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Conquistadors: Hernando Cortez and Francisco Pizzaro

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Conquistadors: Hernando Cortez and Francisco Pizzaro

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- Hernando Cortex was an explorer who defeated the Aztec empire and claimed Mexico for Spain. when he was 19 he set sail to the new world. Cortés later joined an expedition to Cuba. He went to Mexico to explore in 1518. There he set up some native people to other thow others.  King Charles I made him governor of New Spain in 1522. Cortés died in Spain in 1547.
- In 1513, Francisco Pizarro joined Vasco Núñez de Balboa in his march to the "South Sea," when Balboa discovered the Pacific Ocean., Pizarro and his brothers conquered Peru in 1532. Three years later, Pizarro founded the nation's new capital, Lima. Pizarro was assassinated on June 26, 1541, in Lima, Peru.

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Explorer during The Age of Exploration: Francis Drake 

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Explorer during The Age of Exploration: Francis Drake 

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Around 1560 Francis Drake was given command of a ship called Judith. With his cousin John Hawkins, Drake sailed to Africa to be an illegal slave trader. After capturing African they sailed to New Spain to sell their captives to new settlers which was illegal because of the Spanish Law. Because of an incident at a Spanish port involving the Spanish law where he barely got away and many of his men were killed, drake hated the Spanish authorities now. In 1572 drake got a privateers license from Queen Elizabeth I, so he could steal any property belonging to King Philip II of Spain. Drake went on a voyage to take over a village. He successfully captured the village but was wounded. Drake went on to win many battles and capture more area. Soon he had 5 ships and became a powerful leader.

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Positive
- The positive effects of the age of explorations are, it brought  Europe, Asia, Africa, and the Americas closer together. It also spread religion in all the cultures. The age of exploration also allowed all of these countries to trade goods.
Negative
- The negative effects of the age of explorations are, it ruined the culture of each country because os mixed them. It spread a lot of diseases because of so much trading going on during this time. There was also a population decrease due to diseases spread during trade.

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-For 366 years, European slavers loaded approximately 12.5 million Africans onto Atlantic slave ships. They collected the slaves from many points in Africa but the majority of captives were collected from West and Central Africa and from Angola.
- The slave trade was started by the Portuguese and Spanish after the agreement of sugar plantations in America. America owes it's growth and development to slavery.
- It was a triangle slave trade that went from Europe to Africa, from Africa to the America and from the Americas back to Europe.
- The transatlantic slave trade had many effects on Africa, because of taking the most able- bodied people the country was left in ruins. The death toll and the economic and environmental destruction because of wars and slave raids were very high. Slave trade forced many villages to move away from the slave route and made them have to start over. Because of all the destruction caused by slave trade, Africa was pushed back many years that they could have been and had been progressing.
- The transatlantic slave trade had a big impact on America also, without slaves America would not has progressed as fast as it did. The salves working on plantations provided goods for America which allowed them to be involved in trading of goods with other countries. Slavery in America allowed the country to grow economically and politicly.

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http://www.understandingslavery.com/index.php-option=com_content&view=article&id=369&Itemid=145.html
https://www.biography.com/people/francisco-pizarro-9442295
https://sites.google.com/site/almasexplorationproject/the-three-g-s
http://www.socialstudiesforkids.com/articles/worldhistory/treatyoftordesillas.htm
https://www.britannica.com/event/Treaty-of-Tordesillas
http://slaveryandremembrance.org/articles/article/?id=A0002
https://15minutehistory.org/2012/12/03/episode-6-effects-of-the-atlantic-slave-trade-on-the-americas/
https://schoolworkhelper.net/effect-of-the-slave-trade-on-africa/
http://www.inmotionaame.org/print.cfm?migration=1&bhcp=1
https://www.biography.com/people/francis-drake-9278809
https://www.biography.com/people/hernán-cortés-9258320
https://www.biography.com/people/francisco-pizarro-9442295

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The Three G’s: Causes of the Age of Exploration 

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The Three G’s: Causes of the Age of Exploration 

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- The three G's are what caused the age of exploration.
- The first G is glory, because the renaissance had just ended people still had the idea of humanism and the idea of focusing on individual achievement. The kings and queens wanted glory for their kingdom so they had to spread and get the word out there about it.
- The second G is gold, they had an idea that there is only so much gold and wealth in the world, so everyone was frantic to get it all to be the wealthiest. This also went along with glory, they wanted the most gold to get the glory of being the richest.
- The third G is God, the Europeans were mostly Christians by that time and wanted to spread their religion. They also used spreading their religion as and excuse to enslave people that would not convert with allowed them to be involved with the slave trade also.

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Overall, did the Age of Exploration have a more positive or negative impact?

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Overall, did the Age of Exploration have a more positive or negative impact?

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I think that the Age of exploration had more of a negative impact. I don't think that lives should be lost for heath or glory or progress. We gained a lot, our country grew faster but at such a high cost I don't think it was worth it. between 12 and 15 million African people were captured and forced to leave their families, sail the ocean and if they lived through all of that they were then enslaved by plantation owners, usually for the rest of their lives. I know a lot of other good things happen with us and other countries but no amount of good in the world can bring back or even justify that much evil.
https://www.britannica.com/topic/transatlantic-slave-trade
http://www.understandingslavery.com/index.php-option=com_content&view=article&id=369&Itemid=145.html

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- The Treaty of Tordesillas was an agreement between Portugal and Spain to divide ownership rights of New World between the two countries.
- It was agreed on June 7, 1494 but did not go into affect until that September.
- Columbus reported back to Pope Alexander VI when he returned from his voyage to America. The Pope issued a decree stating that the land was divided between Spain and Portugal.
-Portugal did not agree with this decree and wanted to redo the arrangement due to a previous agreement that would mess up this one. So Spain and Portugal met and made the The Treaty of Tordesillas to compromise and settled on a different way to divide the two sides.

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- started when Columbus came to America
-exchanging between the new and old world
- traded illnesses, plants, animals, and technology
- improvements in agricultural production, evolution of warfare, increased mortality rates and education on both the Native Americans and Europeans sides occurred because of the Columbian Exchange