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Any arrangement of these elements is called a workspace.

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(in a program with a graphical user interface) a strip of icons used to perform certain functions.

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the Grand Central Station for managing layers. To display the palette, choose Window–>Show Layers or just press F7. Here's what you need to know to navigate the Layers palette: The Background is the bottom layer in the image.

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a horizontal bar, typically located at the top of the screen below the title bar, containing drop-down menus.

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The Adjustment Layers in Photoshop are a group of a super useful, non-destructive image editing tools that add color and tonal adjustments to your image without permanently changing its pixels. With the adjustment layers, you can edit and discard your adjustments or restore your original image at any time.

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the state or process that occurs when no more of something can be absorbed, combined with, or added.

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In photography and image processing, color balance is the global adjustment of the intensities of the colors (typically red, green, and blue primary colors).

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Photoshop Move Tool. The move tool allows you to move a selection or entire layer by dragging it with your mouse or using your keyboard arrows keys. The move tool is located at the top right of the Photoshop Toolbox. When the move tool is selected, click and drag anywhere in the image.

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To switch the Zoom tool between zooming in or out, use the Enlarge or Reduce modifiers (in the options area of the Tools panel when the Zoom tool is selected) or Alt-click (Windows) or Option-click (Mac OS).

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a tool held in the hand and operated without electricity or other power.

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Magnetic Lasso Tool. This is a very handy tool for selecting areas which have reasonably well-defined edges. Left-click at the starting point of your selection and simply move the mouse along the edge. "Fastening points" are automatically made at various points along the edges.

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The Magic Wand Tool, known simply as the Magic Wand, is one of the oldest selection tools in Photoshop. Unlike other selection tools that select pixels in an image based on shapes or by detecting object edges, the Magic Wand selects pixels based on tone and color

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Polygonal Lasso Tool. Similar to the lasso tool, except that instead of holding your mouse button down to draw, left-click on various points to create a selection with a series of straight edges. You can also hold down the Alt key (Windows) or Option key (Mac OS) to draw freehand sections.

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As you drag, the selection expands outward and automatically finds and follows defined edges in the image. Select the Quick Selection tool . (If the toolisn't visible, hold down the Magic Wand tool .) In the options bar, click one of the selection options: New, Add To, or Subtract From

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The Marquee tool is the most basic of selection tools and often the one most useful. This tool is used to draw selections based on geometric shapes. Specifically, the marquee tool allows you to draw rectangular and elliptical selections. To form the selection, simply click and drag the mouse.

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CTRL+ALT+Z

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hold ALT+ while scrolling with wheel on mouse.

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b

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e

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alt+click color

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Photoshop Clone Stamp Tool. Photoshop's clone stamp tool allows you to duplicate part of an image. The process involves setting a sampling point in the image which will be used as a reference to create a new cloned area. Select the Clone Stamp tool , then check the settings in the options bar.

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The Crop Tool cuts out a defined area deleting or hiding the rest of an image: In the Toolbox, select theCrop Tool, click on the image and draw a rectangle holding mouse's button pressed. When you release the button a bounding box appears. You can move, resize and rotate it.

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the ratio of the width to the height of an image or screen.

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Cropping is the process of removing portions of a photo to create focus or strengthen the composition. Use the Crop tool to crop and straighten photos in Photoshop. The Crop tool is non-destructive, and you can choose to retain the cropped pixels to optimize the crop boundaries later.

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Layer masks are a fundamental tool in image manipulations. They allow you to selectively modify the opacity (transparency) of the layer they belong to. This differs from the use of the layer Opacity slider as a mask has the ability to selectively modify the opacity of different areas across a single layer.

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The Blur Tool is used to paint a blur effect. Each stroke made using the Blur Tool will lower the contrast between affected pixels, making them appear blurred. ... A soft blur brush will alter pixels at varying strengths, stronger in the center turning weaker towards the edges.

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Sharpening enhances the definition of edges in an image. Whether your images come from a digital camera or a scanner, most images can benefit from sharpening. When sharpening images, keep the following in mind: ... Sharpen the first time to correct blur captured by a scanner or digital camera.

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The Smudge tool simulates the effect you see when you drag a finger through wet paint. The tool picks up color where the stroke begins and pushes it in the direction you drag. ... Select Finger Painting in the options bar to smudge using the foreground color at the beginning of each stroke.

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The Gradient tool creates a gradual blend between multiple colors. You can choose from preset gradient fills or create your own. Note: You cannot use the Gradient toolwith bitmap or indexed-color images. To fill part of the image, select the desired area.

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he Paint Bucket tool fills an area, that is similar in color value to the pixels you click. You can fill an area with the foreground color or a pattern. Choose a foreground color. Select the Paint Bucket tool in the toolbox.

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Horizontal Type Tool. The Horizontal Type Tool creates and edits vector-based text in a separate layer. In the Toolbox, select the Horizontal Type Tool. On the Options bar, set the font options: family (style), size, color and anti-aliasing method. Click on your image and type.

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at right angles to a horizontal plane; in a direction, or having an alignment, such that the top is directly above the bottom.

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The blind spot monitor is a vehicle-based sensor device that detects other vehicles located to the driver's side and rear. Warnings can be visual, audible, vibrating, or tactile. However, blind spot monitors are an option that may do more than monitor the sides and rear of the vehicle.

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Today, every DSLR has an integrated light meter that automatically measures the reflected light and determines the optimal exposure. The most common metering modes in digital cameras today are: Matrix Metering (Nikon), also known as Evaluative Metering(Canon) Center-weighted Metering. Spot Metering.

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a mode of automatic light metering in a camera that compensates for differences in the brightness of the central and peripheral portions of the image.

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Matrix Metering or Evaluative Metering mode is the default metering mode on most DSLRs. It works similarly to the above example by dividing the entire frame into multiple “zones”, which are then all analyzed on individual basis for light and dark tones.

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a painting, especially an altarpiece, on two hinged wooden panels that may be closed like a book.

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a picture or relief carving on three panels, typically hinged together side by side and used as an altarpiece.