fourteen residential colleges of Yale University. Morse college was both designed and built in the Brutalist style by architect Eero Saarinen. The building is named after Samuel Morse, who was an American painter and inventor who contributed to the invention of the single wire telegraph, and was also a co-developer of the Morse Code. The Morse College motto in English translates to "In God, not arms, I trust" which was also the motto of Samuel Morse's family. The Morse College is located at 304 York Street.

# data[].attributes.body
Located in the Downtown part of New Haven, this building is the headquarters of the Roman Catholic fraternal service organization called the Knights of Columbus. Inside, the Supreme Council led by the Supreme Knight, the CEO of the Knights, provide support and leadership This massive, 23-storey building stands 320 feet tall, and is currently the third tallest building in the city. The first thing that draws the eye of this building is the 4 large cylindrical pillars that go from the base all the way to the top of the structure. These 4 pillars also represent the 4 core principles of the order which are charity, unity, fraternity, and patriotism. The building was designed by Kevin Roche John Dinkeloo and Associates, and construction was completed in 1969.

# data[].attributes.body
Also known as the Dana House, this 19th century Italianate house, located at 24 Hillhouse Avenue in New Haven, was the home of former Yale Geology Professor James Dwight Dana. Dana is a very well known individual in his field, as he produced the first published works that emphasized geology was a much broader discipline than examining individual rocks. His home was built in 1845 and was designed by architect Henry Austin. The design of the house itself is nothing unique, as there are other very similar looking houses in the city of New Haven also designed by Henry Austin. The house was purchased by Yale University in 1962 and serves as the University's Department of Statistics. The house became a National Historic Landmark three years later in 1965, as well as added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1966.

# data[].attributes.body
The fourth oldest senior society at Yale University, Elihu was founded in 1903. When Elihu was founded, it was actually the first non-secret senior society at Yale University. While similar to other societies such as the Skull and Bones, Elihu was unique and had its own way of doing things. As mentioned, Elihu was not secret and as a result, instead of favoring secrecy like other societies, they favor privacy. The society's building is located at 175 Elm Street, and is of the American Colonial style. The building is usually closed to non members, similar to other societies, and has blinded windows for privacy of course. Elihu wished to be a diversive group of individuals, and are likely the first of the society to have tapped Henry Roe Cloud, a Native American who graduated from Yale in 1910 and was known at the time as one of Yale's first black female undergraduates.

# data[].attributes.body
The Lincoln Theatre is next up on the list. Also known as the Little Theatre on Lincoln Street, this small performance space is located at 1 Lincoln Street. The Lincoln Theatre was built in 1924 and was designed by architects Samuel G. Russell and George H. Gray. The style of the building is a Modern Free-Style, and it is actually the only known theatre remaining from the little theatre movement from 1911 to 1933. The Lincoln Theatre was used for theatrical productions until 1945. After 1945, the theatre was used to show off local foreign films, and then as a repertory theatre, all of which ended in 1982. The Lincoln Theatre was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984, and in 2014 re-opened as ACES Little Theatre.

# data[].attributes.body
The New Haven County Courthouse was built in 1917, and is located at 121 Elm Street in the downtown area of New haven. The architects behind the Courthouse's construction was William H. Allen and Richard Williams, and the architectural style of the building is beaux arts and classical revival. The courthouse has held well known trials such as the famous Griswold V. Connecticut and the trial of Black Panther Bobby Seale. The courthouse was added to the National Register of Historic Places on May 16, 2003. In 2013, renovations began on the exterior of the courthouse, which cost 10.5 million dollars.

# data[].attributes.body
The Hall of Graduate Studies is another beautiful building in New Haven located at 320 York Street, which unfortunately, will be closing temporarily in May 2018. The building at this moment (December 2017) houses around 170 Yale students, but after renovations in 2018, the building will re open strictly as an academic building. The Hall of Graduate Studies is a gothic style building which was created in 1932. In addition to being used as dormitories for the University, the building also has large seminar rooms for conferences.

# data[].attributes.body
Home of the Yale University Biology Department, the Kline Biology Tower located at 219 Prospect Street is the tallest building on the Yale University Campus. The building was designed by Philip Johnson and cost 12 million dollars to build, with construction of the building beginning in 1962. The skyscraper was also the tallest building in New Haven period after its construction was completed in 1966. The building lost that title in 1969 to another building called the Knights of Columbus building. Philip Johnson is also responsible for designing the nearby Kline Geology and Chemistry Laboratories.

# data[].attributes.body
Also known as Brewery Square, the old Quinnipiac Brewery is another unique structure in New Haven. Leoni W. Robinson and others are the architects behind this building which arose in 1882. The main building is a six story Romanesque brewery building, which was given its façade in 1896. The other buildings on Brewery Square are office buildings also dating back to the 1880's, and the bottling plant which was built in 1916. The buildings are now used as apartments. In 1983, the Quinnipiac Brewery was put on the list of National Register of Historic Places.

# data[].attributes.headline
Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library

# data[].attributes.subject
Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library

# data[].attributes.body
Located on Yale University's Hewitt Quadrangle, the Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library is for sure one of the cities most unique looking buildings, both inside and out. The Beinecke Library houses a large number of rare books and other literary archives. The library was designed by architect Gordon Bunshaft, and construction was completed in 1963. The Beinecke library has a truly unique looking exterior that stands out among the rest of the city's architecture. The building has a massive and windowless rectangular shell, which is supported by 4 large beams in the corners of the structure. The way the building sits on these 4 beams creates a very cool affect where the building during the day time casts a shadow over the entrance, and it looks almost as if the structure is floating above the ground. The exterior of the building is mostly made from a translucent veined marble, which shields light from the outside, but at night reflects the interior light, which gives the marble panels an amber glow. Inside the library, there is a massive six-story  stack of book shelves encased inside of a glass tower. The Beinecke is one of the world's largest buildings which is dedicated solely to rare books and manuscripts.

# data[].attributes.body
The Yale Bowl located near the border of New Haven and West Haven is one of the city's most well known pieces of architecture. The architect behind this stadium was Charles A. Ferry. Construction of the stadium began in August 1913, cost $750,000, and seats around 61,500 people. The Bowl was officially opened on November 21, 1914, over 103 years ago. It is the home of the Yale Bulldogs football team, and is located about one and a half miles west of the Yale Campus. The Yale Bowl was actually the first bowl style stadium built in the United States, and was one of the inspirations to other massive American stadiums such as The Rose Bowl, Michigan Stadium, and The Los Angeles Coliseum. The Yale Bowl was also the temperory home of the National Football League's New York Giants in 1973-74, but the team unfortunately only won one of it's dozen games in the stadium. Along with hosting many football games over the years, musical acts such as The Grateful Dead, The Eagles, and The Little River Band. In 1987, The Yale Bowl was declared a National Historic Landmark, for its role in football history.

# data[].attributes.body
Wikipedia
http://www.yalebowls.com/categories/Wood-Sources/Yale-Bowl-Bleacher-Wood/
http://www.yalebulldogs.com/information/facilities/yale_bowl/index
http://beinecke.library.yale.edu/
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Beinecke_Library_at_night.JPG
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quinnipiac_Brewery#/media/File:Quninnipiac_Brewery1.jpg
https://campusphotos.yale.edu/catalog/3811872#.Wia2DIWcE2w
https://housing.yale.edu/graduate-housing/hall-graduate-studies-hgs-closing-may-2018
https://www.flickr.com/photos/aidaneus/7604452206/
https://www.flickr.com/photos/auvet/284219398/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:The_Little_Theatre_in_New_Haven,_October_17,_2008.jpg
https://www.revolvy.com/topic/Lincoln%20Theatre%20(New%20Haven,%20Connecticut)
http://historicbuildingsct.com/?p=498
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elihu_(secret_society)
http://newhavenmodern.org/knights-of-columbus-building
http://kierantimberlake.com/pages/view/10/morse-and-ezra-stiles-residential-colleges/parent:3
http://schooldesigns.com/Project-Details.aspx?Project_ID=3361
http://godaven.com/list.asp?city=New%20Haven
https://www.flickr.com/photos/22703728@N05/3620566616/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goffe_Street_Special_School_for_Colored_Children
http://www.ctmuseumquest.com/page_id_13152_wohttp://www.quazoo.com/q/Marsh_Hall_(Yale_University)?alt=Marsh_hall_(yale_university)rdpress/
https://wikivisually.com/wiki/File:New_Haven_City_Hall,_October_17,_2008.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/New_Haven_Jewish_Home_for_the_Aged%2C_October_20%2C_2008.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/49/New_Haven_Lawn_Club.JPG
http://www.greatamericanstations.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/newhavenCT.jpg
https://conferencesandevents.yale.edu/gallery/pierson-college
http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Strouse,_Adler_Company_Corset_Factory
http://www.panoramio.com/user/3997097?with_photo_id=71142895
http://historicbuildingsct.com/?p=867
http://www.bestchoiceschools.com/50-most-impressive-law-school-buildings-in-the-world/
http://foundationsofamerica.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=705:saint-marys-church-new-haven-ct&catid=57:institutions&Itemid=68
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russell_Henry_Chittenden_House
http://ctmonuments.net/2011/08/woolsey-hall-new-haven/
https://www.yelp.ca/biz/sterling-memorial-library-new-haven
http://web.library.yale.edu/building/sterling-library
https://www.ranker.com/list/new-haven-buildings-and-structures/reference